{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:44:47Z","timestamp":1791387887428,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T08:26:39Z","timestamp":1758875199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antifungal efficacy of cinnamaldehyde and nano-cinnamaldehyde particles against candidiasis: an in-vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Molania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Saeedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katayoun","family":"Morteza-Semnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Negarandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abolfazl","family":"Hosseinnataj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anahita","family":"Lotfizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Fadaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maede","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Haghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-021-00873-9","volume":"3","author":"AB Rajendra Santosh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rajendra Santosh AB, Muddana K, Bakki SR. Fungal infections of oral cavity: diagnosis, management, and association with COVID-19. SN Compr Clin Med. 2021;3(6):1373\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42399-021-00873-9.","journal-title":"SN Compr Clin Med"},{"key":"6804_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110550","volume":"130","author":"B Pathakumari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pathakumari B, Liang G, Liu W. Immune defence to invasive fungal infections: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;130:110550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110550.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.17951\/c.2018.73.1.61-68","volume":"73","author":"M D\u0105browska","year":"2019","unstructured":"D\u0105browska M, Sienkiewicz M, Kwiatkowski P, D\u0105browski M. Diagnosis and treatment of mucosa Candida spp. infections \u2013 a review article. Annales universitatis mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio C \u2013 Biol. 2019;73(1):61\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17951\/c.2018.73.1.61-68.","journal-title":"Sectio C \u2013 Biol"},{"key":"6804_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940884","DOI":"10.3389\/ffunb.2022.940884","volume":"3","author":"B Jungnickel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jungnickel B, Jacobsen ID. Systemic candidiasis in mice: new insights from an old model. Front Fungal Biol. 2022;3:940884. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ffunb.2022.940884.","journal-title":"Front Fungal Biol"},{"key":"6804_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7020079","volume":"7","author":"J Talapko","year":"2021","unstructured":"Talapko J, Juzba\u015fic M, Matijevic T, Pustijanac E, Bekic S, Kotris I, et al. Candida albicans\u2014the virulence factors and clinical manifestations of infection. J Fungi (Basel). 2021;7:79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jof7020079.","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"6804_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880746","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2022.880746","volume":"3","author":"LS Archambault","year":"2022","unstructured":"Archambault LS, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Probiotics for oral candidiasis: critical appraisal of the evidence and a path forward. Front Oral Health. 2022;3:880746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/froh.2022.880746.","journal-title":"Front Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_161_22","volume":"26","author":"NA Babu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babu NA, Anitha N. Hyposalivation and oral candidiasis-A short review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2022;26(2):144\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jomfp.jomfp_161_22.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.18502\/cmm.8.1.9208","volume":"8","author":"M Salehi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salehi M, Shafaroudi AM, Daryani M, Khalilian A, Ahangarkani F, Molania T. In vitro interactions of Nystatin and Micafungin combined with chlorhexidine against Candida albicans isolates. Curr Med Mycol. 2022;8(1):7\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/cmm.8.1.9208.","journal-title":"Curr Med Mycol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6804_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111677","volume":"12","author":"A Rai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rai A, Misra SR, Panda S, Sokolowski G, Mishra L, Das R, et al. Nystatin effectiveness in oral candidiasis treatment: A systematic review & Meta-Analysis of clinical trials. Life. 2022;12(11):1677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12111677.","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"7","key":"6804_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2021.1873951","volume":"22","author":"L Scorzoni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scorzoni L, Fuchs BB, Junqueira JC, Mylonakis E. Current and promising pharmacotherapeutic options for candidiasis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2021;22(7):887\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14656566.2021.1873951.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"6804_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00177","volume":"4","author":"M Ekor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ekor M. The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front Pharmacol. 2014;4:177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2013.00177.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03936-0","volume":"24","author":"M Salehi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salehi M, Saeedi M, Negarandeh R, Savabi A, Lotfizadeh A, Hosseinnataj A, et al. Evaluation of caffeic acid mucoadhesive tablets on minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03936-0.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR13","first-page":"48","volume":"33","author":"A Nahvi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nahvi A, Jafari A, Goli HR, Davoodi A, Mousavi SJ, Nemati M, et al. Comparison of the effect of grape seed extract with and without fluoride varnish and their synergistic effects on oral Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus mutans-an in-vitro study. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2023;33(1):48\u201358. http:\/\/jmums.mazums.ac.ir\/article-1-20139-en.html.","journal-title":"J Maz Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"228","key":"6804_CR14","first-page":"139","volume":"33","author":"HR Goli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Goli HR, Davoodi A, Jafari A, Hosseinnataj A, Golkar F, Soleimani B. Comparison of the antimicrobial effect of pomegranate seed extract with MI fluoride varnish and their synergistic effects against cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus)-an in-Vitro study. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2023;33(228):139\u201350. http:\/\/jmums.mazums.ac.ir\/article-1-19562-en.html.","journal-title":"J Maz Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"217","key":"6804_CR15","first-page":"46","volume":"32","author":"A Nahvi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nahvi A, Goli HR, Davoodi A, Hosseinnataj A, Sheydayee S, Jafari A, et al. Antimicrobial and synergistic effects of Garlic and cinnamon extract compared with fluoride varnish on oral Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus mutans in laboratory conditions. J Maz Univ Med Sci. 2023;32(217):46\u201356. http:\/\/jmums.mazums.ac.ir\/article-1-18824-en.html.","journal-title":"J Maz Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"6804_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1977236","volume":"63","author":"B Muhoza","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muhoza B, Qi B, Harindintwali JD, Koko MYF, Zhang S, Li Y. Encapsulation of cinnamaldehyde: an insight on delivery systems and food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(15):2521\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10408398.2021.1977236.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"6804_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.245","volume":"7","author":"S Bakhtiari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bakhtiari S, Jafari S, Taheri JB, Kashi TSJ, Namazi Z, Iman M, et al. The effects of cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamon derivatives) and Nystatin on Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(7):1067\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3889\/oamjms.2019.245.","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-021-00210-z","volume":"25","author":"BY Gursu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gursu BY, Dag \u0130, Dikmen G. Antifungal and antibiofilm efficacy of cinnamaldehyde-loaded poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles against Candida albicans. Int Microbiol. 2022;25(2):245\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10123-021-00210-z.","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2020.02.008","volume":"32","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Mostafa AA, Al-Askar AA. Anticandidal and anti-carcinogenic activities of mentha longifolia (Wild Mint) extracts in vitro. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2020;32(3):2046\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jksus.2020.02.008.","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2022.102362","volume":"35","author":"AA-F Mostafa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mostafa AA-F, Yassin MT, Al\u2013Askar AA, Al-Otibi FO. Phytochemical analysis, antiproliferative and antifungal activities of different syzygium aromaticum solvent extracts. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2023;35(1):102362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jksus.2022.102362.","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glohj.2023.02.008","volume":"7","author":"A Haleem","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haleem A, Javaid M, Singh RP, Rab S, Suman R. Applications of nanotechnology in medical field: A brief review. J Glob Health. 2023;7(2):70\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.glohj.2023.02.008.","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-023-05690-w","volume":"25","author":"R Abbasi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abbasi R, Shineh G, Mobaraki M, Doughty S, Tayebi L. Structural parameters of nanoparticles affecting their toxicity for biomedical applications: a review. J Nanopart Res. 2023;25(3):43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11051-023-05690-w.","journal-title":"J Nanopart Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03682-9","volume":"23","author":"M Ghardashpour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ghardashpour M, Saeedi M, Negarandeh R, Enderami SE, Ghorbani A, Lotfizadeh A, et al. Anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effect of cinnamaldehyde and nano cinnamaldehyde on gingival fibroblasts and macrophages. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):1014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-023-03682-9.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"6804_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11040945","volume":"11","author":"FO Al-Otibi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Otibi FO, Yassin MT, Al-Askar AA, Maniah K. Green biofabrication of silver nanoparticles of potential synergistic activity with antibacterial and antifungal agents against some nosocomial pathogens. Microorganisms. 2023;11(4):945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms11040945.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst12060774","volume":"12","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Mostafa AA-F, Al-Askar AA, Al-Otibi FO. Facile green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles with potential synergistic activity with common antifungal agents against multidrug-resistant candidal strains. Crystals. 2022;12(6):774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cryst12060774.","journal-title":"Crystals"},{"issue":"8","key":"6804_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11081957","volume":"11","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Al-Otibi FO, Al-Askar AA, Elmaghrabi MM. Synergistic anticandidal effectiveness of Greenly synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles with antifungal agents against nosocomial candidal pathogens. Microorganisms. 2023;11(8):1957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms11081957.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"6804_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2014.02.045","volume":"117","author":"RS Kalhapure","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kalhapure RS, Mocktar C, Sikwal DR, Sonawane SJ, Kathiravan MK, Skelton A, et al. Ion pairing with Linoleic acid simultaneously enhances encapsulation efficiency and antibacterial activity of Vancomycin in solid lipid nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2014;117:303\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2014.02.045.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2024.12.003","volume":"133","author":"I Haghani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Haghani I, Saeedi M, Babaei A, Yahyazadeh Z, Hosseinnataj A, Saravi ME, et al. Investigating the effectiveness of Atorvastatin mouthwash on denture stomatitis: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial. J Prosthet Dent. 2025;133(2):481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2024.12.003.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-022-00657-2","volume":"188","author":"M Abastabar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abastabar M, Babaei M, Mohammadi R, Valadan R, Javidnia J, Zaedi A, et al. Iranian National survey on Tinea capitis: antifungal susceptibility profile, epidemiological characteristics, and report of two strains with a novel mutation in SQLE gene with homology modeling. Mycopathologia. 2023;188(5):449\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11046-022-00657-2.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"11","key":"6804_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofab444","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab444","volume":"8","author":"NP Wiederhold","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wiederhold NP. Antifungal susceptibility testing: A primer for clinicians. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021;8(11):ofab444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofab444.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.18502\/cmm.7.1.6242","volume":"7","author":"F Kermani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kermani F, Sadeghian M, Shokohi T, Hashemi S, Moslemi D, Davodian S, et al. Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species isolated from oral lesions in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Curr Med Mycol. 2021;7(1):44\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/cmm.7.1.6242.","journal-title":"Curr Med Mycol"},{"key":"6804_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134894","volume":"278","author":"I Bashir","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bashir I, Wani SM, Jan N, Ali A, Rouf A, Sidiq H, et al. Optimizing ultrasonic parameters for development of vitamin D3-loaded gum Arabic nanoemulsions\u2013An approach for vitamin D3 fortification. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;278:134894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134894.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"6804_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.05.031","volume":"361","author":"M Mokhtar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mokhtar M, Sammour OA, Hammad MA, Megrab NA. Effect of some formulation parameters on flurbiprofen encapsulation and release rates of niosomes prepared from proniosomes. Int J Pharm. 2008;361(1\u20132):104\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.05.031.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14964","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99696-0","volume":"15","author":"H Danafar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Danafar H, Maleki MN, Moradi AH, Sharafi A, Nedaei K. Preparation and characterization of niosomes containing silver nanoparticles as a radiosensitizer for enhancing radiotherapy of the lung cancer. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):14964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-99696-0.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5231","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-87950-4","volume":"15","author":"S Shiri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shiri S, Gharanjig K, Tahghighi A, Hosseinnezhad M, Etezad M. Formulation and characterization of BBR loaded niosomes using saponin as a nonionic biosurfactant investigating synergistic effects to enhance antibacterial activity. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):5231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-87950-4.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010073","volume":"11","author":"IM Saracino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saracino IM, Foschi C, Pavoni M, Spigarelli R, Valerii MC, Spisni E. Antifungal activity of natural compounds vs. candida spp.: a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and Eugenol shows promising in vitro results. Antibiotics. 2022;11(1):73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics11010073.","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-011-9447-0","volume":"24","author":"S Shreaz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shreaz S, Sheikh RA, Bhatia R, Neelofar K, Imran S, Hashmi AA, et al. Antifungal activity of \u03b1-methyl trans cinnamaldehyde, its ligand and metal complexes: promising growth and ergosterol inhibitors. Biometals. 2011;24(5):923\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10534-011-9447-0.","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"issue":"13","key":"6804_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12132437","volume":"12","author":"S Rizzo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rizzo S, Di Vito M, Mazzinelli E, Favuzzi I, Torelli R, Cacaci M, et al. Cinnamaldehyde loaded Poly (lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) microparticles for antifungal delivery application against resistant Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Plants. 2023;12(13):2437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants12132437.","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"6804_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00795-012-0001-0","volume":"46","author":"Y Taguchi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Taguchi Y, Hasumi Y, Abe S, Nishiyama Y. The effect of cinnamaldehyde on the growth and the morphology of Candida albicans. Med Mol Morphol. 2013;46:8\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00795-012-0001-0.","journal-title":"Med Mol Morphol"},{"key":"6804_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-023-3754-5","volume":"31","author":"X-r Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo X-r, Zhang X-g, Wang G-s, Wang J, Liu X-j, Deng J-h. Effect of cinnamaldehyde on systemic Candida albicans infection in mice. Chin J Integr Med. 2025;31:644\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11655-023-3754-5.","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"6804_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114969","volume":"199","author":"F Sousa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sousa F, Nascimento C, Ferreira D, Reis S, Costa P. Reviving the interest in the versatile drug nystatin: A multitude of strategies to increase its potential as an effective and safe antifungal agent. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023;199:114969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114969.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9050227","volume":"9","author":"M Mroczy\u0144ska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mroczy\u0144ska M, Brillowska-D\u0105browska A. Review on current status of echinocandins use. Antibiotics. 2020;9(5):227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics9050227.","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"6804_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316706","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/316706","volume":"2015","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang J, Onakpoya IJ, Posadzki P, Eddouks M. The safety of herbal medicine: from prejudice to evidence. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:316706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/316706.","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"6804_CR44","first-page":"76","volume":"2","author":"D Rahemi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rahemi D, Babaee N, Kazemi S, SEFIDGAR SAA, Moghadamnia AA. An in vitro study of the effect of cinnamaldehyde on the growth of Candida albicans compared to Nystatin and fluconazole. Crescent J Med Biol Sci. 2015;2:76\u201380. https:\/\/www.cjmb.org\/text.php?id=81.","journal-title":"Crescent J Med Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2011.582890","volume":"50","author":"MSA Khan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khan MSA, Malik A, Ahmad I. Anti-candidal activity of essential oils alone and in combination with amphotericin B or fluconazole against multi-drug resistant isolates of Candida albicans. Med Mycol. 2012;50(1):33\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13693786.2011.582890.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.036145-0","volume":"62","author":"S Shreaz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shreaz S, Bhatia R, Khan N, Muralidhar S, Manzoor N, Khan LA. Influences of cinnamic aldehydes on H\u2009+\u2009extrusion activity and ultrastructure of Candida. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(2):232\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.036145-0.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.201100272","volume":"52","author":"R Bhatia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhatia R, Shreaz S, Khan N, Muralidhar S, Basir SF, Manzoor N, Khan LA. Proton pumping ATPase mediated fungicidal activity of two essential oil components. J Basic Microbiol. 2012;52(5):504\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jobm.201100272.","journal-title":"J Basic Microbiol"},{"key":"6804_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2016.05.016","volume":"112","author":"S Shreaz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shreaz S, Wani WA, Behbehani JM, Raja V, Irshad M, Karched M, Ali I, Siddiqi WA, Hun LT. Cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives, a novel class of antifungal agents. Fitoterapia. 2016;112:116\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fitote.2016.05.016.","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10020341","volume":"10","author":"S Babaie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Babaie S, Del Bakhshayesh AR, Ha JW, Hamishehkar H, Kim KH, Invasome. A novel nanocarrier for transdermal drug delivery. Nanomaterials. 2020;10(2):341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10020341.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"6804_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.10.018","volume":"160","author":"M Ramasamy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramasamy M, Lee J-H, Lee J. Direct one-pot synthesis of cinnamaldehyde immobilized on gold nanoparticles and their antibiofilm properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2017;160:639\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.10.018.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12020358","volume":"12","author":"R Rosato","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosato R, Napoli E, Granata G, Di Vito M, Garzoli S, Geraci C, et al. Study of the chemical profile and Anti-Fungal activity against Candida auris of cinnamomum Cassia essential oil and of its Nano-Formulations based on Polycaprolactone. Plants. 2023;12(2):358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants12020358.","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.10.018","volume":"127","author":"RC Bassi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bassi RC, Boriollo MF, Amphotericin B. fluconazole, and Nystatin as development inhibitors of Candida albicans biofilms on a dental prosthesis Reline material: analytical models in vitro. J Prosthet Dent. 2022;127(2):320\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.10.018.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/188144","volume":"34","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Al-Otibi FO, Maniah K, Mohamed S, Hasan KA, Negi A, et al. Synergistic antifungal efficiency of Eco-Friendly synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles in combination with fluconazole against Drug-Resistant candidal strains. Pol J Environ Stud. 2025;34(2):1851\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15244\/pjoes\/188144.","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.18520\/cs\/v118\/i5\/796-801","volume":"118","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Mostafa AA, Al-Askar AA. Anticandidal efficiency of cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts against vulvovaginal candidiasis. Curr Sci. 2020;118(5):796\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18520\/cs\/v118\/i5\/796-801.","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14010209","volume":"14","author":"MT Yassin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yassin MT, Elgorban AM, Al-Askar AA, Sholkamy EN, Ameen F, Maniah K. Synergistic anticandidal activities of Greenly synthesized ZnO nanomaterials with commercial antifungal agents against candidal infections. Micromachines. 2023;14(1):209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi14010209.","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"6804_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdel-Rashid RS, Helal DA, Omar MM, El Sisi AM. Nanogel loaded with surfactant based nanovesicles for enhanced ocular delivery of Acetazolamide. Int J Nanomed. 2019;2973\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S201891.","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S201891"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3109\/08982104.2013.788025","volume":"23","author":"M Basha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Basha M, Abd El-Alim SH, Shamma RN, Awad GE. Design and optimization of surfactant-based nanovesicles for ocular delivery of Clotrimazole. J Liposome Res. 2013;23(3):203\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08982104.2013.788025.","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"key":"6804_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.10.045","volume":"136","author":"BE Al-Dhubiab","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-Dhubiab BE, Nair AB, Kumria R, Attimarad M, Harsha S. Formulation and evaluation of nano based drug delivery system for the buccal delivery of acyclovir. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2015;136:878\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.10.045.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"6804_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-012-0083-1","volume":"3","author":"N Mali","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mali N, Darandale S, Vavia P. Niosomes as a vesicular carrier for topical administration of minoxidil: formulation and in vitro assessment. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2013;3:587\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-012-0083-1.","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.21608\/aprh.2023.217709.1220","volume":"7","author":"R Ragaey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ragaey R, Abouelatta SM, Elfouly AA. Modernized management of ocular keratitis via nanovesicular drug delivery systems. J Adv Pharm Res. 2023;7(3):144\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/aprh.2023.217709.1220.","journal-title":"J Adv Pharm Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-020-01699-9","volume":"21","author":"NK Ameeduzzafar, Alruwaili","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ameeduzzafar, Alruwaili NK, Imam SS, Alotaibi NH, Alhakamy NA, Alharbi KS, et al. Formulation of Chitosan polymeric vesicles of Ciprofloxacin for ocular delivery: box-behnken optimization, in vitro characterization, HET-CAM irritation, and antimicrobial assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2020;21(5):167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-020-01699-9.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"issue":"11","key":"6804_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111741","volume":"13","author":"MA Ali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ali MA, Mohamed MI, Megahed MA, Abdelghany TM, El-Say KM. Cholesterol-based nanovesicles enhance the in vitro cytotoxicity, ex vivo intestinal absorption, and in vivo bioavailability of Flutamide. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(11):1741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111741.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"6804_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susc.2021.121977","volume":"716","author":"N Shinsuphan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shinsuphan N, Krongsuk S, Namuangruk S. Microhydration of Sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) investigated using hybrid QM\/MM calculations in the gas phase. Surf Sci. 2022;716:121977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.susc.2021.121977.","journal-title":"Surf Sci"},{"key":"6804_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2021.111616","volume":"201","author":"A Radmard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radmard A, Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Hashemi SMH, Nokhodchi A. An eco-friendly and green formulation in lipid nanotechnology for delivery of a hydrophilic agent to the skin in the treatment and management of hyperpigmentation complaints: arbutin niosome (Arbusome). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021;201:111616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2021.111616.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2023.104704","volume":"16","author":"MT Al-Ouqaili","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Ouqaili MT, Saleh RO, Amin HIM, Jawhar ZH, Akbarizadeh MR, Naderifar M, et al. Synthesize of pluronic-based nanovesicular formulation loaded with pistacia Atlantica extract for improved antimicrobial efficiency. Arab J Chem. 2023;16(6):104704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arabjc.2023.104704.","journal-title":"Arab J Chem"},{"key":"6804_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joseph E, Singhvi G. Multifunctional nanocrystals for cancer therapy: a potential nanocarrier. Nanomater Drug Deliv Th. 2019;91\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-816505-8.00007-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-816505-8.00007-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0080","volume":"11","author":"M Akhlaghi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Akhlaghi M, Taebpour M, Lotfabadi NN, Naghib SM, Jalili N, Farahmand L, et al. Synthesis and characterization of smart stimuli-responsive herbal drug-encapsulated nanoniosome particles for efficient treatment of breast cancer. Nanotechnol Rev. 2022;11(1):1364\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0080.","journal-title":"Nanotechnol Rev"},{"key":"6804_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2020.101751","volume":"26","author":"M Baranei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baranei M, Taheri RA, Tirgar M, Saeidi A, Oroojalian F, Uzun L, et al. Anticancer effect of green tea extract (GTE)-Loaded pH-responsive niosome coated with PEG against different cell lines. Mater Today Commun. 2021;26:101751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2020.101751.","journal-title":"Mater Today Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-018-0207-3","volume":"26","author":"M Barani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barani M, Mirzaei M, Torkzadeh-Mahani M, Nematollahi MH. Lawsone-loaded niosome and its antitumor activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line: a Nano-herbal treatment for cancer. DARU J Pharm Sci. 2018;26(1):11\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40199-018-0207-3.","journal-title":"DARU J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"6804_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"045041","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/ab1c3d","volume":"5","author":"A Hakamivala","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hakamivala A, Moghassemi S, Omidfar K. Modeling and optimization of the niosome nanovesicles using response surface methodology for delivery of insulin. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2019;5(4):045041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/2057-1976\/ab1c3d.","journal-title":"Biomed Phys Eng Express"},{"key":"6804_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S184912","volume":"14","author":"L De Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Silva L, Fu J-Y, Htar TT, Muniyandy S, Kasbollah A, Wan Kamal WHB, et al. Characterization, optimization, and in vitro evaluation of Technetium-99m-labeled niosomes. Int J Nanomed. 2019;14:1101\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S184912.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900105","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201900105","volume":"122","author":"F Hasibi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hasibi F, Nasirpour A, Varshosaz J, Garc\u00eda-Manrique P, Blanco\u2010L\u00f3pez MC, Guti\u00e9rrez G, et al. Formulation and characterization of Taxifolin\u2010loaded lipid nanovesicles (Liposomes, niosomes, and Transfersomes) for beverage fortification. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol. 2020;122(2):1900105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejlt.201900105.","journal-title":"Eur J Lipid Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6804_CR73","first-page":"224","volume":"1","author":"R Karki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Karki R, Mamatha G, Subramanya G, Udupa N. Preparation, characterization and tissue disposition of niosomes containing Isoniazid. Rasayan J Chem. 2008;1(2):224\u20137.","journal-title":"Rasayan J Chem"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T08:26:41Z","timestamp":1758875201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-06804-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The present study received ethical approval from the ethics committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (IR.MAZUMS.REC.1401.573). The clinical trial number was not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1432"}}