{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:01:17Z","timestamp":1780668077533,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425945600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,9]],"date-time":"2015-03-09T18:41:15Z","timestamp":1425926475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Association of breastfeeding and three-dimensional dental arch relationships in primary dentition"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Fung Hou Kumoi Mineaki Howard","family":"Sum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linkun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiu Tung Bonnie","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy Po Wan","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kar Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai Ming","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR1","first-page":"143","volume":"144","author":"LR Salone","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salone LR, Vann WF, Dee DL. Breastfeeding: An overview of oral and general health benefits. JADA. 2013;144(2):143\u201351.","journal-title":"JADA"},{"key":"10_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 10 Facts on Breastfeeding. WHO; 2014. http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/factfiles\/breastfeeding\/en\/. Accessed 14 Jun 2014."},{"key":"10_CR3","first-page":"234","volume-title":"Essentials of facial Growth","author":"DH Enlow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Enlow DH, Hans MG. Essentials of facial Growth. 2nd ed. Ann Arbor: Needham Press; 2008. p. 234\u20135.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"10_CR4","first-page":"253","volume":"58","author":"M Legovic","year":"1991","unstructured":"Legovic M, Ostric L. The effects of feeding methods on the growth of the jaws in infants. ASDC J Dent Child. 1991;58(3):253\u20135.","journal-title":"ASDC J Dent Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572011000200013","volume":"19","author":"CC Romero","year":"2001","unstructured":"Romero CC, Scavone-Junior H, Garib DG, Cotrim-Ferreira FA, Ferreira RI. Breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking patterns related to the prevalence of anterior open bite in primary dentition. J Appl Oral Sci. 2001;19(2):161\u20138.","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10_CR6","first-page":"147","volume":"3","author":"A Callaghan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Callaghan A, Kendall G, Lock C, Mahony A, Payne J, Verrier L. Association between pacifier use and breast-feeding, sudden infant death syndrome, infection and dental malocclusion. Int J Evid Based Healthc. 2005;3(6):147\u201367.","journal-title":"Int J Evid Based Healthc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR7","first-page":"35","volume":"51","author":"E Karabulut","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karabulut E, Yalcin SS, Ozdemir-Geyik P, Karaagaoglu E. Effect of pacifier use on exclusive and any breastfeeding: a meta-analysis. Turk J Pediatr. 2009;51(1):35\u201343.","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2008.578","volume":"163","author":"NR O\u2019Connor","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor NR, Tanabe KO, Siadaty MS, Hauck FR. Pacifiers and breastfeeding: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163(4):378\u201382.","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10_CR9","first-page":"1685","volume":"132","author":"JJ Warren","year":"2001","unstructured":"Warren JJ, Bishara SE, Steinbock KL, Yonezu T, Nowak AJ. Effects of oral habits\u2019 duration on dental characteristics in the primary dentition. JADA. 2001;132(12):1685\u201393.","journal-title":"JADA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-83242011000400009","volume":"25","author":"NS Jabbar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jabbar NS, Bueno AB, Silva PE. Bottle feeding, increased overjet and Class 2 primary canine relationship: is there any association? Braz Oral Res. 2011;25(4):331\u20137.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2010.01092.x","volume":"21","author":"L Montaldo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Montaldo L, Montaldo P, Cuccaro P, Caramico N, Minervini G. Effects of feeding on non-nutritive sucking habits and implications on occlusion in mixed dentition. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011;21(1):68\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR12","first-page":"372","volume":"8","author":"JS Diouf","year":"2010","unstructured":"Diouf JS, Ngom PI, Badiane A, Cisse B, Ndoye C, Diop-Ba K, et al. Influence of the mode of nutritive and non-nutritive sucking on the dimensions of primary dental arches. Int Orthod. 2010;8(4):372\u201385.","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1179\/14653121042939","volume":"37","author":"P Mistry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mistry P, Moles DR, O\u2019Neill J, Noar J. The occlusal effects of digit sucking habits amongst school children in Northamptonshire (UK). J Orthod. 2010;37(2):87\u201392.","journal-title":"J Orthod"},{"issue":"12","key":"10_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.029728","volume":"89","author":"D Viggiano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Viggiano D, Fasano D, Moncaco G, Strohmenger L. Breast feeding, bottle feeding and non-nutritive sucking; effects on occlusion in deciduous dentition. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(12):1121\u20133.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.121445","volume":"121","author":"JJ Warren","year":"2002","unstructured":"Warren JJ, Bishara SE. Duration of nutritive and nonnutritive sucking behaviors and their effects on the dental arches in the primary dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121(4):347\u201356.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512010000200010","volume":"15","author":"IM Rochelle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rochelle IM, Tagliaferro EP, Pereira AC, Meneghim MD, N\u00f3bilo KA, Ambrosano GM. Breastfeeding, deleterious oral habits and malocclusion in 5-year-old children in S\u00e3o Pedro, SP. Brazil Dental Press J Orthod. 2010;15(2):71\u201381.","journal-title":"Brazil Dental Press J Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR17","first-page":"55","volume":"39","author":"TA Yemitan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yemitan TA, da Costa OO, Sanu OO, Isiekwe MC. Effects of digit sucking on dental arch dimensions in the primary dentition. Afr J Med Med Sci. 2010;39(1):55\u201361.","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR18","first-page":"31","volume":"25","author":"LM Lopez Del Valle","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lopez Del Valle LM, Singh GD, Feliciano N, Machuca MC. Associations between a history of breast feeding, malocclusion and parafunctional habits in Puerto Rican children. P R Health Sci J. 2006;25(1):31\u20134.","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102007000300004","volume":"41","author":"KG Peres","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peres KG, Barros AJ, Peres MA, Victora CG. Effects of breastfeeding and sucking habits on malocclusion in a birth cohort study. Rev Saude Puclica. 2007;41(3):343\u201350.","journal-title":"Rev Saude Puclica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2013.0027","volume":"9","author":"AF Galan-Gonzalez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galan-Gonzalez AF, Aznar-Martin T, Cabrera-Dominguez ME, Rominiguez-Reyes A. Do breastfeeding and bottle feeding influence occlusal prameters? Breastfeed Med. 2014;9(1):24\u20138.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"10_CR21","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics","author":"WR Proffit","year":"1993","unstructured":"Proffit WR. Contemporary Orthodontics. Mosby: Year Book; 1993. p. 81\u20134."},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.2319\/053106-221","volume":"77","author":"V Ciusa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ciusa V, Dimaggio FR, Sforza C, Ferrario VF. Three-dimensional palatal development between 3 and 6 Years. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(4):602\u20136.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"6","key":"10_CR23","first-page":"74","volume":"74","author":"HH Tsai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsai HH, Tan CT. Morphology of the palatal Vault of primary dentition in transverse view. Angle Orthod. 2004;74(6):74\u2013779.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10_CR24","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Oral health surveys: basic methods","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1997","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: basic methods. 4th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997. p. 14\u20135.","edition":"4"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GC. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159\u201374.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10_CR26","first-page":"568","volume-title":"Fundamentals of biostatistics","author":"B Rosner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rosner B. Fundamentals of biostatistics. 7th ed. Belmont: CA. Duxbury Press; 2011. p. 568\u201371.","edition":"7"},{"key":"10_CR27","first-page":"9","volume-title":"The aetiology and classification of malocclusion. An introduction to orthodontics","author":"L Mitchell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mitchell L. The aetiology and classification of malocclusion. An introduction to orthodontics. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007. p. 9\u201310.","edition":"3"},{"issue":"3","key":"10_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-7-3-59","volume":"7","author":"Y Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yilmaz Y, Gurbuz T, Simsek S, Dalmis A. Primary canine and molar relationships in centric occlusion in three to six year-old Turkish children: a cross-sectional study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2006;7(3):55\u201366.","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1143","volume":"5","author":"SS Bhat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhat SS, Rao HT, Hegde KS, Kumar BS. Characteristics of primary dentition occlusion in preschool children: An epidemiological study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;5(2):93\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"10_CR30","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. A comprehensive approach","author":"RW Brand","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brand RW, Isselhard DE. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures. A comprehensive approach. 7th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2014. p. 55.","edition":"7"},{"key":"10_CR31","first-page":"379","volume-title":"Textbook of orthodontics","author":"WH Luo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Luo WH, Fu MK. Correction of increased overjet. In: Fu MK, editor. Textbook of orthodontics. 1st ed. Beijing: People\u2019s Medical Publishing House; 2007. p. 379.","edition":"1"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1133","volume":"5","author":"M Agarwal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agarwal M, Ghousia S, Konde S, Rai S. Breastfeeding: nature\u2019s safety net. Int J Clinical Pediatr Dent. 2012;5(1):49\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Clinical Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"9","key":"10_CR33","first-page":"46","volume":"11","author":"S Willis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Willis S, Kurlander R. The benefits of breastfeeding. The J Prof Excell Dimens Dent Hyg. 2013;11(9):46\u201350.","journal-title":"The J Prof Excell Dimens Dent Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512010000200010","volume":"15","author":"IM Rochelle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rochelle IM, Tagliaferro EP, Pereira AC, Meneghim MD, Nobilo KA, Ambrosano GM. Breastfeeding, deleterious oral habits and malocclusion in 5-year-old children in Sao Pedro, SP. Braz Dent Press J Orthod. 2010;15(2):71\u201381.","journal-title":"Braz Dent Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10_CR35","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Breastfeeding. WHO; 2014. http:\/\/www.who.int\/topics\/breastfeeding\/en\/. Accessed 14 Jun 2014."},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2012.01.005","volume":"76","author":"EB Thomaz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thomaz EB, Cangussu MC, Assis AM. Maternal breastfeeding, parafunctional habits and malocclusion in adolescents: A multivariate analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;76(4):500\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2223\/JPED.935","volume":"79","author":"FC Neiva","year":"2003","unstructured":"Neiva FC, Cattoni DM, Ramos JL, Issler H. Early weaning: implications to oral motor development. J Pediatr. 2003;79(1):7\u201312.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR38","first-page":"59","volume":"4","author":"D Drane","year":"1996","unstructured":"Drane D. The effect of use of dummies and teats on orofacial development. Breastfeed Rev. 1996;4(2):59\u201364.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Rev"},{"key":"10_CR39","first-page":"91","volume":"6","author":"SR Pierotti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pierotti SR. Breastfeeding: influence on occlusion, oral habits and functions. Rev Dent Press Orthodon Ortop Facial. 2001;6:91\u20138.","journal-title":"Rev Dent Press Orthodon Ortop Facial"},{"issue":"3","key":"10_CR40","first-page":"161","volume":"25","author":"H Scavone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Scavone H, Guimaraes CH, Ferreira RI, Nahas AC, Vellini-Ferreira F. Association between dreastfeeding duration and non-nutritive sucking habits. Commun Dent Health. 2008;25(3):161\u20135.","journal-title":"Commun Dent Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.011","volume":"130","author":"CL Luz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Luz CL, Garib DG, Arouca R. Association between breastfeeding duration and mandibular retrusion: a cross-sectional study of children in the mixed dentition. Am J Orthop. 2006;130(4):531\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.43188","volume":"26","author":"SA Moimaz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moimaz SA, Zina LG, Saliba NA, Saliba O. Association between breast-feeding practices and sucking habits: a cross-sectional study of children in their first year of life. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2008;26(3):102\u20136.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"10_CR43","first-page":"14","volume":"76","author":"SE Bishara","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bishara SE, Larsson E. Finger habits: their effects and their treatments\u2014part 1. Dent Assist. 2007;76(1):14\u20136.","journal-title":"Dent Assist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_CR44","first-page":"101","volume":"9","author":"LM Tomita","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tomita LM, Carrascoza KC, Possobon RF, Ambrosano GM, de Moraes AB. The relationship between breastfeeding duration, oral habits introduction and malocclusion occurrence. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Passo Fundo. 2004;9(2):101\u20134.","journal-title":"Rev Fac Odontol Univ Passo Fundo"},{"key":"10_CR45","unstructured":"Education Bureau the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Kindergarten Education. Education Bureau HKSAR; 2014. http:\/\/www.edb.gov.hk\/en\/about-edb\/publications-stat\/figures\/kg.html. Accessed 2 Jan 2015."},{"key":"10_CR46","unstructured":"Education Bureau. Profile of Kindergartens and Kindergarten-cum-child Care Centres. Education Bureau; 2014. http:\/\/www.chsc.hk\/kindergarten\/en\/. Accessed 2 Jan 2015"},{"key":"10_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-179","volume":"12","author":"ST Natland","year":"2012","unstructured":"Natland ST, Andersen LF, Nilsen TI, Forsmo S, Jacobsen GW. Maternal recall of breastfeeding duration twenty years after delivery. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012;12:179.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T09:22:01Z","timestamp":1630574521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-015-0010-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 June 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"30"}}