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This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HIV infection as well as exposure on salivary properties and their influence upon the dental caries experience among school-aged children in Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This cross-sectional study assessed the salivary flow rates and salivary pH of HIV infected and exposed school-aged (4\u201311) children receiving care at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. A total of 266 consenting participants which comprised of three groups as follows: (1) HIV Infected (HI) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200987), (2) HIV Exposed and Uninfected (HEU) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200982) and (3) HIV Unexposed and Uninfected (HUU) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200997) were recruited for the study. Questionnaires completed by parents\/guardians were used for data collection. Three calibrated dentists performed oral examinations for dental caries. International Caries Detection and Assessment Scores (ICDAS) was used and presented as dmft\/DMFT. Salivary pH was measured using MColourpHast\u2122 pH indicator strips, while salivary flow rate was determined by collecting unstimulated whole saliva using the suction method. Data analysis relied on comparative statistics to determine the correlation between HIV exposure and infection on salivary pH and flow rates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Across the groups, (HI, HEU, and HUU) mean pH of the HI was significantly less than that of HEU and HUU. Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference in the SFR across the three groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). Other variables such as gender, age and oral hygiene status expressed by the gingival inflammatory scores had no significant influence on the pH and SFR of study participants. There was a rather unexpected positive correlation of DMFT of HI and HEU groups with increasing salivary flow rate; though, the relationship was weak and not significant.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Perinatal HIV exposure and infection significantly impact salivary pH and flow rate among school-aged children in Nigeria. The findings of this study imply that HIV infection influenced the salivary pH, while HIV maternal exposure (without infection) impacted salivary flow rates when compared to the controls.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04159-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T06:01:58Z","timestamp":1713247318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of perinatal HIV exposure and infection on salivary properties among Nigerian children"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Nonso E.","family":"Onyia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esosa","family":"Osagie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Akhigbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nosakhare L.","family":"Idemudia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ozo","family":"Obuekwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustine","family":"Omoigberale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Modupe O.","family":"Coker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1159\/000077753","volume":"38","author":"O Fejerskov","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fejerskov O. 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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of ethics approval"}},{"value":"All the study activities, benefits\/risks of voluntary participation, and withdrawal from the study were verbally communicated to parents\/guardians or caregivers in English and\/or pidgin English. Questions were asked to confirm that they understood the study, and written informed consent was obtained before recruitment.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"460"}}