{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T18:05:15Z","timestamp":1783533915607,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700179200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009827","name":"Alexandria University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent chronic health problem in young children, and it can be arrested using professionally applied fluoride such as Sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish and Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF). This trial compared two interventions to arrest ECC lesions: 38% SDF combined with 5% NaF varnish versus 38% SDF and assessed whether the arrest rate was affected by baseline lesion severity measured by ICDAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children aged\u2009\u2264\u20094 years from 4 nurseries in a rural area in Alexandria, Egypt joined the study in March 2022. They were included if they had at least one active carious lesion with ICDAS codes\u2009\u2265\u20093. They were randomized to receive either 38% SDF with 5% NaF varnish or 38% SDF alone. In both groups, the agents were applied at baseline and after 6 months on the caries lesions. NaF was additionally applied on all teeth in the oral cavity, and it was also applied after three months. The primary outcome was lesion arrest status after six months. Parents\u2019 satisfaction with their children\u2019s appearance was the secondary outcome. Pearson Chi-Square test was used for bivariate comparison and multi-level multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of the intervention on caries arrest controlling for confounders. The interaction between the intervention and baseline lesion severity (categorized into moderate and severe lesions) was assessed and the p value was calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 1606 lesions in 220 children, median (IQR) age\u2009=\u200948(9) months. The percentages of arrested lesions after the application of SDF\u2009+\u2009NaF and SDF only were 77.7% and 73.2% (p\u2009=\u20090.035). In multivariable analysis, SDF\u2009+\u2009NaF had significantly greater caries arrest effect than SDF alone (AOR\u2009=\u20092.12, p\u2009=\u20090.03) with significant difference (p\u2009=\u20090.03) between moderate (AOR\u2009=\u20094.10, p\u2009=\u20090.005) and advanced (AOR\u2009=\u20091.92, p\u2009=\u20090.08) lesions. Most parents were satisfied with their children\u2019s appearance with no significant difference between groups (SDF\u2009+\u2009NaF\u2009=\u200984.5%, SDF\u2009=\u200978.18%, p\u2009=\u20090.23).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SDF\u2009+\u2009NaF had a higher arrest rate than SDF alone and this difference was significant in moderate but not advanced lesions. The findings have implications for the non-invasive management of ECC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (#NCT05642494).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03597-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1700226192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Silver diamine fluoride with sodium fluoride varnish versus silver diamine fluoride in arresting early childhood caries: a 6-months follow up of a randomized field trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Enas B.","family":"Abdellatif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona K.","family":"El Kashlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"El Tantawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3597_CR1","unstructured":"Dentistry AAOP. 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This trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (#NCT05642494). The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration. The research procedures, risks and benefits were explained to the parents, and they were asked to sign an informed consent form.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Maha El Tantawi is a Senior Board Member at BMC Oral Health. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"875"}}