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Most previous genetic studies of caries have focused on identifying genes that contribute to dental caries in specific ethnic groups, usually of European descent.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of this study is to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify associations affecting susceptibility to caries in a large multiethnic population from Argentina, the Philippines, Guatemala, Hungary, and the USA, originally recruited for studies of orofacial clefts (POFC, N\u2009=\u20093686). Ages of the participants ranged from 2 to 12\u00a0years for analysis of the primary dentition, and 18\u201360\u00a0years for analysis of the permanent dentition. For each participant, dental caries was assessed by counts of decayed and filled teeth (<jats:italic>dft<\/jats:italic>\/DFT) and genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) were genotyped or imputed across the entire genome. Caries was analyzed separately for the primary and permanent dentitions, with age, gender, and presence\/absence of any type of OFC treated as covariates. Efficient Mixed-Model Association eXpedited (EMMAX) was used to test genetic association, while simultaneously accounting for relatedness and stratification.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We identified several suggestive loci (5\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>\u2009&lt;\u2009<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20095\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>) within or near genes with plausible biological roles for dental caries, including a cluster of taste receptor genes (<jats:italic>TAS2R38, TAS2R3, TAS2R4, TASR25<\/jats:italic>) on chromosome 7 for the permanent dentition analysis, and <jats:italic>DLX3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DLX4<\/jats:italic> on chromosome 17 for the primary dentition analysis. Genome-wide significant results were seen with SNPs in the primary dentition only; however, none of the identified genes near these variants have known roles in cariogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results of this study warrant further investigation and may lead to a better understanding of cariogenesis in diverse populations, and help to improve dental caries prediction, prevention, and\/or treatment in future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01670-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T07:03:08Z","timestamp":1627282988000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of dental caries in diverse populations"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rasha N.","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Chernus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandita","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic W. 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