{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T23:02:23Z","timestamp":1767049343416,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Natal and neonatal teeth are deciduous teeth present at birth or erupting within the first 30 days of life, respectively. They are a rare dental phenomenon with unclear etiology. Their presence can lead to clinical complications such as feeding difficulties or risk of aspiration.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to assess the incidence of natal and neonatal teeth in the Polish population over a 15-year period, analyze temporal trends in their occurrence and evaluate potential associations with perinatal variables, including newborn sex, gestational age, and maternal age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records coded as K00.6 (Dentia praecox) submitted to the Greater Poland National Health Fund between 2007 and 2022. Birth data were obtained from the Central Statistical Office. Statistical analysis included binary logistic regression to assess trends over time and associations with delivery timing and maternal age. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to evaluate changes in the number of pathological teeth per case. The Fisher\u2013Freeman\u2013Halton test with Monte Carlo simulation was used to examine sex-based differences. A literature review of studies published between 2010 and 2024 was performed for global comparison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of all live births in the region, 471 cases were identified (0.08% prevalence), with natal teeth comprising 93.8% of cases. The incidence increased from 0.039% in 2007 to 0.134% in 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Logistic regression revealed statistically significant increases in on-time deliveries and post-term births among affected cases. Maternal age under 20 and between 20 and 35 years was significantly associated with a higher probability of children having natal or neonatal teeth. A notable shift from single to multiple-teeth cases over time was observed. No significant differences in prevalence by sex were found. Comparative analysis indicated variation in global prevalence, likely due to methodological and demographic differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of natal and neonatal teeth in the Polish population has increased over the past 15 years, with significant associations observed with maternal age and birth timing. These findings underscore the importance of continued surveillance and standardized data reporting. Future international studies with consistent methodologies and statistical analysis are needed to clarify etiological factors and guide clinical management of affected infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T13:07:00Z","timestamp":1763989620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incidence of natal and neonatal teeth: a 15-year retrospective study from the Greater Poland voivodeship"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Suchodolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Forszt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Roszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Paszy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"7173_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mjafi.2018.07.001","volume":"77","author":"A Shivpuri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shivpuri A, Mitra R, Saxena V, Shivpuri A. Natal and neonatal teeth: clinically relevant findings in a retrospective analysis. Med J Armed Forces India. 2021;77(2):154\u20137.","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"issue":"1","key":"7173_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.175698","volume":"10","author":"RBN Yilmaz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yilmaz RBN, Cakan DG, Mesgarzadeh N. Prevalence and management of natal\/neonatal teeth in cleft lip and palate patients. Eur J Dent. 2016;10(1):54\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"7173_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2016.03.009","volume":"116","author":"CH Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang CH, Lin YT, Lin YTJ. A survey of natal and neonatal teeth in newborn infants. J Formos Med Assoc. 2017;116(3):193\u20136.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"7173_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_814_17","volume":"9","author":"S Samuel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Samuel S, Ross B, Rebekah G, Koshy S. Natal and neonatal teeth: a tertiary care experience. Contemp Clin Dent. 2018;9(2):218.","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"key":"7173_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alassaf A. Natal teeth in an infant with Down syndrome: a rare presentation with a genetic evaluation and review of the literature. Cureus. 2022;14(10):e30101.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30101"},{"key":"7173_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"2015","author":"GA Malki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malki GA, Al-Badawi EA, Dahlan MA. Natal teeth: a case report and reappraisal. Case Rep Dent. 2015;2015:1\u20134.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"7173_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"2015","author":"LER Volpato","year":"2015","unstructured":"Volpato LER, Sim\u00f5es CAD, Sim\u00f5es F, Nespolo PA, Borges \u00c1H. Riga-Fede disease associated with Natal teeth: two different approaches in the same case. Case Rep Dent. 2015;2015:1\u20134.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"7173_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.3750","volume":"9","author":"A Aljohar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aljohar A, Alwakeel H, Palma A. Multiple natal teeth in a one-week-old baby: a case report. Clin Case Rep. 2021;9(3):1292\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"7173_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8040539","author":"E Anton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anton E, Doroftei B, Grab D, Forna N, Tomida M, Nicolaiciuc OS, et al. Natal and neonatal teeth: a case report and mecanistical perspective. Healthcare. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare8040539.","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"7173_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/956269","volume":"2013","author":"S Mhaske","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mhaske S, Yuwanati MB, Mhaske A, Ragavendra R, Kamath K, Saawarn S. Natal and neonatal teeth: an overview of the literature. ISRN Pediatr. 2013;2013:1\u201311.","journal-title":"ISRN Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"7173_CR11","first-page":"26","volume":"5","author":"MD Costacurta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Costacurta MD. Riga-Fede disease and neonatal teeth. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2012;5(1):26\u201330.","journal-title":"Oral Implantol (Rome)"},{"key":"7173_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.0903a11","author":"A Y\u00fcrekli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Y\u00fcrekli A, Din\u00e7er D. Successfully treated Riga-Fede disease. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5826\/dpc.0903a11.","journal-title":"Dermatol Pract Concept"},{"issue":"1","key":"7173_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1824-7288-38-20","volume":"38","author":"EH n der Meij","year":"2012","unstructured":"n der Meij EH, de Vries TW, Eggink HF, de Visscher JG. Traumatic lingual ulceration in a newborn: Riga-Fede disease. Ital J Pediatr. 2012;38(1):20.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"7173_CR14","volume":"11","author":"VA Yen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yen VA, Kuppuswami N. Incidence of natal teeth in newborns in government medical college and hospital, Chengalpattu: a pilot study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(4):ZC86\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"7173_CR15","unstructured":"Statistics Poland. Local Data Bank \u2013 Demography. Available from: https:\/\/demografia.stat.gov.pl\/bazademografia\/Tables.aspx. 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Ann Univ Oradea Fasc Ecotoxicol Anim Husb Food Sci Technol. 2018;17(A2018)."},{"issue":"7","key":"7173_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.53350\/pjmhs211571910","volume":"15","author":"R Zafar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zafar R, Bukhari JH, Ahmed MR, Chaudhry S. The frequency of natal and neonatal teeth in a tertiary-care hospital, Southern Punjab. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2021;15(7):1910\u20132.","journal-title":"Pak J Med Health Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"7173_CR20","first-page":"2017","volume":"17","author":"G Gunasekaran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gunasekaran G, Mani G, Rengalakshmi S. Prevalence of natal or neonatal teeth in paediatric dental patients in Chennai - a retrospective study. PalArch\u2019s J Archeology Egypt \/ Egyptol. 2020;17(7):2017\u2013226.","journal-title":"PalArch\u2019s J Archeology Egypt \/ Egyptol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T22:58:20Z","timestamp":1767049100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7173"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07173-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-6831"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and involved only retrospective analysis of fully anonymized data and did not include any direct involvement of patients. In accordance with Polish legislation- Article 26 [\n                      \n                      ] of the Act of 6 November 2008 on the Patients\u2019 Rights and Patients\u2019 Rights Ombudsman (Journal of Laws 2023, item 1545), access to anonymized, exclusively numerical medical data for research purposes does not require patient consent. While seeking medical care, patients effectively consented to data processing. The relevant Poznan University of Medical Sciences bioethics committee (decision n. KB- 526\/25) classified the study non-experimental and therefore ethical approval was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1979"}}