{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:31:01Z","timestamp":1790278261542,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1C1C1005306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1C1C1005306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using a mouthwash containing <jats:italic>Glycyrrhiza uralensis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic>) extract as an oral health improvement material to prevent periodontal disease using the clinical parameters and the changes in bacteria that cause periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A randomized, double-blind, controlled study was conducted on 60 patients who visited M dental clinic located in Busan, South Korea. The subjects were patients who agreed to complete the questionnaire, who were not included in the exclusion criteria, and had 16 or more remaining teeth. The patients were divided into two groups: the saline gargle solution group, which consisted of 30 patients; and the <jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic> extract group, which consisted of 30 patients. Scaling was performed to ensure the same oral conditions between the two groups. After 1 week, 15 mL each of the gargle solution (saline and <jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic> extract) was applied once a day for 30\u00a0s for 5 days. For the periodontal clinical parameters, O\u2019Leary index, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and periodontal-disease-related bacteria in subgingival plaques were examined (Baseline, After treatment, and After 5 Days).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The use of the mouthwash containing <jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic> extract significantly decreased the clinical values in all parameters of O\u2019Leary index, PI, and GI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Also, after gargling using the mouthwash containing <jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic> extract, the antibacterial effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that cause periodontal disease was confirmed to have excellent clinical effects in the inhibition, prevention, and treatment of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The mouthwash containing <jats:italic>GU<\/jats:italic> extract can be beneficial in maintaining a healthy periodontal condition and oral hygiene through the reduction of O\u2019Leary index, PI, GI, and periodontal-disease-related bacteria in the oral cavity, which has been proven in clinical applications.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06172-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T06:11:43Z","timestamp":1748067103000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effectiveness of Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract on periodontal pathogens: a randomized controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yu-Rin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seoul-Hee","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"6172_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67728-8","author":"BL Pihlstrom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. 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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All methods have been carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"783"}}