{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:05:25Z","timestamp":1791824725885,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ege University Scientific Research Project Grant","award":["20739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20739"]}]},{"name":"Ege University Scientific Research Project Grant","award":["20739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20739"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the remineralization effects of a calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine) and of a glass ionomer cement (GIC: Fuji IX) on artificially demineralized dentin.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Four standard cavities were prepared in dentin discs prepared from 34 extracted sound human third molars. In each disc, one cavity was covered with an acid-resistant varnish before demineralization (Group 1). The specimens were soaked in a chemical demineralization solution for 96\u00a0h to induce artificial carious lesions. Thereafter, one cavity each was filled with Biodentine (Group 2) and GIC (Group 3), respectively, and one carious lesion was left unrestored as a negative control (Group 4). Next, specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 21 days. After cross-sectioning the specimens, the Ca\/P ratio was calculated in each specimen by using scanning electron microscopy\u2013energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Finally, data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni correction.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both cement types induced dentin remineralization as compared to Group 4. The Ca\/P ratio was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 3 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The dentin lesion remineralization capability of Biodentine is higher than that of GIC, suggesting the usefulness of the former as a bioactive dentin replacement material.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Biodentine has a higher remineralization ability than that of GIC for carious dentin, and its interfacial properties make it a promising bioactive dentin restorative material.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T11:29:07Z","timestamp":1719401347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison of remineralization ability of tricalcium silicate and of glass ionomer cement on residual dentin: an in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Elif","family":"Kuru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesrin","family":"Eronat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"T\u00fcrk\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dil\u015fah","family":"\u00c7o\u011fulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400948","volume":"14","author":"D Manton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Manton D. Partial caries removal may have advantages but limited evidence on restoration survival. Evid Based Dent. 2013;14(3):74\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400948.","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2017.672","volume":"223","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Frencken JE, Schwendicke F, Innes NPT. Contemporary operative caries management: consensus recommendations on minimally invasive caries removal. Br Dent J. 2017;223(3):215\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bdj.2017.672.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4475_CR3","first-page":"7","volume":"20","author":"CP Isolan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Isolan CP, Sarkis-Onofre R, Lima GS, Moraes RR. Bonding to sound and caries-affected dentin: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Adhes Dent. 2018;20(1):7\u201318.","journal-title":"J Adhes Dent"},{"issue":"33","key":"4475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.04.052","volume":"26","author":"S Ito","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ito S, Hashimoto M, Wadgaonkar B, Svizero N, Carvalho RM, Yiu C, Rueggeberg FA, Foulger S, Saito T, Nishitani Y, Yoshiyama M, Tay FR, Pashley DH. Effects of resin hydrophilicity on water sorption and changes in modulus of elasticity. Biomaterials. 2005;26(33):6449\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.04.052.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12309","volume":"60","author":"R Pinna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pinna R, Maioli M, Eramo S, Mura I, Milia E. Carious affected dentine: its behaviour in adhesive bonding. Aust Dent J. 2015;60(3):276\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/adj.12309.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"4475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim H, Choi A, Gong M-K, Park HR, Kim Y-I. (2020) Effect of Remineralized Collagen on Dentin Bond Strength through calcium phosphate ion clusters or Metastable Calcium Phosphate Solution. Nanomater (Basel, Switzerland), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10112203.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10112203"},{"key":"4475_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.25241\/stomaeduj.2018.5(4).edit.1","volume":"5","author":"R Price","year":"2018","unstructured":"Price R, Roulet J-F. The value of consensus conferences: peer review by 50 key opinion leaders! Stomatol EDU J. 2018;5:202\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25241\/stomaeduj.2018.5(4).edit.1.","journal-title":"Stomatol EDU J"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2008.10.009","volume":"25","author":"HHK Xu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu HHK, Weir MD, Sun L. Calcium and phosphate ion releasing composite: Effect of pH on release and mechanical properties. Dent Mater. 2009;25(4):535\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2008.10.009.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"12","key":"4475_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2018.09.005","volume":"34","author":"YA Al-Dulaijan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al-Dulaijan YA, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Sun J, Oates TW, Zhang K, Xu HHK. Protein-repellent nanocomposite with rechargeable calcium and phosphate for long-term ion release. Dent Mater. 2018;34(12):1735\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2018.09.005.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"4475_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13040208","author":"J Yun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yun J, Burrow MF, Matinlinna JP, Wang Y, Tsoi JKH. A narrative review of Bioactive Glass-Loaded Dental Resin composites. J Funct Biomater. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfb13040208.","journal-title":"J Funct Biomater"},{"issue":"1","key":"4475_CR11","first-page":"51","volume":"27","author":"O Zmener","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zmener O, Pameijer CH, Hern\u00e1ndez S. Resistance against bacterial leakage of four luting agents used for cementation of complete cast crowns. Am J Dent. 2014;27(1):51\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"4475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2018-039","volume":"38","author":"AS Khan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khan AS, Syed MR. A review of bioceramics-based dental restorative materials. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(2):163\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4012\/dmj.2018-039.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"8","key":"4475_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.09.008","volume":"34","author":"RW Billington","year":"2006","unstructured":"Billington RW, Williams JA, Pearson GJ. Ion processes in glass ionomer cements. J Dent. 2006;34(8):544\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.09.008.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"4475_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12195","volume":"8","author":"AE Dawood","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dawood AE, Parashos P, Wong RHK, Reynolds EC, Manton DJ. Calcium silicate-based cements: composition, properties, and clinical applications. J Investig Clin Dent. 2017;8(2):1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jicd.12195.","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"4475_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/s0142-9612(97)00128-2","volume":"19","author":"JW Nicholson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nicholson JW. Chemistry of glass-ionomer cements: a review. Biomaterials. 1998;19(6):485\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0142-9612(97)00128-2.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"6","key":"4475_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(86)90030-8","volume":"14","author":"AW Walls","year":"1986","unstructured":"Walls AW. Glass polyalkenoate (glass-ionomer) cements: a review. J Dent. 1986;14(6):231\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0300-5712(86)90030-8.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374950090040701","volume":"9","author":"JM Ten Cate","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ten Cate JM, Buus MJ, Damen JJM. The effects of Gic restorations on Enamel and dentin demineralization and remineralization. Adv Dent Res. 1995;9(4):384\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08959374950090040701.","journal-title":"Adv Dent Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4475_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.12.012","volume":"34","author":"HC Ngo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ngo HC, Mount G, Mc Intyre J, Tuisuva J, Von Doussa RJ. Chemical exchange between glass-ionomer restorations and residual carious dentine in permanent molars: an in vivo study. J Dent. 2006;34(8):608\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.12.012.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"4475_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12069","volume":"26","author":"SR Jefferies","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jefferies SR. Bioactive and biomimetic restorative materials: a comprehensive review. Part I. J Esthet Restor Dent off Publ Am Acad Esthet Dent [et al]. 2014;26(1):14\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jerd.12069.","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent off Publ Am Acad Esthet Dent [et al]"},{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR20","first-page":"P383","volume":"6","author":"P Jain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain P, Raj JD. Dentin substitutes: a review. Int J Pharma Bio Sci. 2015;6(3):P383\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Pharma Bio Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4475_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2019.02.021","volume":"35","author":"F Schwendicke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schwendicke F, Al-Abdi A, Pascual Moscard\u00f3 A, Ferrando Cascales A, Sauro S. Remineralization effects of conventional and experimental ion-releasing materials in chemically or bacterially-induced dentin caries lesions. Dent Mater. 2019;35(5):772\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2019.02.021.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"4475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/jmi.12197","volume":"257","author":"AR Atmeh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Atmeh AR, Chong EZ, Richard G, Boyde A, Festy F, F WT. Calcium silicate cement-induced remineralisation of totally demineralised dentine in comparison with glass ionomer cement: tetracycline labelling and two-photon fluorescence microscopy. J Microsc. 2015;257(2):151\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jmi.12197.","journal-title":"J Microsc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4475_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2013.08.202","volume":"30","author":"TF Watson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Watson TF, Atmeh AR, Sajini S, Cook RJ, Festy F. Present and future of glass-ionomers and calcium-silicate cements as bioactive materials in dentistry: biophotonics-based interfacial analyses. Health Disease Dent Mater. 2014;30(1):50\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2013.08.202.","journal-title":"Health Disease Dent Mater"},{"issue":"7","key":"4475_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1638-6","volume":"20","author":"A Agrafioti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agrafioti A, Tzimpoulas N, Chatzitheodoridis E, Kontakiotis EG. Comparative evaluation of sealing ability and microstructure of MTA and Biodentine after exposure to different environments. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20(7):1535\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-015-1638-6.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"4475_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arandi NZ, Thabet M. Minimal intervention in Dentistry: A literature review on Biodentine as a Bioactive Pulp Capping Material. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021(5569313). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5569313.","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5569313"},{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.17796\/1053-4625-45.3.3","volume":"45","author":"B Rahman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rahman B, Goswami M. Comparative Evaluation of Indirect Pulp Therapy in Young Permanent Teeth using Biodentine and Theracal: a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;45(3):158\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17796\/1053-4625-45.3.3.","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"4475_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2400","volume":"15","author":"H Nasrallah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nasrallah H, El Noueiri B. Biodentine\u2122 Pulpotomy in Stage I primary molars: a 12-month follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022;15(6):660\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2400.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13449","volume":"54","author":"S Cushley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cushley S, Duncan HF, Lappin MJ, Chua P, Elamin AD, Clarke M, El-Karim IA. Efficacy of direct pulp capping for management of cariously exposed pulps in permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J. 2021;54(4):556\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13449.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"11","key":"4475_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12941","volume":"51","author":"PM Pires","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pires PM, Santos TP, Fonseca-Gon\u00e7alves A, Pithon MM, Lopes RT, Neves AA. Mineral density in carious dentine after treatment with calcium silicates and polyacrylic acid-based cements. Int Endod J. 2018;51(11):1292\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12941.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"4475_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge; 2013.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"issue":"49","key":"4475_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1159\/000371897","volume":"49","author":"F Schwendicke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwendicke F, Eggers K, Meyer-lueckel H, D\u00f6rfer C, Kovalev A, Gorb S, Paris S. In vitro induction of residual caries lesions in dentin: comparative Mineral loss and Nano-Hardness analysis. Caries Res. 2015;49(49):259\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000371897.","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"4475_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.01.017","volume":"27","author":"T Kokubo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kokubo T, Takadama H. How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity? Biomaterials. 2006;27(15):2907\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.01.017.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"7","key":"4475_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12039","volume":"46","author":"L Grech","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grech L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Characterization of set Intermediate Restorative Material, Biodentine, Bioaggregate and a prototype calcium silicate cement for use as root-end filling materials. Int Endod J. 2013;46(7):632\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12039.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"5","key":"4475_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1159\/000016614","volume":"34","author":"K Kawasaki","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kawasaki K, Ruben J, Tsuda H, Huysmans MC, Takagi O. Relationship between mineral distributions in dentine lesions and subsequent remineralization in vitro. Caries Res. 2000;34(5):395\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000016614.","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4475_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509357172","volume":"89","author":"YK Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim YK, Yiu CKYY, Kim JR, Gu L, Kim SK, Weller RN, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Failure of a glass ionomer to remineralize apatite-depleted dentin. J Dent Res. 2010;89(3):230\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034509357172.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/s0109-5641(99)00036-6","volume":"15","author":"HE Sennou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sennou HE, Lebugle AA, Gr\u00e9goire GL. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the dentin-glass ionomer cement interface. Dent Mater. 1999;15(4):229\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0109-5641(99)00036-6.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"23","key":"4475_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3191","DOI":"10.1016\/s0142-9612(01)00071-0","volume":"22","author":"M Kamitakahara","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kamitakahara M, Kawashita M, Kokubo T, Nakamura T. Effect of polyacrylic acid on the apatite formation of a bioactive ceramic in a simulated body fluid: fundamental examination of the possibility of obtaining bioactive glass-ionomer cements for orthopaedic use. Biomaterials. 2001;22(23):3191\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0142-9612(01)00071-0.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"2","key":"4475_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2011.10.033","volume":"8","author":"Y Qi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Qi Y, Li N, Niu L, Primus CM, Ling J-Q, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Remineralization of artificial dentinal caries lesions by biomimetically modified mineral trioxide aggregate. Acta Biomater. 2012;8(2):836\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2011.10.033.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"6","key":"4475_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1159\/000261304","volume":"24","author":"J Arends","year":"1990","unstructured":"Arends J, Ruben JL, Christoffersen J, Jongebloed WL, Zuidgeest TG. Remineralization of human dentine in vitro. Caries Res. 1990;24(6):432\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000261304.","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4475_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512443068","volume":"91","author":"AR Atmeh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Atmeh AR, Chong EZ, Richard G, Festy F, Watson TF. Dentin-cement interfacial interaction: calcium silicates and polyalkenoates. J Dent Res. 2012;91(5):454\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034512443068.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"4475_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308201204","volume":"82","author":"JH Kinney","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kinney JH, Habelitz S, Marshall SJ, Marshall GW. The importance of intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen on the mechanical properties of dentin. J Dent Res. 2003;82(12):957\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/154405910308201204.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"4475_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sajini S, Atmeh AR, Banerjee A, Festy F, Cook RJ, Andiappan M, Watson TF. (2022) Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis. Dent Mater (xxxx) 1\u201311, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2022.09.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.09.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"4475_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-77572016-0209","volume":"25","author":"C Corral Nu\u00f1ez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Corral Nu\u00f1ez C, Covarrubias C, Fernandez E, de Oliveira Junior OB. Enhanced bioactive properties of BiodentineTM modified with bioactive glass nanoparticles. J Appl Oral Sci. 2017;25(2):177\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-77572016-0209.","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2644-2","volume":"23","author":"AB Neves","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neves AB, Bergstrom TG, Fonseca-Gon\u00e7alves A, Dos Santos TMP, Lopes RT, de Almeida Neves A. Mineral density changes in bovine carious dentin after treatment with bioactive dental cements: a comparative micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(4):1865\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-018-2644-2.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"4475_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12558","volume":"126","author":"KW Zan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zan KW, Nakamura K, Hamba H, Sadr A, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Micro-computed tomography assessment of root dentin around fluoride-releasing restorations after demineralization\/remineralization. Eur J Oral Sci. 2018;126(5):390\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eos.12558.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"Spec No","key":"4475_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1177\/002203459207100S27","volume":"71","author":"J Arends","year":"1992","unstructured":"Arends J, ten Bosch JJ, Bosch JJ. Demineralization and remineralization evaluation techniques. J Dent Res. 1992;71(Spec No):924\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002203459207100S27.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.4248\/IJOS09031","volume":"1","author":"MV Swain","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swain MV, Xue J. State of the art of Micro-CT applications in dental research. Int J Oral Sci. 2009;1(4):177\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4248\/IJOS09031.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"4475_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105307","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/abbf7f","volume":"7","author":"AA Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan AA, AlKhureif AA, Mohamed BA, Bautista LSJ. Enhanced mechanical properties are possible with urethane dimethacrylate-based experimental restorative dental composite. Mater Res Express. 2020;7(10):105307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2053-1591\/abbf7f.","journal-title":"Mater Res Express"},{"key":"4475_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Pondrelli A, Zamparini F, Prati C, Spagnuolo G. (2018) Demineralization, Collagen Modification and remineralization degree of human dentin after EDTA and citric acid treatments. Mater (Basel, Switzerland), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma12010025.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12010025"},{"issue":"4","key":"4475_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2009.10.052","volume":"6","author":"L Gu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gu L, Huffman BP, Arola DD, Kim YK, Mai S, Elsalanty ME, Ling J, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Changes in stiffness of resin-infiltrated demineralized dentin after remineralization by a bottom-up biomimetic approach. Acta Biomater. 2010;6(4):1453\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2009.10.052.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"11","key":"4475_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e903","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.59817","volume":"14","author":"Z Ashtijoo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ashtijoo Z, Pishevar L, MalekipourMalekipour M-R, Khodaei M, Sabouri Z. Comparative evaluation of incorporation calcium silicate and calcium phosphate nanoparticles on biomimetic dentin remineralization and bioactivity in an etch-and-rinse adhesive system. J Clin Exp Dent. 2022;14(11):e903\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/jced.59817.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"10","key":"4475_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2009.05.001","volume":"25","author":"S Mai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mai S, Kim YK, Toledano M, Breschi L, Ling JQ, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Phosphoric acid esters cannot replace polyvinylphosphonic acid as phosphoprotein analogs in biomimetic remineralization of resin-bonded dentin. Dent Mater. 2009;25(10):1230\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2009.05.001.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"11","key":"4475_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B1600151","volume":"17","author":"H-P Lin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin H-P, Lin J, Li J, Xu J-H, Mehl C. In vitro remineralization of hybrid layers using biomimetic analogs. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2016;17(11):864\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1631\/jzus.B1600151.","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"key":"4475_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.05.017","volume":"75","author":"J-H Jang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jang J-H, Lee MG, Ferracane JL, Davis H, Bae HE, Choi D, Kim D-S. Effect of bioactive glass-containing resin composite on dentin remineralization. J Dent. 2018;75:58\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.05.017.","journal-title":"J Dent"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T11:34:46Z","timestamp":1719401686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04475-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Ege University (19-4T\/31) and all patients were included after providing a signed informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"732"}}