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These implants allow patient-specific designs that adapt to anatomical requirements. However, optimizing stress distribution remains a challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the stress distribution in AMSJIs and surrounding bone by analyzing different framework materials (PEEK and Co-Cr), anterior wing designs (I- and Y-shaped), and cantilever extensions using three-dimensional finite element analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A model was created from a patient with an atrophic, edentulous maxilla. Biomechanical evaluation of eight maxillary implant scenarios was performed under a 200\u00a0N force applied at a 45\u00b0 oblique angle. Stress distribution in the bone, implants, screws, and prosthetic frameworks, as well as prosthetic displacement, was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lowest implant stress (444.5\u00a0MPa) was observed in the Co-Cr group without a cantilever using an I-shaped design, whereas the highest stress (623.0\u00a0MPa) occurred in the Co-Cr group with a cantilever using a Y-shaped design. Prosthetic displacement was greater in cantilevered groups, with PEEK exhibiting more displacement than Co-Cr.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal stress distribution was achieved with the I-shaped design without a cantilever, using Co-Cr. Stress levels were significantly influenced by framework material, wing design, and cantilever presence, underscoring the importance of design and material selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While stress remained within physiological limits in all cases, avoiding cantilevers and selecting a rigid material can optimize Y-shaped designs. PEEK demonstrated favorable properties in cantilevered designs, but its long-term effects on soft tissue and implants warrant further clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07214-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T15:01:19Z","timestamp":1763737279000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of framework material, cantilever design, and wing configuration on stress distribution in patient specific additively manufactured subperiosteal jaw implants: a 3D finite element analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Gokhan","family":"Canko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5273-7774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozge","family":"Doganay Ozyilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"7214_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2018.08.001","volume":"48","author":"M Mommaerts","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mommaerts M. 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