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The PBF of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. For orthodontic patients, the PBF was measured at 1\u00a0day (T1), 1 month (T2), and 3 months (T3) after fixed appliance removal. Non-orthodontic patient PBF was measured as a control. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations before and after orthodontic treatment were performed for orthodontic patients to measure the root resorption. The anterior teeth in orthodontic group were further divided into subgroups according to root resorption and patient age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At T1 and T3, PBF changes did not differ significantly between the orthodontic and non-orthodontic groups. Maxillary lateral incisor, maxillary central incisor, and mandibular lateral incisor PBFs at T2 were significantly higher in the orthodontic group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021). No significant difference in PBF was found between the root resorption and non-resorption subgroups at any time point. Adolescent patients showed a higher PBF in the maxillary lateral incisor at T2 (12.23\u2009\u00b1\u20093.48) relative to that at T1 (9.10\u2009\u00b1\u20093.76) and T3 (9.81\u2009\u00b1\u20092.80) with statistically significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For bimaxillary protrusion patients with four premolars extraction, PBF in the maxillary anterior teeth increased transiently after orthodontic appliance removal and then returned to non-orthodontic levels 3 months later. This effect was more pronounced in adolescents. The PBF of anterior teeth after orthodontic retraction may not be influenced by root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02559-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T09:03:26Z","timestamp":1668675806000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pulp blood flow changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth after orthodontic retraction: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Runzhi","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2559_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.2319\/070714-476.1","volume":"85","author":"YP Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang YP, Li WR. 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All study participants or their guardians provided written informed consent to participate in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The written informed consent was obtained from the participant for publication of Fig.\u00a0.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"508"}}