{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:28:26Z","timestamp":1787502506326,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002352","name":"Ain Shams University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) on the microleakage of flowable resin composite (FRC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations bound to carious primary dentin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-four extracted carious primary molars were allocated into four groups as follows (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200911 teeth\/group): Group I, Flowable resin composite (FRCa): SDF38% treatment + FRC, Group II, Flowable resin composite (FRCb): FRC without SDF treatment, Group III, Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GICa): SDF38% treatment + GIC, Group IV, Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GICb): GIC without SDF treatment. Specimens were subjected to thermo cycling at 500\u2009cycles between 5 to 55\u2009\u00b0C (dwell time of 60\u2009seconds) in baths before being immersed for 24\u2009h in a 1% toluidine blue solution. Microleakage testing was conducted for each specimen in two areas; occlusal and gingival. Specimens were evaluated under stereomicroscope at 4x magnification. Results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by pairwise comparisons utilizing Dunn\u2019s post hoc test at\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Insignificant differences between different groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.49) were observed at the gingival walls area readings. The highest value was found in GICb (2.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.52), while the lowest value was found in FRCa (1.71\u2009\u00b1\u20090.76). Insignificant differences between different groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.982) were observed at the occlusal walls area readings. The highest value was found in FRCa (1.43\u2009\u00b1\u20090.98), while the lowest value was found in GICb (1.17\u2009\u00b1\u20091.33).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SDF does not adversely affect the microleakage of FRC and GIC restorations bound to carious primary dentin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T10:02:37Z","timestamp":1705399357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of silver diamine fluoride on the microleakage of flowable resin composite and glass ionomer cement restorations to carious primary dentin: an-in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Osama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira Saad","family":"Badran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basma Gamal","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"3861_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)60031-2","volume":"369","author":"RH Selwitz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Selwitz RH, Ismail AI, Pitts NB. Dental caries. Lancet. 2007;369(4):51\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)60031-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408301s08","volume":"83","author":"JDB Featherstone","year":"2004","unstructured":"Featherstone JDB. The continuum of dental caries - evidence for a dynamic disease process. J Dent Res. 2004;83(1):39\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/154405910408301s08.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"3861_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.15520\/jcmro.v3i09.340","volume":"3","author":"N Showkat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Showkat N, Singh G, Singla K, Sareen K, Chowdhury C, Jindal L. Minimal invasive dentistry: literature review. Curr Med Res Opin. 2020;3(9):631\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15520\/jcmro.v3i09.340.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"7","key":"3861_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/9128.4583","volume":"8","author":"MM Jingarwar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jingarwar MM, Bajwa NK, Pathak A. Minimal intervention dentistry - A new frontier in clinical dentistry. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2014;8(7):4\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/9128.4583.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagnostic Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034508329406","volume":"88","author":"A Rosenblatt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rosenblatt A, Stamford TCM, Niederman R. Silver diamine fluoride: A caries \u201cSilver-Fluoride Bullet.\u201d J Dent Res. 2009;88(2):116\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034508329406.","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"3861_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.06.009","volume":"41","author":"ML Mei","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mei ML, Ito L, Cao Y, Li QL, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Inhibitory effect of silver diamine fluoride on dentine demineralization and collagen degradation. J Dent. 2013;41(9):809\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.06.009.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"3861_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.12.007","volume":"42","author":"ML Mei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mei ML, Ito L, Cao Y, Lo ECM, Li QL, Chu CH. An ex vivo study of arrested primary teeth caries with silver diamine fluoride therapy. J Dent. 2014;42(4):395\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.12.007.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2011.01149","volume":"22","author":"CH Chu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chu CH, Mei L, Seneviratne CJ, Lo EC. Effects of silver diamine fluoride on dentine carious lesions induced by Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii biofilms. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22(1):2\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2011.01149.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517728496","volume":"97","author":"MHT Fung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fung MHT, Duangthip D, Wong MCM, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Randomized clinical trial of 12 and 38% silver diamine fluoride treatment. J Dent Res. 2018;97(2):171\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034517728496.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3861_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1159\/000478668","volume":"51","author":"AC Chibinski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chibinski AC, Wambier LM, Feltrin J, Loguercio AD, Wambier DS, Reis A. Silver diamine fluoride has efficacy in controlling caries progression in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Caries Res. 2017;51(5):527\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000478668.","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"3861_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/0810767","volume":"81","author":"CH Chu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chu CH, Lo ECM, Lin HC. Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnish in arresting dentin caries in chinese pre-school children. J Dent Res. 2002;81(11):767\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0810767.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3861_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.93518","volume":"25","author":"CR Chibinski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chibinski CR, A. The use of silver diamine fluoride in pediatric dentistry. Dent Caries. 2021;25(3):2840\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.93518.","journal-title":"Dent Caries"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR13","first-page":"139","volume":"176","author":"Poulose.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Poulose. UCSF protocol for caries arrest using silver diamine fluoride: rationale, indications, and consent. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2016;176(1):139\u201348 PMID: 26897901.","journal-title":"J Calif Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.18502\/fid.v19i12.9215","volume":"3","author":"B Alvear Fa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alvear Fa B, Arron J, Wong A, Young D. Silver modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART). Stoma Edu J. 2016;3(2):18\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/fid.v19i12.9215.","journal-title":"Stoma Edu J."},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s41406-021-0199-1","volume":"28","author":"R Modasia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Modasia R, Modasia D. Application of silver diamine fluoride as part of the atraumatic restorative technique. BDJ Student. 2021;28(2):42\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41406-021-0199-1.","journal-title":"BDJ Student"},{"key":"3861_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.2341\/11-344-L","volume":"37","author":"RL Quock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Quock RL, Barros JA, Yang SW, et al. Effect of silver diamine fluoride on micro tensile bond strength to dentin. Oper Dent. 2012;37:610\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2341\/11-344-L.","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"3861_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.21608\/adjalexu.2020.35954.1085","volume":"46","author":"N Soliman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soliman N, Bakry NS, Mohy El Din M, Talaat D. Effect of silver diamine fluoride pretreatment on microleakage and shear bond strength of resin modified glass ionomer cement to primary dentin (in-vitro study). Alex Dent J. 2021;46(3):151\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/adjalexu.2020.35954.1085.","journal-title":"Alex Dent J."},{"issue":"6","key":"3861_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.22122\/johoe.v10i1.1110","volume":"19","author":"J Perez-Hernandez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perez-Hernandez J, Aguilar-Diaz FC, Venegas-Lancon RD, Gayosso CAA, Villanueva-Vilchis MC, Fuente-Hernandez J. Effect of silver diamine fluoride on adhesion and microleakage of a pit and fissure sealant to tooth enamel: in vitro trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2018;19(6):411\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22122\/johoe.v10i1.1110.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent."},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A, Buchner A. G* power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39(2):175\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/bf03193146.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"3861_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.25241\/stomaeduj.2016.3(3-4).art.15","volume":"3","author":"B Alvear Fa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alvear Fa B, Jew JA, Wong A, Young DA. Silver modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART): an alternative caries prevention tool. Stoma Edu J. 2016;3:243\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25241\/stomaeduj.2016.3(3-4).art.15.","journal-title":"Stoma Edu J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR21","first-page":"16","volume":"44","author":"JA Horst","year":"2016","unstructured":"Horst JA, Ellenikiotis H, Milgrom PM. UCSF protocol for caries arrest using silver diamine fluoride: rationale, indications and consent. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2016;44(1):16\u201328.","journal-title":"J Calif Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"3861_CR22","first-page":"492","volume":"40","author":"Chairside guide","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chairside guide. Silver diamine fluoride in the management of dental caries lesions. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(6):492\u20133 PMID: 32074924.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"3861_CR23","unstructured":"Ultra-dent products Instruction for Use. Ultra-dent products, USA. 2022. https:\/\/assets.ctfassets.net\/wfptrcrbtkd0\/72DCGvbZJ7Pce2kiHmhESR\/b1982450f24c62f00754cc14157816a8\/Ultra-Etch-Etchant-IFU-18005AR20.pdf."},{"key":"3861_CR24","unstructured":"Voco dental products Instructions for use. Voco, Germany. 2012. https:\/\/www.voco.dental\/au\/portaldata\/1\/resources\/products\/instructions-for-use\/e1\/bondfix_ifu_e1.pdf."},{"key":"3861_CR25","unstructured":"Wave-SDI products instructions for use. SDI, North America. 2021. https:\/\/www.sdi.com.au\/au\/en-eu\/product\/wave\/."},{"key":"3861_CR26","unstructured":"3m-ketac-conditioner-cee.pdf. 2016. https:\/\/multimedia.3m.com\/mws\/media\/2122507O\/3m-ketac-conditioner-cee.pdf."},{"key":"3861_CR27","unstructured":"GC Corporation Fuji II LC capsule instructions for use. GC Corporation Tokyo, Japan. 2008. https:\/\/www.manualslib.com\/manual\/1497627\/Gc-Corporation-Fuji-Ii-Lc-Capsule.html#manual."},{"issue":"3","key":"3861_CR28","first-page":"105","volume":"6","author":"I Uzel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Uzel I, Ulukent O, Cogulu D. The effect of silver diamine fluoride on microleakage of resin composite. J Int Dent Medical Res. 2013;6(3):105\u20138.","journal-title":"J Int Dent Medical Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3861_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-7-5-26","volume":"7","author":"C Silveira de Araujo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Silveira de Araujo C, Incerti da Silva T, Ogliari FA, Meireles SS, Piva E, Demarco FF. Microleakage of seven adhesive systems in enamel and dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2006;7(5):26\u201333.","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"3861_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-002-0182-3","volume":"6","author":"E Piva","year":"2002","unstructured":"Piva E, Meinhardt L, Demarco FF, Powers JM. Dyes for caries detection: influence on composite and compomer microleakage. Clin Oral Investig. 2002;6(4):244\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-002-0182-3.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"3861_CR31","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria. 2023.  http:\/\/www.r-project.org\/index.html."},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1745-7599.2008.00367.X","volume":"21","author":"LE Kagihara","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kagihara LE, Niederhauser VP, Stark M. Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2009;21(1):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1745-7599.2008.00367.X.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Nurse Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.107257","volume":"4","author":"H \u00c7olak","year":"2013","unstructured":"\u00c7olak H, D\u00fclgergil \u00c7T, Dalli M. Early childhood caries update: A review of causes, diagnoses, and treatments. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2013;4(1):29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0976-9668.107257.","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"3861_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-60826-8.00024-9","volume":"40","author":"JA Townsend","year":"2019","unstructured":"Townsend JA, Wells MH. Behavior guidance of the pediatric dental patient. Pediatr Dent. 2019;40:352-370.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-60826-8.00024-9.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2018.08.011","volume":"63","author":"Y Crystal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Crystal Y, Niederman R. Evidence-based dentistry update on silver diamine fluoride. Dent Clin N Am. 2019;63(1):45\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cden.2018.08.011.","journal-title":"Dent Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.82603","volume":"14","author":"A Gupta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gupta A, Sinha N, Logani A, Shah N. An ex vivo study to evaluate the remineralizing and antimicrobial efficacy of silver diamine fluoride and glass ionomer cement type VII for their proposed use as indirect pulp capping materials: part I. J Conserv Dent. 2011;14(2):113\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0972-0707.82603.","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-1030-z","volume":"20","author":"M Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang M, Mei ML, Wong MCM, Chu CH, Lo ECM. Effect of silver diamine fluoride solution application on the bond strength of dentine to adhesives and to glass ionomer cements: A systematic review. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20(1):1\u201310.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"3861_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.06.010","volume":"31","author":"N Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang N, Melo MAS, Chen C, Liu J, Weir MD, Bai Y, et al. Development of a multifunctional adhesive system for prevention of root caries and secondary caries. Den Mater. 2015;31:1119\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2015.06.010.","journal-title":"Den Mater"},{"key":"3861_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Duangthip D, Chen KJ, Gao SS, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Managing early childhood caries with atraumatic restorative treatment and topical silver and fluoride agents. Int J Envir Res Public Health. 2017;14(10) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph14101204.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14101204"},{"key":"3861_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1159\/000488686","volume":"53","author":"BH Oliveira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oliveira BH, Rajendra A, Veitz-Keenan A, Niederman R. The effect of silver diamine fluoride in preventing caries in the primary dentition: A systematic review and Meta-analysis. Caries Res. 2019;53:24\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000488686.","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"3861_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20208","volume":"37","author":"AC Aranha","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aranha AC, Turbino ML, Powell GL, Eduardo CP. Assessing microleakage of class V resin composite restorations after Er:YAG laser and bur preparation. Lasers Surg Med. 2005;37:172\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.20208.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3861_CR42","first-page":"153","volume":"12","author":"H Triadan","year":"1987","unstructured":"Triadan H. When is microleakage a real clinical problem? Oper Dent. 1987;12(4):153\u20137 PMID: 3506998.","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345750540013401","volume":"54","author":"PH Jacobsen","year":"1975","unstructured":"Jacobsen PH, Von Fraunhofer JA. Assessment of microleakage using a conductimetric technique. J Dent Res. 1975;54(1):41\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00220345750540013401.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"3861_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820140404","volume":"14","author":"S Crisp","year":"1980","unstructured":"Crisp S, Wilson A. Radioactive tracer technique for monitoring of microleakage: an interim report. J Biomed Mater Res. 1980;14:373\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.820140404.","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"3861_CR45","first-page":"164","volume":"12","author":"M Trowbridge","year":"1987","unstructured":"Trowbridge M. Model systems for determining biologic effects of microleakage. Oper Dent. 1987;12:164\u201372 PMID: 3507000.","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"key":"3861_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4804895","volume":"153","author":"AC Shortall","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shortall AC. Microleakage, marginal adaptation and composite resin restorations. Br Dent J. 1982;153:223\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bdj.4804895.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"3861_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(87)90002-9","volume":"15","author":"MA Fayyad","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fayyad MA, Shortall AC. Microleakage of dentine bonded posterior composite restorations. J Dent. 1987;15:67\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0300-5712(87)90002-9.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"3861_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(88)90006-1","volume":"16","author":"J Jones","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jones J, Grieve A, Youngson C. Marginal leakage associated with three posterior restorative materials. J Dent. 1988;16(3):130\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0300-5712(88)90006-1.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/jcd.jcd_485_18","volume":"22","author":"J Gupta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gupta J, Thomas M, Radhakrishna M, Srikant N, Ginjupalli K. Effect of silver diamine fluoride-potassium iodide and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate cavity cleansers on the bond strength and microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Conserv Dent. 2019;22(2):30\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcd.jcd_485_18.","journal-title":"J Conserv Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"3861_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.31487\/j.ORD.2018.01.002","volume":"1","author":"J Kwak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kwak J, Chiquet B, Ontiveros J, Cardenas A, Salako N, Barros J, Quock R, et al. J Oral Rehabil. 2018;1(1):5\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31487\/j.ORD.2018.01.002.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil."},{"issue":"2","key":"3861_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.21608\/adjg.2022.54653.1324","volume":"9","author":"D Hassanen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassanen D, Mostafa M, Hashem S. The effect of silver diamine fluoride on microleakage and shear bond strength of glass ionomer. Al-Azhar Dent J Girls. 2022;9(2):341\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/adjg.2022.54653.1324.","journal-title":"Al-Azhar Dent J Girls"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T10:02:46Z","timestamp":1705399366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3861"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03861-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University with reference number (FDASU-RecEM012006). All methods were performed according to the ethical principles of Declaration of Helsinki. Parents gave their informed consent to use their children\u2019s teeth for research purpose orally, which was previously.approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}