{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:45:43Z","timestamp":1791927943929,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007465","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007465","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Vitamin D is involved in the immune system by regulating inflammatory processes. Over the recent decades, there has been an increase in studies investigating the potential influence of vitamin D status on inflammatory diseases and conditions. However, research on the link between vitamin D and periodontitis remains scarce. Hence, we aimed to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and periodontitis in an adult population in Northern Norway.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study was based on cross-sectional data from a population-based study: the seventh Troms\u00f8 study, conducted in 2015 \u2013 2016. Eligible participants were adults (\u2009\u2265\u200940\u00a0years old) who had both a valid periodontal diagnosis and data on serum 25(OH)D levels, giving a total study sample of <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093,693 participants (51.4% women). Periodontitis was defined according to the 2017 AAP\/EFP classification system. Two groups were compared: no-periodontitis\/stage I periodontitis versus stages II-III\/IV periodontitis. Using a bivariate logistic regression analysis, the association between these two groups and serum 25(OH)D was tested, controlling for age, sex, smoking, toothbrushing frequency, and socioeconomic status. Periodontal pockets of\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm and their association with serum 25(OH)D were also tested.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>About 89% were classified as having periodontitis, and 51.6% had stages II\u2013III\/IV periodontitis. About 4% of the participants were at deficient levels of serum 25(OH)D (&lt;\u200930\u00a0nmol\/L). Levels of serum 25(OH)D of\u2009&lt;\u200930\u00a0nmol\/L were associated with periodontitis stage II-III\/IV (odds ratio [OR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03\u20132.28). Stratified by when the season serum 25(OH)D was measured (March-September vs October-February), the summer strata was significantly associated with periodontitis II-III\/IV (30\u201350\u00a0nmol\/L\u2009=\u2009OR 1.31, 95% CI:1.05\u20131.63, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018). Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were associated with having at least one periodontal pocket of\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm (&lt;\u200930\u00a0nmol\/L\u2009=\u20091.78, 95% CI:1.22\u20132.60, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003: 30\u201350\u00a0nmol\/L\u2009=\u2009OR was 1.23, 95% CI:1.03\u20131.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this Norwegian adult population, blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were associated to periodontitis stage II-III\/IV and a periodontal pocket depth of\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06261-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T16:36:27Z","timestamp":1748622987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cross-sectional associations between vitamin D status and periodontitis in adults in Northern Norway: The Troms\u00f8 Study 2015\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Fanny Maria","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"J\u00f6nsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magritt","family":"Brustad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"6261_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13507","volume":"48","author":"IH St\u00f8dle","year":"2021","unstructured":"St\u00f8dle IH, Verket A, H\u00f8vik H, Sen A, Koldsland OC. 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