{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T11:42:04Z","timestamp":1763811724316,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002386","name":"Cairo University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background\/Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection was scarcely reported as a prejudicing factor of CLP incidence. The aim of this study is to report an association between HCMV infection and incidence of severe orofacial clefts.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Five infants with severe orofacial clefts were included in the current study. One of the infants is with an oblique facial cleft extended to the left orbit and associated with missing left eyeball. Another infant was with facial cleft extending downward resulting in a clefted lower lip, clefted mandible and clefted tongue. All the patients\u2019 mothers were evaluated for the amount of HCMV IgG in blood samples.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>All the five mothers of the included infants had a positive HCMV IgG results in the collected blood samples with the value of 908.8 (\u00b1 400.6). The amount of HCMV IgG was higher in cases with more severe clinical presentation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Due to the rarity of cases with severe orofacial clefts, only 5 patients were included. Lake of genetic data and control group are another limitations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Within the limitation of the rareness of cases with severe orofacial clefts, HCMV infection to mothers before or during pregnancy might be a predisposing factor of incidence of severe orofacial clefts.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06165-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T10:59:34Z","timestamp":1747997974000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between human cytomegalovirus infection and incidence of severe orofacial clefts: a series of rare cases"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abd-El-Ghafour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000337464","volume":"16","author":"P Mossey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mossey P, Modell B. 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All the included patients\u2019 guardians signd an informed consent to participate in the study. The current study\u2019s protocol and steps were revised by the ethics committee of the faculty of dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt and the approval number is 30-6-24. All the patients were informed about the study details and an informed consent was signed by them before starting the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All patients\u2019 guardians gave written informed consent for their childern or clinical details along with any identifying images to be published in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"773"}}