{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T23:00:05Z","timestamp":1771628405484,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research and Development Project of Stomatology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine","award":["No.RD2022DLYB06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.RD2022DLYB06"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022963","name":"Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.2022C03088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2022C03088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No.82170953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.82170953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Program of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["No.LR23H140001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.LR23H140001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of the combination technique of strip free gingival grafts (SFGG) and xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) in augmenting the width of keratinized mucosa (KMW) around dental implants, and compare its efficacy with the historical control group (FGG).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirteen patients with at least one site with KMW\u2009\u2264\u20092\u00a0mm after implant surgery were included and received SFGG in combination with XCM. Another thirteen patients with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria from the previous trial received FGG alone. The same outcomes as the previous trial were evaluated. KMW, thickness of keratinized mucosa (KMT), gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD) were measured at baseline, 2 and 6 months. Postoperative pain, patient satisfaction and aesthetic outcomes were also assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At 6 months after surgery, the combination technique could attain 3.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u00a0mm of KMW. No significant change could be detected in GI or PD at 6 months compared to those at 2 months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The postoperative pain and patient satisfaction in VAS were 2.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 and 9.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2. The total score of aesthetic outcomes was 3.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2. In the historical FGG group, 4.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u00a0mm of KMW was reported at 6 months, and the total score of aesthetic outcomes was higher than the combination technique (4.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7 vs. 3.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The combination technique of SFGG and XCM could increase KMW and maintain peri-implant health. However, this combination technique was associated with inferior augmentation and aesthetic outcomes compared with FGG alone.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This clinical trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR2200057670 on 15\/03\/2022.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T12:01:30Z","timestamp":1716984090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A combination technique of strip free gingival grafts and xenogeneic collagen matrix in augmenting keratinized mucosa around dental implants: a single-arm clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jia-Ping","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Hui","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"4184_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tavelli L, Barootchi S, Avila-Ortiz G, Urban IA, Giannobile WV, Wang HL. Peri-implant soft tissue phenotype modification and its impact on peri-implant health: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Periodontol. 2020;92(1):21\u201344.","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0716"},{"key":"4184_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050393","volume":"77","author":"DM Chung","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chung DM, Oh TJ, Shotwell JL, Misch CE, Wang HL. Significance of keratinized mucosa in maintenance of dental implants with different surfaces. J Periodontol. 2006;77:1410\u201320.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01795.x","volume":"20","author":"AR Schrott","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schrott AR, Jimenez M, Hwang JW, Fiorellini J, Weber HP. Five-year evaluation of the influence of keratinized mucosa on peri-implant soft-tissue health and stability around implants supporting full-arch mandibular fixed prostheses. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20:1170\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"4184_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.120688","volume":"84","author":"GH Lin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin GH, Chan HL, Wang HL. The significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health: a systematic review. J Periodontol. 2013;84:1755\u201367.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33042","volume":"102","author":"C Brito","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brito C, Tenenbaum HC, Wong BK, Schmitt C, Nogueira-Filho G. Is keratinized mucosa indispensable to maintain peri-implant health? A systematic review of the literature. J Biomedical Mater Res Part B Appl Biomaterials. 2014;102:643\u201350.","journal-title":"J Biomedical Mater Res Part B Appl Biomaterials"},{"key":"4184_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13432","volume":"30","author":"J Grischke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grischke J, Karch A, Wenzlaff A, Foitzik MM, Stiesch M, Eberhard J. Keratinized mucosa width is associated with severity of peri-implant mucositis. A cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2019;30:457\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"4184_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13381","volume":"29","author":"J Perussolo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perussolo J, Souza AB, Matarazzo F, Oliveira RP, Araujo MG. Influence of the keratinized mucosa on the stability of peri-implant tissues and brushing discomfort: a 4-year follow-up study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29:1177\u201385.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 23","key":"4184_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13766","volume":"33","author":"A Ramanauskaite","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramanauskaite A, Schwarz F, Sader R. Influence of width of keratinized tissue on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2022;33(Suppl 23):8\u201331.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"4184_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01784.x","volume":"20","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Benic GI, Zwahlen M, Hammerle CH, Jung RE. A systematic review assessing soft tissue augmentation techniques. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20(Suppl 4):146\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"4184_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12045","volume":"66","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Muhlemann S, Jung RE. Critical soft-tissue dimensions with dental implants and treatment concepts. Periodontol 2000. 2014;66:106\u201318.","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"4184_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13114","volume":"29","author":"DS Thoma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thoma DS, Naenni N, Figuero E, et al. Effects of soft tissue augmentation procedures on peri-implant health or disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29(Suppl 15):32\u201349.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"4184_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13518","volume":"48","author":"JP Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang JP, Liu JM, Wu YM, et al. Clinical evaluation of xenogeneic collagen matrix versus free gingival grafts for keratinized mucosa augmentation around dental implants: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48:1293\u2013301.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050296","volume":"77","author":"TJ Griffin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Griffin TJ, Cheung WS, Zavras AI, Damoulis PD. Postoperative complications following gingival augmentation procedures. J Periodontol. 2006;77:2070\u20139.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12287","volume":"81","author":"T Chackartchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chackartchi T, Romanos GE, Sculean A. Soft tissue-related complications and management around dental implants. Periodontol 2000. 2019;81:124\u201338.","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"4184_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100619","volume":"82","author":"JH Fu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fu JH, Hasso DG, Yeh CY, Leong DJ, Chan HL, Wang HL. The accuracy of identifying the greater palatine neurovascular bundle: a cadaver study. J Periodontol. 2011;82:1000\u20136.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01460.x","volume":"36","author":"M Sanz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sanz M, Lorenzo R, Aranda JJ, Martin C, Orsini M. Clinical evaluation of a new collagen matrix (mucograft prototype) to enhance the width of keratinized tissue in patients with fixed prosthetic restorations: a randomized prospective clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2009;36:868\u201376.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120084","volume":"84","author":"CM Schmitt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmitt CM, Tudor C, Kiener K, et al. Vestibuloplasty: porcine collagen matrix versus free gingival graft: a clinical and histologic study. J Periodontol. 2013;84:914\u201323.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e125","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12575","volume":"27","author":"CM Schmitt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schmitt CM, Moest T, Lutz R, Wehrhan F, Neukam FW, Schlegel KA. Long-term outcomes after vestibuloplasty with a porcine collagen matrix (mucograft((R))) versus the free gingival graft: a comparative prospective clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27:e125\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"4184_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.2287","volume":"35","author":"IA Urban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Urban IA, Lozada JL, Nagy K, Sanz M. Treatment of severe mucogingival defects with a combination of strip gingival grafts and a xenogeneic collagen matrix: a prospective case series study. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2015;35:345\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"key":"4184_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"015010","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-6041\/6\/1\/015010","volume":"6","author":"S Ghanaati","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghanaati S, Schlee M, Webber MJ, et al. Evaluation of the tissue reaction to a new bilayered collagen matrix in vivo and its translation to the clinic. Biomedical Mater (Bristol England). 2011;6:015010.","journal-title":"Biomedical Mater (Bristol England)"},{"key":"4184_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3921","volume":"39","author":"IA Urban","year":"2019","unstructured":"Urban IA, Nagy K, Werner S, Meyer M. Evaluation of the combination of Strip Gingival grafts and a Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix for the treatment of severe Mucogingival defects: a human histologic study. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2019;39:9\u201314.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"key":"4184_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.130692","volume":"85","author":"MK McGuire","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGuire MK, Scheyer ET. Randomized, controlled clinical trial to evaluate a xenogeneic collagen matrix as an alternative to free gingival grafting for oral soft tissue augmentation. J Periodontol. 2014;85:1333\u201341.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.06.065","volume":"67","author":"JE Cillo Jr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cillo JE Jr., Finn R. Reconstruction of the shallow vestibule edentulous mandible with simultaneous split thickness skin graft vestibuloplasty and mandibular endosseous implants for implant-supported overdentures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:381\u20136.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"4184_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2320-y","volume":"22","author":"HC Lim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lim HC, An SC, Lee DW. A retrospective comparison of three modalities for vestibuloplasty in the posterior mandible: apically positioned flap only vs. free gingival graft vs. collagen matrix. Clin Oral Invest. 2018;22:2121\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"4184_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0351","volume":"91","author":"L Tavelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tavelli L, McGuire MK, Zucchelli G, et al. Extracellular matrix-based scaffolding technologies for periodontal and peri-implant soft tissue regeneration. J Periodontol. 2020;91:17\u201325.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130348","volume":"85","author":"ET Scheyer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scheyer ET, Nevins ML, Neiva R, et al. Generation of site-appropriate tissue by a living cellular sheet in the treatment of mucogingival defects. J Periodontol. 2014;85:e57\u201364.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"4184_CR27","first-page":"S123","volume":"41","author":"O Zuhr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zuhr O, Baumer D, Hurzeler M. The addition of soft tissue replacement grafts in plastic periodontal and implant surgery: critical elements in design and execution. J Clin Periodontol. 2014;41(Suppl 15):S123\u2013142.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.4912","volume":"40","author":"IA Urban","year":"2020","unstructured":"Urban IA, Tavelli L, Barootchi S, Wang HL, Barath Z. Labial Strip Gingival Graft for the Reconstruction of severely distorted Mucogingival defects: a prospective Case Series. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2020;40:845\u201352.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"key":"4184_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12357","volume":"42","author":"R Burkhardt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Burkhardt R, H\u00e4mmerle CH, Lang NP. Self-reported pain perception of patients after mucosal graft harvesting in the palatal area. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42:281\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"4184_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3581","volume":"38","author":"L Tavelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tavelli L, Asa\u2019ad F, Acunzo R, Pagni G, Consonni D, Rasperini G. Minimizing patient morbidity following Palatal Gingival Harvesting: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Study. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2018;38:e127\u201334.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"key":"4184_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2455-5","volume":"23","author":"L Tavelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tavelli L, Ravid\u00e0 A, Saleh MHA, et al. Pain perception following epithelialized gingival graft harvesting: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest. 2019;23:459\u201368.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"key":"4184_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0350","volume":"91","author":"G Zucchelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zucchelli G, Tavelli L, McGuire MK, et al. Autogenous soft tissue grafting for periodontal and peri-implant plastic surgical reconstruction. J Periodontol. 2020;91:9\u201316.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T12:01:42Z","timestamp":1716984102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04184-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by Stomatology Research Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (No.2022-023). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2013. All participants provided written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"634"}}