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Variations in both genotype and phenotype have been reported among clinical isolates of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>. This study aimed to examine genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> obtained from Thai children with varying caries statuses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We determined the presence of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> and caries status in 395 children aged 3\u20134\u00a0years. From 325 children carrying <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>, we selected 90 with different caries statuses\u2014caries-free (CF; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930), low severity of caries (LC; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930), or high severity of caries (HC; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). Three isolates of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> were taken from each child, thus, a total of 270 isolates were obtained. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to genotype the isolates and assess their clonal relationships. The properties, including biofilm formation, collagen binding, and acid production and tolerance were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Children with carious lesions showed a higher detection rate and number of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> in saliva than those without caries. <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> from individuals with HC status showed the lowest biofilm formation ability, while this group had the highest detection rate of collagen-binding isolates. There was no difference in acid production or tolerance by caries status. Genotyping by MLST did not reveal any clone of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> specific to CF status. This result remained even when we included MLST data from the open-access PubMLST database. MLST did identify clones containing only strains from caries-affected hosts, but tests of their phenotypic properties did not reveal any differences between <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> from these clones and clones that were from both caries-free and caries-affected children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The clonal relationships of <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> indicated by MLST were not associated with the status of dental caries in the host.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04759-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T13:03:16Z","timestamp":1726059796000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multilocus sequence typing and phenotypic properties of Streptococcus mutans from Thai children with different caries statuses"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jinthana","family":"Lapirattanakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rena","family":"Okawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pornpen","family":"Tantivitayakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rattiporn","family":"Kaypetch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lehrkinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lingstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dowen","family":"Birkhed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiyo","family":"Matsumoto-Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4759_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1159\/000503309","volume":"54","author":"V Machiulskiene","year":"2020","unstructured":"Machiulskiene V, Campus G, Carvalho JC, Dige I, Ekstrand KR, Jablonski-Momeni A, et al. 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