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The aim of this study was to assess some selected salivary components in children suffering from idiopathic steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (iNS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case\u2013control study was performed on iNS and healthy participants. In unstimulated mixed saliva, pH, buffer capacity, total protein, \u03b1-amylase, peroxidase, calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, fluoride, urea, uric acid and salivary flow rate were measured. Oral condition was assessed using dmft, DMFT, API and GI indices, usage of fluoride specimens and frequency of tooth brushing. Statistical analysis was performed by Shapiro\u2013Wilk, Brown-Forsythe, Student\u2019s t, ANOVA, Tukey\u2019s and Pearson\u2019s chi-square tests, Pearson\u2019s and Spearman\u2019s correlations, logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study involved 94 participants of both genders aged 4\u201317 (47 cases in relapse or remission phase of iNS and 47 controls) who were treated in the clinic of pediatric nephrology or outpatient dental clinic. Neither group differed in the number of caries-affected primary and permanent teeth, gingival condition or use of fluoride specimens. The iNS group presented lower levels of magnesium (0.41\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34 vs. 0.60\u2009\u00b1\u20090.38\u00a0mg\/dL, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and fluoride (0.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10 vs. 0.21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10\u00a0ppm, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and higher contents of urea (35.19\u2009\u00b1\u200915.55 vs. 25.21\u2009\u00b1\u200910.78\u00a0mg\/dL, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and uric acid (2.90\u2009\u00b1\u20091.23 vs. 2.34\u2009\u00b1\u20091.04\u00a0mg\/dL, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) than the controls. In the iNS participants with relapse, a higher peroxidase activity and lower magnesium content than in the remission phase were found. ROC analysis showed a weak discriminatory power of these salivary constituents for the differentiation of participants with and without disease (accuracy from 66.0 to 67.0%, area under the ROC curve (AUC) from 0.638 to 0.682) and the relapse and remission phases (accuracy 70.2% and 68.1% and AUC 0.717 and 0.675, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Levels of urea, uric acid, magnesium and fluoride in saliva can be associated with the course of iNS. Salivary levels of peroxidase and magnesium can be related to the phase of the disease. However, the measurements of these parameters cannot be useful as a noninvasive tool in diagnosing iNS and the phase of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01375-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T17:03:50Z","timestamp":1610039030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Selected salivary parameters in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9692-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Kaczmarek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2593-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"Wrzyszcz-Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2806-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2062-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Pro\u015bciak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2037-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Mysiak-D\u0119bska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1716-3503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Przywitowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8324-274X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irena","family":"Makulska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1375_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14184-0","volume":"369","author":"AA Eddy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eddy AA, Symons JN. 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Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous, and the collected data was treated confidentially. Written informed consent was obtained from a parent or guardian for participants under 16\u00a0years old.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and materials"}},{"value":"The authors declare that have no competing interests related to this study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was supported by a grant from the Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (Grant No. ST-B010.16.044). The funding body played no role in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"AWK, KJ, MMD and IP performed the oral clinical examination, collected the questionnaire data and salivary samples. KP performed the medical examination and gathered the blood parameters. IM performed medical examination and drafting. UK designed the study, performed analysis and interpretation of the data, drafted and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 contributions"}},{"value":"The authors thank the children and adolescents and their parents for participation in the study.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Acknowledgements"}}],"article-number":"17"}}