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The retentive guide featured clasp-like extensions, a 0.07\u00a0mm guide-to-tooth offset, and a 2.3\u00a0mm thickness. The fixation pin design had a 0.2\u00a0mm offset, a 3\u00a0mm thickness, and one fixation pin in the distal edentulous region. Eight directional forces were applied through the drill handle. The models were scanned before and after force application. Simulated implants were inserted into 180 scans, resulting in a total of 306 implants. Post-scan data were superimposed onto the initial plan to assess implant and guide deviation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The baseline deviation was 0.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19\u00a0mm for the retentive design and 0.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.14\u00a0mm for the fixation pin design (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.00). Both designs produced simulated implant deviations within the recommended 2\u00a0mm safety margin. However, the retentive design showed significantly greater vertical implant deviation compared to the fixation design (0.99\u2009\u00b1\u20090.76\u00a0mm vs. 0.50\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34\u00a0mm,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incorporating retention features into surgical guides reduces simulated implant displacement in unilateral distal extension cases. However, the retentive guide exhibited larger implant deviations than the fixation design and required additional software adjustments, indicating a need for further refinement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07277-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T04:04:59Z","timestamp":1765425899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integration of unilateral tooth mucosa-supported retentive surgical guide design in implant guided surgery: an in-vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Esraa A.","family":"Elnadoury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousria S.","family":"Gaweesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaimaa M.","family":"Abu el Sadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mervat E.","family":"Abd-Ellah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"7277_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-11-00018","volume":"38","author":"KM D\u2019Souza","year":"2012","unstructured":"D\u2019Souza KM, Aras MA. 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