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AI can detect micro-features beyond human eyes and provide solution in critical diagnostic cases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The objective of this study was developing a software with all needed feeding data to act as AI-based program to diagnose oral diseases. So our research question was: <jats:italic>Can we develop a Computer-Aided Software for accurate diagnosis of oral diseases based on clinical and histopathological data inputs?<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study sample included clinical images, patient symptoms, radiographic images, histopathological images and texts for the oral diseases of interest in the current study (premalignant lesions, oral cancer, salivary gland neoplasms, immune mediated oral mucosal lesions, oral reactive lesions) total oral diseases enrolled in this study was 28 diseases retrieved from the archives of oral maxillofacial pathology department. Total 11,200 texts and 3000 images (2800 images were used for training data to the program and 100 images were used as test data to the program and 100 cases for calculating accuracy, sensitivity&amp; specificity).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The correct diagnosis rates for group 1 (software users), group 2 (microscopic users) and group 3 (hybrid) were 87%, 90.6, 95% respectively. The reliability for inter-observer value was done by calculating Cronbach\u2019s alpha and interclass correlation coefficient. The test revealed for group 1, 2 and 3 the following values respectively 0.934, 0.712 &amp; 0.703. All groups showed acceptable reliability especially for <jats:italic>Diagnosis Oral Diseases Software (DODS)<\/jats:italic> that revealed higher reliability value than other groups. However, The accuracy, sensitivity &amp; specificity of this software was lower than those of oral pathologists (master\u2019s degree).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The correct diagnosis rate of DODS was comparable to oral pathologists using standard microscopic examination. The DODS program could be utilized as diagnostic guidance tool with high reliability &amp; accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04347-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T15:02:37Z","timestamp":1716390157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The innovation of AI-based software in oral diseases: clinical-histopathological correlation diagnostic accuracy primary study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6559-0609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaimaa O.","family":"Zayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawan Y.M.","family":"Abd-Rabou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gomana M.","family":"Abdelhameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youssef","family":"Abdelhamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Khairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassam A.","family":"Abulnoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1047-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shereen Hafez","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5027-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heba","family":"Khaled","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"4347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801e805","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000156102.30133.2b","volume":"29","author":"JA Weydert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weydert JA, De Young BR, Cohen MB. 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The research ethical committee of faculty of dentistry (REC), Cairo University approved this study <b>(<\/b>approval number 22-4-23) and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later modifications. Written informed consent with an easy Arabic language as mother language of participants was signed by the recruited participants to permit the use of the clinical photos and other investigation data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form, the patient(s) has\/ have given his\/ her\/ their consent for his\/ her\/ their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published, and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"598"}}