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At Days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the pH of the AS medium was measured and 3.0\u00a0ml of AS was collected and stored at -20\u00b0C for elemental analysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant changes in pH were observed on Days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in the AS of the AW group. However, these changes were only observed in the B group on Days 0 and 7. The fake samples released a large quantity of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) ions, at concentrations exceeding 100\u00a0mg\/L, post-28\u00a0days of immersion. The control and fake braces samples released other ions; such as lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and aluminium (Al); at concentrations that did not exceed 10\u00a0mg\/L.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The pH of the AS of all the samples increased post-incubation. Only 10 ions; namely, Na, Li, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Al; were detected in the AS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03339-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T14:01:56Z","timestamp":1694872916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An assessment of the pH changes and metal ions released into artificial saliva by fake orthodontic braces"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Riyam","family":"Haleem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noor Ayuni Ahmad","family":"Shafiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3339_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01224-1","volume":"20","author":"Z Hakami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hakami Z, Chung HS, Moafa S, Nasser H, Sowadi H, Saheb S, et al. 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