{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:19:20Z","timestamp":1772165960598,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T04:36:38Z","timestamp":1764736598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography in estimating the 18-year age threshold: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8378-2324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00fcnevver Gamze","family":"Diricanl\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2854-1138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nursel","family":"Akkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9855-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatice Ya\u011fmur","family":"Zengin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"7428_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800972","volume":"190","author":"I Pretty","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pretty I, Sweet D. A look at forensic dentistry\u2013Part 1: the role of teeth in the determination of human identity. Br Dent J. 2001;190(7):359\u201366.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"7428_CR2","volume-title":"Age assessment practices: a literature review & annotated bibliography","author":"T Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith T, Brownlees L. Age assessment practices: a literature review & annotated bibliography. New York: United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF); 2011."},{"key":"7428_CR3","unstructured":"Crawley H. When is a child not a child? Asylum, age disputes and the process of age assessment. Immigration Law Practitioners' Association (ILPA). 2007. https:\/\/www.ilpa.org.uk\/pages\/publications.html."},{"key":"7428_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Greene D, Williams D, Senn DR, Weems RA. Manual of Forensic Odontology: CRC Press; 2013. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/b13744","DOI":"10.1201\/b13744"},{"issue":"6","key":"7428_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-008-0254-2","volume":"122","author":"A Schmeling","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schmeling A, Grundmann C, Fuhrmann A, Kaatsch HJ, Knell B, Ramsthaler F, et al. Criteria for age estimation in living individuals. Int J Legal Med. 2008;122(6):457\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"7428_CR6","volume-title":"Development of human dentition chart","author":"I Schour","year":"1941","unstructured":"Schour I, Massler M. Development of human dentition chart. Chicago: American Dental Association; 1941."},{"key":"7428_CR7","first-page":"1153","volume":"28","author":"M Massler","year":"1941","unstructured":"Massler M. The development of the human dentition. J Am Dent Assoc. 1941;28:1153.","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"7428_CR8","unstructured":"Demirjian A, Goldstein H, Tanner JM. A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45(2):211\u201327."},{"key":"7428_CR9","unstructured":"Nolla CM. The development of permanent teeth. J Dent Child. 1960;27:254\u201366."},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(95)01760-G","volume":"74","author":"SI Kvaal","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kvaal SI, Kolltveit KM, Thomsen IO, Solheim T. Age Estimation of adults from dental radiographs. Forensic Sci Int. 1995;74(3):175\u201385.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1127\/anthranz\/51\/1993\/41","volume":"51","author":"AG Drusini","year":"1993","unstructured":"Drusini AG. Age Estimation from teeth using soft X-ray findings. Anthropol Anz. 1993;51(1):41\u20136.","journal-title":"Anthropol Anz"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1950.0132","volume":"41","author":"G Gustafson","year":"1950","unstructured":"Gustafson G, Malm\u00f6 DO. Age determinations on teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1950;41(1):45\u201354.","journal-title":"J Am Dent Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(62)70094-0","volume":"3","author":"G Dalitz","year":"1962","unstructured":"Dalitz G. Age determination of adult human remains by teeth examination. J Forensic Sci Soc. 1962;3(1):11\u201321.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"7428_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS10735J","volume":"23","author":"W Maples","year":"1978","unstructured":"Maples W. An improved technique using dental histology for Estimation of adult age. J Forensic Sci. 1978;23(4):764\u201370.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199506000-00017","volume":"16","author":"S Ohtani","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ohtani S. Estimation of age from dentin by using the racemization reaction of aspartic acid. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1995;16(2):158\u201361.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140050283","volume":"113","author":"S Ritz-Timme","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ritz-Timme S, Cattaneo C, Collins MJ, Waite ER, Sch\u00fctz HW, Kaatsch HJ, et al. Age estimation: the state of the Art in relation to the specific demands of forensic practise. Int J Legal Med. 2000;113(3):129\u201336.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"7428_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01844824","volume":"108","author":"S Ritz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ritz S, Stock R, Sch\u00fctz H, Kaatsch H-J. Age Estimation in biopsy specimens of dentin. Int J Legal Med. 1995;108:135\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"7428_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-003-0376-5","volume":"117","author":"T Takasaki","year":"2003","unstructured":"Takasaki T, Tsuji A, Ikeda N, Ohishi M. Age Estimation in dental pulp DNA based on human telomere shortening. Int J Legal Med. 2003;117(4):232\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"7057","key":"7428_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/437333a","volume":"437","author":"KL Spalding","year":"2005","unstructured":"Spalding KL, Buchholz BA, Bergman L-E, Druid H, Fris\u00e9n J. Age written in teeth by nuclear tests. Nature. 2005;437(7057):333\u20134.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"7428_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2017.08.017","volume":"52","author":"JS Sehrawat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sehrawat JS, Singh M. Willems method of dental age Estimation in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Forensic Leg Med. 2017;52:122\u20139.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/20961790.2018.1549711","volume":"4","author":"DH Ubelaker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ubelaker DH, Khosrowshahi H. Estimation of age in forensic anthropology: historical perspective and recent methodological advances. Forensic Sci Res. 2019;4(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Res"},{"key":"7428_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-008-0279-6","volume":"122","author":"R Cameriere","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cameriere R, Ferrante L, De Angelis D, Scarpino F, Galli F. The comparison between measurement of open apices of third molars and Demirjian stages to test chronological age of over 18 year olds in living subjects. Int J Legal Med. 2008;122:493\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"7428_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis JM, Senn DR. Dental age Estimation. In: Senn DR, Weem RA (eds). Manual of forensic odontology. 5th edn. CRC Press Taylor&Francis Group, Boca Raton; 2013. pp. 211\u201355.","DOI":"10.1201\/b13744-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.02.046","volume":"165","author":"K Orhan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Orhan K, Ozer L, Orhan A, Dogan S, Paksoy C. Radiographic evaluation of third molar development in relation to chronological age among Turkish children and youth. Forensic Sci Int. 2007;165(1):46\u201351.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS13418J","volume":"38","author":"HH Mincer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mincer HH, Harris EF, Berryman HE. The ABFO study of third molar development and its use as an estimator of chronological age. J Forensic Sci. 1993;38(2):379\u201390.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"7428_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000054","volume":"34","author":"K Cantekin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cantekin K, Sekerci AE, Buyuk SK. Dental computed tomographic imaging as age estimation: morphological analysis of the third molar of a group of Turkish population. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013;34(4):357\u201362.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7428_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2011.01769.x","volume":"56","author":"RB Bassed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bassed RB, Briggs C, Drummer OH. Age Estimation and the developing third molar tooth: an analysis of an Australian population using computed tomography. J Forensic Sci. 2011;56(5):1185\u201391.","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.09.001","volume":"176","author":"R Cameriere","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cameriere R, Ferrante L, Liversidge HM, Prieto JL, Brkic H. Accuracy of age Estimation in children using radiograph of developing teeth. Forensic Sci Int. 2008;176(2):173\u20137.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"7428_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-017-1766-4","volume":"132","author":"BM Santiago","year":"2018","unstructured":"Santiago BM, Almeida L, Cavalcanti YW, Magno MB, Maia LC. Accuracy of the third molar maturity index in assessing the legal age of 18 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Legal Med. 2018;132(4):1167\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR30","first-page":"75","volume":"72","author":"WC Scarfe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scarfe WC, Farman AG, Sukovic P. Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice. Journal-Canadian Dent Assoc. 2006;72(1):75.","journal-title":"Journal-Canadian Dent Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04127-9","volume":"26","author":"R Van Bunningen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Van Bunningen R, Dijkstra P, Dieters A, Van Der Meer W, Kuijpers-Jagtman A, Ren Y. Precision of orthodontic cephalometric measurements on ultra low dose-low dose CBCT reconstructed cephalograms. Clin Oral Invest. 2022;26(2):1543\u201350.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"7428_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5954","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20115954","volume":"20","author":"S Distefano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Distefano S, Cannarozzo MG, Spagnuolo G, Bucci MB, Lo Giudice R. The dedicated CBCT in dentistry. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(11):5954.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000809","volume":"44","author":"ZZ Yurdabakan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yurdabakan ZZ, Karaday\u0131 B, Yetimo\u011flu N. Evaluation of third molar maturity index by cone beam computed tomography in legal age estimation: A preliminary study. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2023;44(2):103\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7428_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2021.2008002","volume":"55","author":"KN \u00c7akan","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c7akan KN, Yal\u00e7\u0131n Yeler D, Eninan\u00e7 \u0130. Comparative assessment of the accuracy of cameriere\u2019s third molar maturation index method among three different radiographic techniques in a Turkish population. Australian J Forensic Sci. 2023;55(5):594\u2013604.","journal-title":"Australian J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"7428_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2024.112024","volume":"359","author":"O Mazi\u00e8res","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mazi\u00e8res O, Blanchard-Muller M, Vidal C, Cyteval C, Baccino E, Martrille L. Applicability of cameriere\u2019s third molar maturity index on orthopantomograms and computed tomography scans from a French population. Forensic Sci Int. 2024;359:112024.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204","volume":"8","author":"JM Bland","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bland JM, Altman DG. Measuring agreement in method comparison studies. Stat Methods Med Res. 1999;8(2):135\u201360.","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02713-w","volume":"136","author":"SB Balla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Balla SB, Kollata VRS, Bathala V, Ganapathy SK, Ch G, Vedula P, et al. Evaluation of the effect of impaction on the mineralization of mandibular third molars and forensic age Estimation in a sample of South Indian children. Int J Legal Med. 2022;136(3):861\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"7428_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.876","volume":"217","author":"C Yeung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yeung C. Book review: oral health surveys: basic methods, 5th edition. Br Dent J. 2014;217:333.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR39","first-page":"59","volume":"1","author":"C Ates","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ates C, \u00d6ztuna D, Gen\u00e7 Y. Saglik Arastirmalarinda sinif I\u00e7i Korelasyon Katsayisinin Kullanimi\/The use of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in medical research: review. T\u00fcrkiye Klinikleri Biyoistatistik. 2009;1(2):59\u201364.","journal-title":"T\u00fcrkiye Klinikleri Biyoistatistik"},{"key":"7428_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George D, Mallery P. IBM SPSS statistics 29 step by step: A simple guide and reference. 18th ed. Routledge; 2024. p. 238\u201350.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781032622156-19"},{"key":"7428_CR41","unstructured":"Alpar R. Uygulamal\u0131 istatistik ve ge\u00e7erlik-g\u00fcvenirlik: spor, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim bilimlerinden \u00f6rneklerle. 8th ed. Detay Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara, 2025. p. 580\u20131."},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.5455\/jmood.20130830051624","volume":"3","author":"S K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","year":"2013","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 S. Klinik Karar Vermede ROC analizi. J Mood Disorders. 2013;3(3):135\u201340.","journal-title":"J Mood Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.32960\/uead.1166987","volume":"6","author":"F Ta\u015fdemir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ta\u015fdemir F. ROC analizi ve R yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Ile Verilerin s\u0131n\u0131flama do\u011fruluklar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. Ulusal E\u011fitim Akademisi Dergisi. 2022;6(2):230\u201341.","journal-title":"Ulusal E\u011fitim Akademisi Dergisi"},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR44","first-page":"1","volume":"1577","author":"UG Assembly","year":"1989","unstructured":"Assembly UG. Convention on the rights of the Child. United nations. Treaty Ser. 1989;1577(3):1\u201323.","journal-title":"Treaty Ser"},{"key":"7428_CR45","unstructured":"Turkish Penal Code. Law no.: 5237. (2004) Official Gazette 2004 (in Turkish). https:\/\/resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2004\/10\/20041012.htm."},{"issue":"2","key":"7428_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.05.016","volume":"165","author":"A Schmeling","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schmeling A, Geserick G, Reisinger W, Olze A. Age Estimation. Forensic Sci Int. 2007;165(2):178\u201381.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02476.x","volume":"101","author":"A Hjern","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hjern A, Brendler-Lindqvist M, Norredam M. Age assessment of young asylum seekers. Acta Paediatr. 2012;101(1):4\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/18918131.2025.2458401","volume":"43","author":"GM Quan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Quan GM, Skelton A. Age determination of unaccompanied migrant children: an appraisal of the jurisprudence of the committee on the rights of the child. Nordic J Hum Rights. 2025;43(1):59\u201381.","journal-title":"Nordic J Hum Rights"},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.35440\/hutfd.982364","volume":"18","author":"K Kaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaya K, Aslan S, \u00d6zesen TA, G\u00fclmen MK. \u00c7ukurova \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi adli T\u0131p anabilim Dal\u0131na 2019\u20132020 Y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ya\u015f Tayini \u0130\u00e7in Ba\u015fvuran M\u00fclteci Olgular\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi. Harran \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi. 2021;18(3):446\u201351.","journal-title":"Harran \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"key":"7428_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.01.004","volume":"272","author":"S AlQahtani","year":"2017","unstructured":"AlQahtani S, Kawthar A, AlAraik A, AlShalan A. Third molar cut-off value in assessing the legal age of 18 in Saudi population. Forensic Sci Int. 2017;272:64\u20137.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"7428_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2015.11.007","volume":"38","author":"S De Luca","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Luca S, Pacifici A, Pacifici L, Polimeni A, Fischetto SG, Velandia Palacio LA, et al. Third molar development by measurements of open apices in an Italian sample of living subjects. J Forensic Leg Med. 2016;38:36\u201342.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"7428_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.109917","volume":"304","author":"APL N\u00f3brega JBMd, Protasio","year":"2019","unstructured":"N\u00f3brega JBMd, Protasio APL, Ribeiro ILA, Valen\u00e7a AMG, Santiago BM, Cameriere R. Validation of the third molar maturation index to estimate the age of criminal responsibility in Northeastern Brazil. Forensic Sci Int. 2019;304:109917.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"7428_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-005-0530-3","volume":"119","author":"JL Prieto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Prieto JL, Barber\u00eda E, Ortega R, Maga\u00f1a C. Evaluation of chronological age based on third molar development in the Spanish population. Int J Legal Med. 2005;119(6):349\u201354.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"7428_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-012-0753-z","volume":"126","author":"A Olze","year":"2012","unstructured":"Olze A, Niekerk Pv, Schulz R, Ribbecke S, Schmeling A. The influence of impaction on the rate of third molar mineralisation in male black Africans. Int J Legal Med. 2012;126:869\u201374.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR55","first-page":"238","volume":"232","author":"OH Karata\u015f","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karata\u015f OH, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk F, Dedeo\u011flu N, \u00c7olak C, Altun O. Radiographic evaluation of third-molar development in relation to the chronological age of Turkish children in the Southwest Eastern Anatolia region. Forensic Sci Int. 2013;232(1):238.e1-.e5.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"7428_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02656-2","volume":"135","author":"N Angelakopoulos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Angelakopoulos N, Gali\u0107 I, Balla S, Ki\u015f H, G\u00f3mez Jim\u00e9nez L, Zolotenkova G, et al. Comparison of the third molar maturity index (I3M) between left and right lower third molars to assess the age of majority: a multi-ethnic study sample. Int J Legal Med. 2021;135(6):2423\u201336.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"7428_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744373","volume":"17","author":"N Giannitto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giannitto N, Militi A, Sapienza D, Scurria S, Gualniera P, Mondello C, et al. Application of third molar maturity index (I3M) for assessing adult age of 18 years in a Southern Italian population sample. Eur J Dentistry. 2023;17(01):200\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Dentistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"7428_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4103\/tjem.tjem_182_23","volume":"23","author":"\u015eK \u00c7orbac\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c7orbac\u0131o\u011flu \u015eK, Aksel G. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in diagnostic accuracy studies: A guide to interpreting the area under the curve value. Turkish J Emerg Med. 2023;23(4):195\u20138.","journal-title":"Turkish J Emerg Med"},{"key":"7428_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.10.036","volume":"235","author":"S De Luca","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Luca S, Biagi R, Begnoni G, Farronato G, Cingolani M, Merelli V, et al. Accuracy of cameriere\u2019s cut-off value for third molar in assessing 18 years of age. Forensic Sci Int. 2014;235:102. e1-. e6.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"7428_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-65232010000400013","volume":"25","author":"P Ara\u00fajo AMMd","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo AMMd P, KPd MLAFran\u00e7a, Beltr\u00e3o RV, Pontual AA. Association between mineralization of third molars and chronological age in a Brazilian sample. Revista Odonto Ci\u00eancia. 2010;25:391\u20134.","journal-title":"Revista Odonto Ci\u00eancia"},{"key":"7428_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2015.04.016","volume":"33","author":"AR Deitos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deitos AR, Costa C, Michel-Crosato E, Gali\u0107 I, Cameriere R, Biazevic MGH. Age Estimation among brazilians: younger or older than 18? J Forensic Leg Med. 2015;33:111\u20135.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"7428_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blankenship JA, Mincer HH, Anderson KM, Woods MA, Burton EL, editors. Third molar development in the Estimation of chronologic age in American Blacks as compared with Whites. Journal of Forensic Sciences; 2007;52(2):428\u201333.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2006.00356.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"7428_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2020.1729412","volume":"53","author":"N Akkaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akkaya N, Yilanci H\u00d6. Assessment of third molar maturity index for legal age threshold of 18 in a sample of Turkish individuals. Australian J Forensic Sci. 2021;53(3):314\u201324.","journal-title":"Australian J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR64","first-page":"87","volume":"46","author":"C Oakley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Oakley C, Brunette DM. The use of diagnostic data in clinical dental practice. Dent Clin. 2002;46(1):87\u2013115.","journal-title":"Dent Clin"},{"key":"7428_CR65","unstructured":"Karjodkar FR. Essentials of oral & maxillofacial radiology. 2nd ed. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; New Delphi: 2019;204\u20139."},{"issue":"1","key":"7428_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.08.018","volume":"154","author":"PM Garamendi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garamendi PM, Landa MI, Ballesteros J, Solano MA. Reliability of the methods applied to assess age minority in living subjects around 18 years old: A survey on a Moroccan origin population. Forensic Sci Int. 2005;154(1):3\u201312.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"14","key":"7428_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/59\/14\/3877","volume":"59","author":"R Pauwels","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pauwels R, Cockmartin L, Ivanauskait\u00e9 D, Urbonien\u0117 A, Gavala S, Donta C, et al. Estimating cancer risk from dental cone-beam CT exposures based on skin dosimetry. Phys Med Biol. 2014;59(14):3877.","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"7428_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merdietio Boedi R, Shepherd S, M\u00e2nica S, Franco A. CBCT in dental age estimation: A systematic review and meta analysis. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol. 2022;51(4):20210335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/dmfr.20210335.","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20210335"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T14:04:50Z","timestamp":1767794690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07428-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7621082\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study (Research Number: SBA 23\/248) was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Hacettepe University Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (Session Date: October 24, 2023; Session No: 2023\/05; Decision No: 2023\/05\u201313). This is a retrospective archive study. However, informed consent is obtained from all patients examined in our clinic.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"29"}}