{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T12:23:20Z","timestamp":1781007800163,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of antibiotics in dentistry as prophylaxis and treatment is frequent. Their misuse has led to a major public health problem globally known as antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to assess the pattern of antibiotic prescription and its prophylactic use for systemic conditions. Besides, this study evaluated the awareness and adherence to antibiotic prescription guidelines and antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines along with awareness of antibiotic resistance across pediatric and general dentists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An overall of 378 pediatric and general dentists meeting the required eligibility criteria, fulfilled a pre-designed validated questionnaire. Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant statistical difference was found among the pediatric and general dentists regarding antibiotics prescription for most of the oral conditions where Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic among the two groups (53% pediatric dentist and 52% general dentist). The majority of pediatric and general dentists, on the other hand, were aware of antibiotic resistance and prescribing recommendations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study showed a tendency to overprescribe and overuse antibiotics in certain dental conditions among the participants. The vast majority of dentists, especially general dentists do not have adherence to professional guidelines for antibiotics prescription in children despite their awareness of antibiotic resistance and prescription guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T09:02:37Z","timestamp":1624698157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The prescription pattern and awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis and resistance among a group of Egyptian pediatric and general dentists: a cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mariam Mohsen","family":"Aly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa Aly","family":"Elchaghaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR1","first-page":"132","volume":"2","author":"K Suchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Suchi K, Praveen J. Antibiotics in dentistry\u2014a boon or bane? J Dent App. 2015;2(1):132\u20137.","journal-title":"J Dent App"},{"key":"1685_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_19","volume":"9","author":"D Goel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goel D, Goel GK, Chaudhary S, Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: a review. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2020;9:473\u201380.","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"7 July","key":"1685_CR3","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"S Ahsan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahsan S, Hydrie MZI, Naqvi SMZH, Shaikh MA, Shah MZ, Jafry SIA. Antibiotic prescription patterns for treating dental infections in children among general and pediatric dentists in teaching institutions of Karachi, Pakistan. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(7 July):1\u201311.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12727","volume":"65","author":"S Sukumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sukumar S, Martin FE, Hughes TE, Adler CJ. Think before you prescribe: how dentistry contributes to antibiotic resistance. Aust Dent J. 2020;65(1):21\u20139.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1685_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsfdj.2018.104","volume":"9","author":"A Patrick","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patrick A, Kandiah T. Resistance to change: how much longer will our antibiotics work? Fac Dent J. 2018;9(3):103\u201311.","journal-title":"Fac Dent J"},{"issue":"12","key":"1685_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ196","volume":"60","author":"J Carlet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carlet J. The world alliance against antibiotic resistance: consensus for a declaration. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(12):1837\u201341.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"1685_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.25301\/JPDA.293.120","volume":"29","author":"A Liaquat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liaquat A, Fatima Jaffery M, Usman M, Faraz Tayyab T, Saeed T, Naheed A. Are dentists prescribing the antibiotics in justified conditions? An exploratory study. J Pak Dent Assoc. 2020;29(03):120\u20133.","journal-title":"J Pak Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"1685_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12643","volume":"63","author":"L Teoh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Teoh L, Stewart K, Marino R, McCullough M. Antibiotic resistance and relevance to general dental practice in Australia. Aust Dent J. 2018;63(4):414\u201321.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1685_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"O Oyiborhoro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oyiborhoro O. Challenges of inappropriate antibiotic prescription in dentistry and threat of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries\u2014medicinal plants to the rescue. Altern Integr Med. 2020;9(3):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Altern Integr Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1685_CR10","first-page":"133","volume":"20","author":"B Aidasani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aidasani B, Solankis M, Khetarpal S, Ravi PS. Antibiotics: their use and misuse in paediatric dentistry. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019;20(2):133\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2012.0015","volume":"143","author":"WR Cherry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cherry WR, Lee JY, Shugars DA, White RP, Vann WF. Antibiotic use for treating dental infections in children: a survey of dentists\u2032 prescribing practices. J Am Dent Assoc. 2012;143(1):31\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1685_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.180444","volume":"34","author":"S Konde","year":"2016","unstructured":"Konde S, Jairam LS, Peethambar P, Noojady SR, Kumar NC. Antibiotic overusage and resistance: a cross-sectional survey among pediatric dentists. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2016;34(2):145\u201351.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"issue":"7","key":"1685_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.196072","volume":"20","author":"K Al-Johani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Johani K, Reddy S, Al Mushayt A, El-Housseiny A. Pattern of prescription of antibiotics among dental practitioners in Jeddah, KSA: a cross-sectional survey. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20(7):804\u201310.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR14","first-page":"25","volume":"41","author":"S Vasudavan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vasudavan S, Grunes B, Mcgeachie J, Sonis A. Antibiotic prescribing patterns among dental professionals in Massachusetts. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41(1):25\u201330.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"1685_CR15","first-page":"383","volume":"40","author":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry","year":"2018","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Use of antibiotic therapy for pediatric dental patients. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(6):383\u20135.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"1685_CR16","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental patients at risk for infection. Pediatr Dent. 2020:447\u2013452."},{"issue":"15","key":"1685_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183095","volume":"116","author":"W Wilson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wilson W, Taubert KA, Gewitz M, et al. Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116(15):1736\u201354.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"1685_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c94","DOI":"10.1159\/000312871","volume":"115","author":"G Tripepi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tripepi G, Jager KJ, Dekker FW, Zoccali C. Selection bias and information bias in clinical research. Nephron Clin Pract. 2010;115(2):c94\u20139.","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"1685_CR19","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Antibiotic resistance: multi-country public awareness survey. WHO Press. 2015; pp. 1\u201351."},{"issue":"7","key":"1685_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03849-0","volume":"39","author":"A Baudet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baudet A, Kichenbrand C, Pulcini C, et al. Antibiotic use and resistance: a nationwide questionnaire survey among French dentists. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(7):1295\u2013303.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1685_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.86368","volume":"29","author":"F Peedikayil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peedikayil F. Antibiotics: use and misuse in pediatric dentistry. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011;29(4):282.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12146","volume":"65","author":"SS Oberoi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oberoi SS, Dhingra C, Sharma G, Sardana D. Antibiotics in dental practice: how justified are we. Int Dent J. 2015;65(1):4\u201310.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1685_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0882-6","volume":"19","author":"L Teoh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teoh L, Marino RJ, Stewart K, McCullough MJ. A survey of prescribing practices by general dentists in Australia. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1685_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1093\/jssam\/smy013","volume":"7","author":"N Wl\u00f6mert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wl\u00f6mert N, Pellenwessel D, Fox JP, Clement M. Multidimensional assessment of social desirability bias: an application of multiscale item randomized response theory to measure academic misconduct. J Surv Stat Methodol. 2019;7(3):365\u201397.","journal-title":"J Surv Stat Methodol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T10:09:29Z","timestamp":1699178969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1685"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-021-01685-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Scientific Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University (19-7-85). Before answering the questionnaire, all the participants in the study gave their consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"322"}}