{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:12:15Z","timestamp":1787505135726,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595980800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) have shown a significant incidence and prevalence and have been increasingly associated with people\u2019s lifestyles and youths. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of NCCLs in footballers and to address potential risk indicators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourty-three male semi-professional footballers with an average of 27\u2009years old completed a questionnaire and were subjected to intraoral examination in terms of cervical tooth wear, morphological characteristics of NCCLs, tooth sensitivity, occlusal\/incisal wear, and malocclusion classification. Also, laboratory assays were performed to determine salivary parameters: flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, level of Ca (calcium), Na (sodium), and K (potassium) ions, and level of cortisol. The data obtained from the questionnaire and intraoral examinations were subjected to Chi-square and Poisson regression models while the data obtained from the laboratory assays were analyzed by using analysis of variance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of NCCLs was 39.5%. The participants presented predominantly initial lesions with signs of mechanical stress. The daily training time was found as a significant risk indicator (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028). The multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in the variables daily training time (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023), lemon water intake while fasting (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002), toothpaste type (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), tooth sensitivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006); previous orthodontic treatment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), and occlusion type (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008). All participants presented normal salivary parameters and levels of cortisol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of NCCLs among footballers was remarkable. The premolars were the most affected teeth and presented symptoms\/signs of initial lesions. The daily training time was a dominant risk indicator of NCCLs development. Footballers presented adequate salivary parameters and cortisol levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01200-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T09:05:10Z","timestamp":1596013510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Prevalence and risk indicators of non-carious cervical lesions in male footballers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tamea Lacerda Monteiro","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila Cristina Almeida Neves","family":"Mutran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daybelis Gonz\u00e1lez","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelson","family":"do Carmo Freitas Faial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helder Henrique Costa","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-2521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta Souza","family":"D\u2019Almeida Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1200_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teixeira DNR, Zeola LF, Machado AC, Gomes RR, Souza PG, Mendes DC, et al. 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Our study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Par\u00e1 (CEP\/ICS-UFPA) \u2013 protocol number CAEE: (86808318.2.0000.0018).A written informed consent form was voluntarily signed by all participants.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"215"}}