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Periodontal parameters (periodontal probing depth: PPD; recession: REC; bleeding on probing: BOP) as well as plaque and gingival index were assessed on mandibular anterior teeth directly before attaching\/handing over the retainer (baseline: BL), 6 and 12 months after orthodontic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>37 patients (test: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915, mean age: 16.1\u00b14.2 years; control: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917, mean age: 17.1\u00b15.4 years) completed the study. REC and PPD failed to show significant pairwise differences. The number of patients showing gingival health in the area of the mandibular anterior teeth (test: BL <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, 6 months <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099, 12 months <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200911; control: BL <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, 6 months <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916, 12 months <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) revealed a significant difference for the intra-group comparison between BL and 6 months in the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043). The inter-group comparisons failed to show significant differences.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Young orthodontically treated patients with fixed steel retainers show in 73.3% healthy gingival conditions after one year which are comparable to the control group (88.2%). Gingival recessions were in a clinically non-relevant range at any time of the examination.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>DRKS00016710.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03998-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T13:02:34Z","timestamp":1707915754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Influence of fixed orthodontic steel retainers on gingival health and recessions of mandibular anterior teeth in an intact periodontium - a randomized, clinical controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hari","family":"Petsos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Usherenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iulia","family":"Dahmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Eickholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Sayahpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3998_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70200-9","volume":"117","author":"Thilander","year":"2000","unstructured":"Thilander B. 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