{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:38:37Z","timestamp":1791841117877,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:25:06Z","timestamp":1727760306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transient bradycardia during local anaesthesia to the oral cavity under intravenous sedation and its associate factors: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ryo","family":"Wakita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Aida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nozomi","family":"Utsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayumu","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"4940_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.549","volume":"217","author":"M Greenwood","year":"2014","unstructured":"Greenwood M, Meechan JG. General medicine and surgery for dental practitioners: part 3. Management of specific medical emergencies in dental practice. Br Dent J. 2014;217:21\u20136.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"4940_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(99)00054-4","volume":"41","author":"NM Girdler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Girdler NM, Smith DG. Prevalence of emergency events in British dental practice and emergency management skills of British dentists. Resuscitation. 1999;41:159\u201367.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"4940_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.09.027","volume":"74","author":"G Arakeri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arakeri G, Arali V. A new hypothesis of cause of syncope: trigeminocardiac reflex during extraction of teeth. Med Hypotheses. 2010;74:248\u201351.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"4940_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e484","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000484","volume":"94","author":"C Meuwly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meuwly C, Golanov E, Chowdhury T, Erne P, Schaller B. Trigeminal cardiac reflex: new thinking model about the definition based on a literature review. Med (Baltim). 2015;94:e484.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"4940_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000065","volume":"27","author":"T Chowdhury","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chowdhury T, Mendelowith D, Golanov E, Spiriev T, Arasho B, Sandu N, et al. Trigeminocardiac reflex: the current clinical and physiological knowledge. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2015;27:136\u201347.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"4940_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.12.054","volume":"110","author":"B Bohluli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bohluli B, Bayat M, Sarkarat F, Moradi B, Tabrizi MHS, Sadr-Eshkevari P. Trigeminocardiac reflex during le Fort I osteotomy: a case-crossover study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;110:178\u201381.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"4940_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2020.08.011","volume":"16","author":"S Sugiyama","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sugiyama S, Iwai T, Honda K, Mitsudo K. Trigeminocardiac reflex during bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. J Dent Sci. 2021;16:782\u20133.","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"4940_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80420-5","volume":"19","author":"DS Precious","year":"1990","unstructured":"Precious DS, Skulsky FG. Cardiac dysrhythmias complicating maxillofacial surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1990;19:279\u201382.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"4940_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3181a2bf22","volume":"21","author":"B Schaller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schaller B, Cornelius JF, Prabhakar H, Koerbel A, Gnanalingham K, Sandu N, et al. The trigemino-cardiac reflex: an update of the current knowledge. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2009;21:187\u201395.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"4940_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2011.12.025","volume":"41","author":"E Yorgancilar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yorgancilar E, Gun R, Yildirim M, Bakir S, Akkus Z, Topcu I. Determination of trigeminocardiac reflex during rhinoplasty. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;41:389\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"4940_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.129617","volume":"5","author":"P Sadr-Eshkevari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sadr-Eshkevari P, Schaller BJ, Bohluli B. Trigeminocardiac reflex: some thought to the definition. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5:43.","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"4940_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2023.08.017","volume":"19","author":"R Wakita","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wakita R, BaBa Y, Fukayama H, Maeda S. Factors associated with transient bradycardia during local anesthesia administration to the oral cavity under intravenous sedation: a retrospective cohort study. J Dent Sci. 2024;19:878\u201384.","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"4940_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2009.07.005","volume":"14","author":"WK So","year":"2010","unstructured":"So WK, Marsh G, Ling WM, Leung FY, Lo JC, Yeung M, et al. Anxiety, depression and quality of life among Chinese breast cancer patients during adjuvant therapy. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2010;14:17\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"4940_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm18069","volume":"24","author":"JM Choi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choi JM, Yang JI, Kang SJ, Han YM, Lee J, Lee C, et al. Association between anxiety and depression and gastroesophageal reflux disease: results from a large cross-sectional study. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2018;24:593\u2013602.","journal-title":"J Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"4940_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2004.02.018","volume":"91","author":"GS Bassi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bassi GS, Humphris GM, Longman LP. The etiology and management of gagging: a review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91:459\u201367.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"4940_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2010.58.4.328","volume":"58","author":"WS Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim WS, Byeon GJ, Song BJ, Lee HJ. Availability of preoperative anxiety scale as a predictive factor for hemodynamic changes during induction of anesthesia. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2010;58:328\u201333.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"4940_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1973.0165","volume":"86","author":"RA Kleinknecht","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kleinknecht RA, Klepac RK, Alexander LD. Origins and characteristics of fear of dentistry. J Am Dent Assoc. 1973;86:842\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"4940_CR18","first-page":"865","volume":"39","author":"T Sano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sano T, Tanabe Y, Noda T. Assessment on dental fear in Japan - Part 1 results of dental fear survey in young adults -. The Japanese. J Pediatr Dent. 2001;39:865\u201371.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"4940_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2000.tb00570.x","volume":"50","author":"GM Humphris","year":"2000","unstructured":"Humphris GM, Freeman R, Campbell J, Tuutti H, D\u2019Souza V. Further evidence for the reliability and validity of the modified dental anxiety scale. Int Dent J. 2000;50:367\u201370.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"4940_CR20","first-page":"2","volume":"25","author":"H Furukawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Furukawa H, Hosaka K. Development of the Japanese version of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS-J): investigation of the eliability and the validity. Jpn J Psychosom Dent. 2010;25:2\u20136.","journal-title":"Jpn J Psychosom Dent"},{"key":"4940_CR21","volume-title":"New STAI manual","author":"T Hidano","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hidano T, Fukuhara M, Iwawaki S, Soga S, Spielberger CD. New STAI manual. 1st ed. Tokyo: Jitsumukyoikusyuppan; 2000.","edition":"1"},{"key":"4940_CR22","first-page":"6398196","volume":"2020","author":"Z Nesheiwat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nesheiwat Z, Ghanim M, Eid J, Patel N, Burmeister C, Eltahawy E. Gag reflex-mediated restoration of sinus rhythm during TEE probe insertion for atrial fibrillation: a word of caution. Case Rep Cardiol. 2020;2020:6398196.","journal-title":"Case Rep Cardiol"},{"key":"4940_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01241-4","volume":"37","author":"P Alboni","year":"2001","unstructured":"Alboni P, Brignole M, Menozzi C, Raviele A, Del Rosso A, Dinelli M, et al. Diagnostic value of history in patients with syncope with or without heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1921\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"4940_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.94.2.433","volume":"94","author":"D Mehta","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mehta D, Saverymuttu SH, Camm AJ. Recurrent paroxysmal complete heart block induced by vomiting. Chest. 1988;94:433\u20135.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"4940_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)92875-9","volume":"2","author":"NP Lewis","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lewis NP, Fraser AG, Taylor A. Syncope while vomiting during migraine attack. Lancet. 1988;2:400\u20131.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4940_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1988.sp016905","volume":"395","author":"PL Andrews","year":"1988","unstructured":"Andrews PL, Wood KL. Vagally mediated gastric motor and emetic reflexes evoked by stimulation of the antral mucosa in anaesthetized ferrets. J Physiol. 1988;395:1\u201316.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"4940_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebr.2023.100626","volume":"24","author":"HE Snyder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Snyder HE, Pai N, Meaney B, Sloan Birbeck C, Whitney R, Johnson N, et al. Significant vomiting and weight loss in a pediatric epilepsy patient secondary to vagus nerve stimulation: a case report and review of the literature. Epilepsy Behav Rep. 2023;24:100626.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav Rep"},{"key":"4940_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5797","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115797","volume":"22","author":"W Zhong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhong W, Shahbaz O, Teskey G, Beever A, Kachour N, Venketaraman V, et al. Mechanisms of nausea and vomiting: current knowledge and recent advances in intracellular emetic signaling systems. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:5797.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4940_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1037\/h0033982","volume":"40","author":"CD Spielberger","year":"1973","unstructured":"Spielberger CD, Auerbach SM, Wadsworth AP, Dunn TM, Taulbee ES. Emotional reactions to surgery. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1973;40:33\u20138.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"4940_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeg238","volume":"91","author":"NN Win","year":"2003","unstructured":"Win NN, Kohase H, Miyamoto T, Umino M. Decreased bispectral index as an indicator of syncope before hypotension and bradycardia in two patients with needle phobia. Br J Anaesth. 2003;91:749\u201352.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"4940_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2005.12.006","volume":"128","author":"M Uchino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Uchino M, Kuwahara M, Ebukuro S, Tsubone H. Modulation of emetic response by carotid baro- and chemoreceptor activations. Auton Neurosci. 2006;128:25\u201336.","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"4940_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-022-06997-5","volume":"30","author":"N Pasyar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pasyar N, Rambod M, Zahedi F, Ramzi M. Pain, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting as the predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective cohort study. Support Care Cancer. 2022;30:5871\u20139.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"4940_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2007.09.006","volume":"39","author":"K Haukeb\u00f8","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haukeb\u00f8 K, Skaret E, Ost LG, Raadal M, Berg E, Sundberg H, et al. One- vs. five-session treatment of dental phobia: a randomized controlled study. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2008;39:381\u201390.","journal-title":"J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry"},{"key":"4940_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-1122.1000491","volume":"8","author":"S Sreenivasagan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sreenivasagan S, Sneha P, Ravi P, Raja VBK. To assess the prevalence of dental anxiety and assess the efficacy of Vibraject and to assess prevalence of dental phobia. Dentistry. 2018;8:1122\u20132161.","journal-title":"Dentistry"},{"key":"4940_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-196111000-00004","volume":"23","author":"DT Graham","year":"1961","unstructured":"Graham DT, Kabler JD, Lunsford L Jr. Vasovagal fainting: a diphasic response. Psychosom Med. 1961;23:493\u2013507.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"4940_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.2.0215","volume":"90","author":"B Schaller","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schaller B, Probst R, Strebel S, Gratzl O. Trigeminocardiac reflex during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle. J Neurosurg. 1999;90:215\u201320.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:25:55Z","timestamp":1727760355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04940-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The ethics committee of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (No. D2021-001) approved the study procedures for sample collection and analyses. Informed consent was obtained from all participants after thoroughly explaining the study\u2019s purpose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1165"}}