{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T09:32:26Z","timestamp":1768383146917,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005317","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T05:16:31Z","timestamp":1765257391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dental visits in crisis: analyzing dental service utilization amidst the pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Mirzaei-Alavijeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Khashij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Gharibnavaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Negar","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samane","family":"Dasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farzad","family":"Jalilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"7450_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031626","volume":"19","author":"E Rodakowska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rodakowska E, Jamiolkowski J, Baginska J, Kaminska I, Gabiec K, Stachurska Z, et al. Oral health\u2013related quality of life and missing teeth in an adult population: a cross-sectional study from Poland. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1626.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003218","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003218","volume":"4","author":"FB Lawal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lawal FB, Idiga E, Fagbule OF, Ajayi IJ, Amusa F, Adejumo O, et al. Association between self-reported oral habits and oral health related quality of life of adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. PLoS Glob Public Health. 2024;4(5):e0003218.","journal-title":"PLoS Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"7450_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-023-03757-7","volume":"27","author":"J Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar J, Crall JJ, Holt K. Oral health of women and children: progress, challenges, and priorities. Matern Child Health J. 2023;27(11):1930\u201342.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"3","key":"7450_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.22514\/jocpd.2024.057","volume":"48","author":"V Jes\u00fas Delgado-P\u00e9rez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jes\u00fas Delgado-P\u00e9rez V, Nahum Salmer\u00f3n-Valdez E, Leticia Robles-Bermeo N, Lucas Rinc\u00f3n SE, Ortiz MI, de la Rosa-Santillana R, et al. Self-reported dental pain in Mexican schoolchildren: a national ecological study. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024;48(3):37\u201345.","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"10","key":"7450_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515602879","volume":"94","author":"S Listl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Listl S, Galloway J, Mossey PA, Marcenes W. Global economic impact of dental diseases. J Dent Res. 2015;94(10):1355\u201361.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-024-02279-0","volume":"23","author":"S Chamut","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chamut S, Alhassan M, Hameedaldeen A, Kaplish S, Yang AH, Wade CG, et al. Every bite counts to achieve oral health: a scoping review on diet and oral health preventive practices. Int J Equity Health. 2024;23(1):1\u201388.","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"7450_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12268","volume":"45","author":"RV Harris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harris RV, Pennington A, Whitehead M. Preventive dental visiting: a critical interpretive synthesis of theory explaining how inequalities arise. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2017;45(2):120\u201334.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0295","volume":"95","author":"S Vygen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vygen S, Tiffany A, Rull M, Ventura A, Wolz A, Jambai A, et al. Changes in health-seeking behavior did not result in increased all-cause mortality during the Ebola outbreak in Western Area, Sierra Leone. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016;95(4):897.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7450_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004899","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004899","volume":"10","author":"A Kuehne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuehne A, Lynch E, Marshall E, Tiffany A, Alley I, Bawo L, et al. Mortality, morbidity and health-seeking behaviour during the Ebola epidemic 2014\u20132015 in Monrovia results from a mobile phone survey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(8):e0004899.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"7450_CR10","first-page":"17","volume":"35","author":"K Murphy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Murphy K, Garriguet D, Rotermann M. Reported need for and access to oral health care services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Health Rep. 2024;35(2):17\u201329.","journal-title":"Health Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520914246","volume":"99","author":"L Meng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meng L, Hua F, Bian Z. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): emerging and future challenges for dental and oral medicine. J Dent Res. 2020;99(5):481\u20137.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0075-9","volume":"12","author":"X Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng X, Xu X, Li Y, Cheng L, Zhou X, Ren B. Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. Int J Oral Sci. 2020;12(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B2010010","volume":"21","author":"ZY Ge","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ge ZY, Yang LM, Xia JJ, Fu XH, Zhang YZ. Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21(5):361.","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR14","first-page":"418","volume":"51","author":"I Abramovitz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abramovitz I, Palmon A, Levy D, Karabucak B, Kot-Limon N, Shay B, et al. Dental care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: operatory considerations and clinical aspects. Quintess Int. 2020;51(5):418\u201329.","journal-title":"Quintess Int"},{"key":"7450_CR15","volume":"34","author":"MJ Gonz\u00e1lez-Olmo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Olmo MJ, Ortega-Mart\u00ednez AR, Delgado-Ramos B, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Diaz M. Perceived vulnerability to coronavirus infection: impact on dental practice. Braz Oral Res. 2020;34:e044.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR16","volume":"9","author":"E Shamsoddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shamsoddin E, DeTora LM, Tovani-Palone MR, Bierer BE. Dental care in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: a review. Med Sci. 2021;9(1):13.","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03740-2","volume":"24","author":"A Akbari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Akbari A, Khami MR, Beymouri A, Akbari S. Dental service utilization and the COVID-19 pandemic, a micro-data analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):16.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04726-4","volume":"24","author":"F Farrokhi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Farrokhi F, Farrokhi F, Mohebbi SZ, Khami MR. A scoping review of the impact of COVID-19 on dentistry: financial aspects. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):945.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"7450_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12883","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912883","volume":"19","author":"HR Eun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eun HR, Park JT, Jang JH. Factors related to the intention to use dental care by industrial workers due to COVID-19: application of Anderson model and planned behavior theory. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19):12883.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1002\/hbe2.195","volume":"2","author":"I Ajzen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior: frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies. 2020;2(4):314\u201324.","journal-title":"Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03694-5","volume":"23","author":"S Khairinisa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khairinisa S, Darwita RR, Maharani DA, Setiawati F. Application of the extended theory of planned behavior to predict dentist intention and behavior in providing caries preventive care for preschool children. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):970.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"7450_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2024.01.013","volume":"14","author":"BK Aparna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aparna BK, Yashoda R, Puranik MP. Autonomy and factors affecting dental health care seeking behaviour in women: an application of theory of planned behaviour. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2024;14(2):175\u20139.","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.5771\/2192-4007-2016-4-367","volume":"5","author":"DJ Leiner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leiner DJ. Our research\u2019s breadth lives on convenience samples A case study of the online respondent pool \u201cSoSci Panel.\u201d SCM Stud Commun Media. 2017;5(4):367\u201396.","journal-title":"SCM Stud Commun Media"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0558-7","volume":"18","author":"AN \u00c5str\u00f8m","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u00c5str\u00f8m AN, Lie SA, G\u00fclcan F. Applying the theory of planned behavior to self-report dental attendance in Norwegian adults through structural equation modelling approach. BMC Oral Health. 2018;18(1):95.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20199","volume":"30","author":"DF Polit","year":"2007","unstructured":"Polit DF, Beck CT, Owen SV. Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Res Nurs Health. 2007;30(4):459\u201367.","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x","volume":"28","author":"CH Lawshe","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Pers Psychol. 1975;28(4):563\u201375.","journal-title":"Pers Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7450_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/01490400.2015.1127189","volume":"39","author":"JJ Vaske","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vaske JJ, Beaman J, Sponarski CC. Rethinking internal consistency in Cronbach\u2019s alpha. Leis Sci. 2017;39(2):163\u201373.","journal-title":"Leis Sci"},{"key":"7450_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosmer Jr DW, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley & Sons; 2013 Feb 26.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR29","first-page":"43","volume":"24","author":"HK Yip","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yip HK, Tsang PC, Samaranayake LP, Li AH. Knowledge of and attitudes toward severe acute respiratory syndrome among a cohort of dental patients in Hong Kong following a major local outbreak. Community Dent Health. 2007;24(1):43.","journal-title":"Community Dent Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR30","volume":"10","author":"N Ashok","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ashok N, Rodrigues JC, Azouni K, Darwish S, Abuderman A, Alkaabba AA, et al. Knowledge and apprehension of dental patients about MERS-a questionnaire survey. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH. 2016;10(5):ZC58.","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH"},{"key":"7450_CR31","volume":"34","author":"J Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun J, Xu Y, Qu Q, Luo W. Knowledge of and attitudes toward COVID-19 among parents of child dental patients during the outbreak. Braz Oral Res. 2020;34:e066.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000875","volume":"39","author":"DR Garfin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garfin DR, Silver RC, Holman EA. The novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) outbreak: amplification of public health consequences by media exposure. Health Psychol. 2020;39(5):355.","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"issue":"21","key":"7450_CR33","first-page":"48","volume":"12","author":"MR Khami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khami MR, Karimi M, Folayan MO, Shamshiri AR, Phantumvanit P, Soto-Rojas AE, et al. Validation of a questionnaire on COVID-19 knowledge and attitude for dental patients. Frontiers in Dentistry. 2024;12(21):48.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Dentistry"},{"key":"7450_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236387","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2023.1236387","volume":"4","author":"S Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan S, Zheng Y, Sun Z, Humphris G. Does fear of infection affect people\u2019s dental attendance during COVID-19? A Chinese example to examine the association between COVID anxiety and dental anxiety. Frontiers in Oral Health. 2023;4:1236387.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3390\/encyclopedia2010022","volume":"2","author":"S Salgarello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salgarello S, Audino E, Bertoletti P, Salvadori M, Garo ML. Dental patients\u2019 perspective on COVID-19: a systematic review. Encyclopedia. 2022;2(1):365\u201382.","journal-title":"Encyclopedia"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052491","volume":"18","author":"A Hajek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hajek A, Kretzler B, Koenig HH. Factors associated with dental service use based on the Andersen model: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(5):2491.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"7450_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.47042\/ACSW.2019.02.62.53","volume":"62","author":"SA Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim SA. A systematic review of studies on current status and influencing factors of unmet medical needs in Korea. J Crit Soc Welfare. 2019;62:53.","journal-title":"J Crit Soc Welfare"},{"key":"7450_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01577-1","volume":"21","author":"DE Meisha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meisha DE, Alsolami AM, Alharbi GM. Social determinants of seeking emergency and routine dental care in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21:1\u20132.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"7450_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0286945","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286945","volume":"18","author":"P Nagdev","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nagdev P, Iyer MR, Naik S, Khanagar SB, Awawdeh M, Al Kheraif AA, et al. Andersen health care utilization model: a survey on factors affecting the utilization of dental health services among school children. PLoS One. 2023;18(6):e0286945.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"7450_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2015.1077155","volume":"10","author":"G Kok","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kok G, Gottlieb NH, Peters GJ, Mullen PD, Parcel GS, Ruiter RA, et al. A taxonomy of behaviour change methods: an intervention mapping approach. Health Psychol Rev. 2016;10(3):297\u2013312.","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9010062","volume":"9","author":"K Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang K, Wong EL, Ho KF, Cheung AW, Yau PS, Dong D, et al. Change of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine and reasons of vaccine hesitancy of working people at different waves of local epidemic in Hong Kong, China: repeated cross-sectional surveys. Vaccines. 2021;9(1):62.","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"7450_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2021.02.025","volume":"194","author":"G Troiano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Troiano G, Nardi A. Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19. Public Health. 2021;194:245\u201351.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"42","key":"7450_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.08.043","volume":"38","author":"PL Reiter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reiter PL, Pennell ML, Katz ML. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: how many people would get vaccinated? Vaccine. 2020;38(42):6500\u20137.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"7450_CR44","first-page":"JCMC1034","volume":"10","author":"KB Wright","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wright KB. Researching internet-based populations: advantages and disadvantages of online survey research, online questionnaire authoring software packages, and web survey services. J Comput-Mediat Comm. 2005;10(3):JCMC1034.","journal-title":"J Comput-Mediat Comm"},{"issue":"4","key":"7450_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/18790","volume":"22","author":"P Geldsetzer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Geldsetzer P. Use of rapid online surveys to assess people\u2019s perceptions during infectious disease outbreaks: a cross-sectional survey on COVID-19. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(4):e18790.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfn063","volume":"72","author":"F Kreuter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kreuter F, Presser S, Tourangeau R. Social desirability bias in CATI, IVR, and web surveys: the effects of mode and question sensitivity. Public Opin Q. 2008;72(5):847\u201365.","journal-title":"Public Opin Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"7450_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-024-02220-5","volume":"23","author":"A Joudi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Joudi A, Sargeran K, Hessari H. To appreciate the influence of contributed determinants on dental care utilization in the context of socio-economic inequalities. Int J Equity Health. 2024;23(1):141.","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"7450_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.17.035","volume":"50","author":"G Moradi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moradi G, Moinafshar A, Adabi H, Sharafi M, Mostafavi F, Bolbanabad AM. Socioeconomic inequalities in the oral health of people aged 15\u201340 years in Kurdistan, Iran in 2015: a cross-sectional study. J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(5):303.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Public Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T04:55:21Z","timestamp":1768366521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7450"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07450-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol (Ethics ID: IR.KUMS.REC.1400.480) was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution and the national research committee, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Prior to participation, all individuals received comprehensive information about the study, including its procedures, confidentiality of data, and objectives. Participants were provided with the participant information statement online and signed the consent form electronically. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"86"}}