{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T04:59:46Z","timestamp":1794286786614,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ba\u015fkent University","award":["D-KA19\/41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D-KA19\/41"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria to human health and their efficiency on oral health is still being investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of\n Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n species with and without the use of probiotics for six-months after the treatment of all dental caries under general anesthesia.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Fifty-eight pediatric patients without any systemic diseases, whose dental treatments were completed under general anesthesia (GA), were included in the study. The patients were recruited in two-groups; Group A: Patients started using probiotics after GA and Group B: Patients did not use probiotics after GA. Saliva samples were taken from all patients on the day before GA (T0), at one-month (T1), three-month (T2) and six-month (T3) follow-up after GA. The counts of cariogenic bacteria were determined by the analysis of saliva samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical significance level was accepted as\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n There was statistically significant difference between Group A and B for T0, T1, T2 and T3 regarding\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.001,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.04,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.04,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.03;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding\n Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n species (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2265\u20090.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Probiotic use and treatment of all caries significantly reduced the level of\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n but not\n Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n species. Furthermore,\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n decreased after cessation of probiotics, but it was not statistically significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n \n Study was registered as \u201cEffects of Probiotics on\n Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Lactobacillus species<\/jats:italic>\n \u201d with the registration number of NCT05859646 (16\/05\/2023) at\n https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n Protocol Registration and Results System.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04659-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T13:04:20Z","timestamp":1722603860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Evaluation of probiotics\u2019 efficiency on cariogenic bacteria: randomized controlled clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7850-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didem","family":"Sakaryal\u0131 Uyar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1872-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aylin","family":"\u00dcsk\u00fcdar G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1966-3907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekin","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3291-6174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"Memi\u015f \u00d6zg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-0142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aylin","family":"Altay Ko\u00e7ak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2571-0637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet Celal","family":"Ba\u015fustao\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2016.03.002","volume":"48","author":"D Gruner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gruner D, Paris S, Schwendicke F. 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In addition, written informed consent was obtained from the parents of each child participating in the study and from the children who knew how to write before the first saliva sample was taken and before the general anesthesia procedure.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"886"}}