{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:19:22Z","timestamp":1772165962677,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Heidelberg der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While many German children and young adults receive orthodontic treatment (OTx), the number of patients requiring periodontal treatment is increasing due to demographic changes. Investigating the long-term effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health, particularly in patients developing periodontitis, is therefore of public health interest. Primary aim was to evaluate whether an anamnestic history of OTx affects the progression of periodontal parameters over a ten-year period of supportive periodontal care (SPC). Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether orthodontic treatment need in SPC patients correlates with periodontal and dental parameters change during the preceding ten years of SPC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty periodontitis patients with ten years (\u00b1\u2009six months) of SPC received digital intraoral scans during cross-sectional SPC follow-up examination (T1). Patients\u2019 previous orthodontic treatment (POT) or no treatment (NOT) was recorded. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) at T1 was assessed. Dental and periodontal parameters were recorded and compared with retrospective data from ten years (\u00b1\u2009six months) earlier (T0). The association between changes in clinical attachment levels (CAL T0-T1) and treatment group (POT\/NOT) was analysed (multiple linear regression). Spearman correlation between IOTN and clinical parameters change was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The change in parameters from T0 to T1 was as follows (POT:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200924 patients, NOT:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936 patients): Mean tooth loss: 0.92\u2009\u00b1\u20091.74 vs. 0.64\u2009\u00b1\u20090.90; Mean probing pocket depth: -0.03\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33\u00a0mm vs. 0.05\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51\u00a0mm; Mean CAL: 0.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59\u00a0mm vs. 0.09\u2009\u00b1\u20090.66\u00a0mm. No association was found between CAL change and treatment group. Only a negligible correlation between IOTN and changes in dental, periodontal, and oral hygiene parameters was found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with successfully treated periodontitis, both with and without a history of orthodontic treatment, show a high level of periodontal stability during long-term SPC and comparable orthodontic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical trial registration number on the German clinical trials register: DRKS00011316 (Registration date 17th November 2016).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T05:15:51Z","timestamp":1765948551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of previous orthodontic treatment on periodontal status of patients in long-term supportive periodontal care"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Sonnenschein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander-Nicolaus","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"B\u00fcsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinclair","family":"Awounvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"\u015een","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ti-Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520908533","volume":"99","author":"E Bernabe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bernabe E, Marcenes W, Hernandez CR, Bailey J, Abreu LG, Alipour V, et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2017 study. J Dent Res. 2020;99(4):362\u201373.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"7534_CR2","first-page":"S40","volume":"56","author":"P Eickholz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Eickholz P, Holtfreter B, Kuhr K, Dannewitz B, Jordan AR, Kocher T. Prevalence of the periodontal status in germany: results of the 6th German oral health study (DMS \u2022 6). Quintessence Int. 2025;56(11):S40\u20137.","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7534_CR3","first-page":"S74","volume":"89","author":"ILC Chapple","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chapple ILC, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE, Bartold PM, Dommisch H, Eickholz P, et al. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol. 2018;89(Suppl 1):S74\u201384.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"Suppl 22","key":"7534_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13290","volume":"47","author":"M Sanz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sanz M, Herrera D, Kebschull M, Chapple I, Jepsen S, Beglundh T, et al. Treatment of stage I-III periodontitis-The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(Suppl 22):4\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7534_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13252","volume":"47","author":"SK Sonnenschein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sonnenschein SK, Kohnen R, Ruetters M, Krisam J, Kim TS. Adherence to long-term supportive periodontal therapy in groups with different periodontal risk profiles. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(3):351\u201361.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/10.1.76","volume":"10","author":"M Addy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Addy M, Griffiths GS, Dummer PM, Kingdon A, Hicks R, Hunter ML, et al. The association between tooth irregularity and plaque accumulation, gingivitis, and caries in 11-12-year-old children. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10(1):76\u201383.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"7534_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60071139","author":"ZM Alhafi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alhafi ZM, Hajeer MY, Latifeh Y, Almusawi AOA, Burhan AS, Azizia T, et al. The impact of non-extraction orthodontic treatment on the oral-health-related quality of life between a modified aligner appliance with Ni-Ti springs and the traditional fixed appliances: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina60071139.","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2018.01.007","volume":"34","author":"Y Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Y, Jacox LA, Little SH, Ko CC. Orthodontic tooth movement: the biology and clinical implications. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2018;34(4):207\u201314.","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR9","first-page":"e78909","volume":"17","author":"ZM Alhafi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alhafi ZM, Hajeer MY, Burhan AS, Ajaj MA, Jaber ST, Almusawi AOA. Periodontal health changes during lower anterior crowding treatment with a modified Inman appliance: a prospective cohort study. Cureus. 2025;17(2):e78909.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12554","volume":"70","author":"B Enzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Enzo B. Malocclusion in orthodontics and oral health: adopted by the general assembly: September 2019, San Francisco, united States of America. Int Dent J. 2020;70(1):11\u20132.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"7534_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ejo.a035999","volume":"11","author":"PH Brook","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brook PH, Shaw WC. The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority. Eur J Orthod. 1989;11(3):309\u201320.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101036","volume":"23","author":"ZM Alhafi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alhafi ZM, Hajeer MY, Alam MK, Jaber S, Jaber ST. Effectiveness and efficiency of indirect bonding techniques: an umbrella review with meta-analysis of the pooled findings. Int Orthod. 2025;23(4):101036.","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"key":"7534_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schlenz MA, Schubert V, Schmidt A, Wostmann B, Ruf S, Klaus K. Digital versus conventional impression taking focusing on interdental areas: A clinical trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(13):4725\u20138.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17134725.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134725"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR14","first-page":"11","volume":"22","author":"A Ender","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ender A, Zimmermann M, Mehl A. Accuracy of complete- and partial-arch impressions of actual intraoral scanning systems in vitro. Int J Comput Dent. 2019;22(1):11\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70233-1","volume":"114","author":"L Bondemark","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bondemark L. Interdental bone changes after orthodontic treatment: a 5-year longitudinal study. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthopedics: Official Publication Am Association Orthodontists its Constituent Soc Am Board Orthod. 1998;114(1):25\u201331.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthopedics: Official Publication Am Association Orthodontists its Constituent Soc Am Board Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12031","volume":"17","author":"E Ghijselings","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghijselings E, Coucke W, Verdonck A, Teughels W, Quirynen M, Pauwels M, et al. Long-term changes in microbiology and clinical periodontal variables after completion of fixed orthodontic appliances. Orthodontics & craniofacial research. 2013;17(1):49\u201359.","journal-title":"Orthodontics & craniofacial research"},{"issue":"5","key":"7534_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjm050","volume":"29","author":"SC Gomes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gomes SC, Varela CC, da Veiga SL, Rosing CK, Oppermann RV. Periodontal conditions in subjects following orthodontic therapy. A preliminary study. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29(5):477\u201381.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(88)90193-X","volume":"93","author":"AM Polson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Polson AM, Subtelny JD, Meitner SW, Polson AP, Sommers EW, Iker HP, et al. Long-term periodontal status after orthodontic treatment. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics\u202f: official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics. 1988;93(1):51\u20138.","journal-title":"American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics"},{"issue":"8","key":"7534_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2008.72.8.tb04567.x","volume":"72","author":"AM Bollen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bollen AM. Effects of malocclusions and orthodontics on periodontal health: evidence from a systematic review. J Dent Educ. 2008;72(8):912\u20138.","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0184","volume":"139","author":"AM Bollen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bollen AM, Cunha-Cruz J, Bakko DW, Huang GJ, Hujoel PP. The effects of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health: a systematic review of controlled evidence. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008;139(4):413\u201322.","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"7534_CR21","unstructured":"Hoffmann A, Krupka S, Seidlitz C, Sussmann S, Sander I, Gothe H. Kieferorthop\u00e4dische Behandlungsma\u00dfnahmen. 2025.\u00a0https:\/\/www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de\/fileadmin\/Dateien\/5_Publikationen\/Praevention\/Berichte\/IGES_Gutachten_KfO.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2018."},{"key":"7534_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Macey R, Thiruvenkatachari B, O\u2019Brien K, Batista K. Do malocclusion and orthodontic treatment impact oral health? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop . 2020;157(6):738\u201344 e10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.01.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.01.015"},{"key":"7534_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martin C, Celis B, Ambrosio N, Bollain J, Antonoglou GN, Figuero E. Effect of orthodontic therapy in periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49(Suppl 24):72\u2013101.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.13487.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13487"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjad003","volume":"45","author":"E Zas\u010diurinskien\u0117","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zas\u010diurinskien\u0117 E, Rastokait\u0117 L, Lindsten R, Basevi\u010dien\u0117 N, \u0160idlauskas A. Malocclusions, pathologic tooth migration, and the need for orthodontic treatment in subjects with stage III-IV periodontitis. A cross-sectional study. Eur J Orthod. 2023;45(4):418\u201329.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"11","key":"7534_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-03936-2","volume":"25","author":"P Meyer-Marcotty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meyer-Marcotty P, Klenke D, Knocks L, Santander P, Hrasky V, Quast A. The adult orthodontic patient over 40 years of age: association between periodontal bone loss, incisor irregularity, and increased orthodontic treatment need. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(11):6357\u201364.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04822-1","volume":"27","author":"C Erbe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erbe C, Heger S, Kasaj A, Berres M, Wehrbein H. Orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised patients: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(1):79\u201389.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"6","key":"7534_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3756","volume":"38","author":"M Roccuzzo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roccuzzo M, Marchese S, Dalmasso P, Roccuzzo A. Periodontal regeneration and orthodontic treatment of severely periodontally compromised teeth: 10-year results of a prospective study. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2018;38(6):801\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"7534_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577654","volume":"18","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, Initiative ftS. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Epidemiology. 2007;18(6):800\u20134.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"7534_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2018.1483528","volume":"76","author":"SK Sonnenschein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sonnenschein SK, Betzler C, Kohnen R, Krisam J, Kim TS. Oral health-related quality of life in patients under supportive periodontal therapy. Acta Odontol Scand. 2018;76(8):572\u20139.","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"0","key":"7534_CR30","first-page":"0","volume":"0","author":"SK Sonnenschein","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sonnenschein SK, Ziegler P, Kim TS. Long-term changes in gingival recessions and their impact on oral health-related quality of life in patients under supportive periodontal therapy: a bidirectional cohort study. Quintessence Int. 2025;0(0):0.","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR31","first-page":"229","volume":"25","author":"J Ainamo","year":"1975","unstructured":"Ainamo J, Bay I. Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque. Int Dent J. 1975;25(4):229\u201335.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.1.38","volume":"43","author":"TJ O\u2019Leary","year":"1972","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary TJ, Drake RB, Naylor JE. The plaque control record. J Periodontol. 1972;43(1):38.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7534_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1975.tb01734.x","volume":"2","author":"S-E Hamp","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hamp S-E, Nyman S, Lindhe J. Periodontal treatment of multi rooted teeth. J Clin Periodontol. 1975;2(3):126\u201335.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1975.tb01727.x","volume":"2","author":"J Lindhe","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lindhe J, Nyman S. The effect of plaque control and surgical pocket elimination on the establishment and maintenance of periodontal health. A longitudinal study of periodontal therapy in cases of advanced disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1975;2(2):67\u201379.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"7534_CR35","unstructured":"Ramseier CA, Lang NP. Die Parodontalbetreuung. Ein lernprogramm Zur Qualit\u00e4tssicherung in der parodontologie (CD-ROM). Quintessenz; 1999.\u00a0https:\/\/www.quintessenz.de\/downloads\/booklet_ramseier_de.pdf. Assessed 15 Dec 2025."},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01184.x","volume":"35","author":"P Eickholz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Eickholz P, Kaltschmitt J, Berbig J, Reitmeir P, Pretzl B. Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 1: patient-related factors for risk, prognosis, and quality of outcome. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(2):165\u201374.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7534_CR37","first-page":"S173","volume":"89","author":"PN Papapanou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N, Dietrich T, Feres M, Fine DH, et al. Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and Peri-Implant diseases and conditions. J Periodontol. 2018;89(Suppl 1):S173\u201382.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR38","first-page":"41","volume":"22","author":"M Feres","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feres M, Retamal-Valdes B, Faveri M, Duarte P, Shibli J, Soares GMS, et al. Proposal of a clinical endpoint for periodontal trials: the Treat-to-Target approach. J Int Acad Periodontol. 2020;22(2):41\u201353.","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"issue":"0","key":"7534_CR39","first-page":"0","volume":"0","author":"SK Sonnenschein","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sonnenschein SK, Kim TS, Spies AN, Ruetters M, Spindler M, B\u00fcsch C, et al. Remote assessment of dental records by using intraoral scan-based digital three-dimensional models in an elderly patient population - an exploratory study. Int J Comput Dent. 2023;0(0):0.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR40","first-page":"57","volume":"63","author":"LL So","year":"1993","unstructured":"So LL, Tang EL. A comparative study using the occlusal index and the index of orthodontic treatment need. Angle Orthod. 1993;63(1):57\u201364. discussion 5\u20136.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"10","key":"7534_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808776","volume":"178","author":"S Richmond","year":"1995","unstructured":"Richmond S, Shaw WC, O\u2019Brien KD, Buchanan IB, Stephens CD, Andrews M, Roberts CT. The relationship between the index of orthodontic treatment need and consensus opinion of a panel of 74 dentists. Br Dent J. 1995;178(10):370\u20134.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"7534_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spies A-N, Alexandrou K, Heberer M-T, B\u00fcsch C, Sonnenschein SK, Kim TIS, \u015een S. Reliability and self-perception of semi-automatically assessed orthodontic treatment need in elderly patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy \u2013 a cross-sectional study. Clin Invest Orthod. 2024;83:1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1080\/27705781.2024.2389359"},{"issue":"3","key":"7534_CR43","first-page":"69","volume":"24","author":"MM Mukaka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mukaka MM. Statistics corner: a guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med J. 2012;24(3):69\u201371.","journal-title":"Malawi Med J"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7534_CR44","first-page":"S237","volume":"89","author":"S Jepsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jepsen S, Caton JG, Albandar JM, Bissada NF, Bouchard P, Cortellini P, et al. Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and Peri-Implant diseases and conditions. J Periodontol. 2018;89(Suppl 1):S237\u201348.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"7534_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Renkema AM, Fudalej PS, Renkema A, Kiekens R, Katsaros C. Development of labial gingival recessions in orthodontically treated patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;143(2):206\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.09.018.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.09.018"},{"issue":"5","key":"7534_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.09.027","volume":"151","author":"JW Morris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morris JW, Campbell PM, Tadlock LP, Boley J, Buschang PH. Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic tooth movements. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthopedics: Official Publication Am Association Orthodontists its Constituent Soc Am Board Orthod. 2017;151(5):851\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthopedics: Official Publication Am Association Orthodontists its Constituent Soc Am Board Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"7534_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cju073","volume":"37","author":"AM Renkema","year":"2015","unstructured":"Renkema AM, Navratilova Z, Mazurova K, Katsaros C, Fudalej PS. Gingival labial recessions and the post-treatment proclination of mandibular incisors. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37(5):508\u201313.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR48","first-page":"33","volume":"27","author":"T Aziz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aziz T, Flores-Mir C. A systematic review of the association between appliance-induced labial movement of mandibular incisors and gingival recession. Aust Orthod J. 2011;27(1):33\u20139.","journal-title":"Aust Orthod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2319\/031212-217.1","volume":"83","author":"M Karkhanechi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karkhanechi M, Chow D, Sipkin J, Sherman D, Boylan RJ, Norman RG, et al. Periodontal status of adult patients treated with fixed buccal appliances and removable aligners over one year of active orthodontic therapy. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(1):146\u201351.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"7534_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Antonarakis GS, Zekeridou A, Kiliaridis S, Giannopoulou C. Periodontal considerations during orthodontic intrusion and extrusion in healthy and reduced periodontium. Periodontology 2000. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.12578.","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12578"},{"issue":"1","key":"7534_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-025-00356-w","volume":"17","author":"W Zhong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhong W, Zhou C, Yin Y, Feng G, Zhao Z, Pan Y, et al. Expert consensus on orthodontic treatment of patients with periodontal disease. Int J Oral Sci. 2025;17(1):27.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2019.49.2.60","volume":"49","author":"I Sanz-Martin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sanz-Martin I, Cha JK, Yoon SW, Sanz-Sanchez I, Jung UW. Long-term assessment of periodontal disease progression after surgical or non-surgical treatment: a systematic review. J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2019;49(2):60\u201375.","journal-title":"J Periodontal Implant Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"7534_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13324","volume":"47","author":"C Graetz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Graetz C, Schwalbach M, Seidel M, Geiken A, Schwendicke F. Oral health-related quality of life impacts are low 27 years after periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(8):952\u201361.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7534_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12680","volume":"44","author":"C Graetz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Graetz C, Plaumann A, Schlattmann P, Kahl M, Springer C, S\u00e4lzer S, et al. Long-term tooth retention in chronic periodontitis - results after 18 years of a conservative periodontal treatment regimen in a university setting. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(2):169\u201377.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"7534_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13488","volume":"48","author":"R Carvalho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carvalho R, Botelho J, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Alcoforado G, Mendes JJ, Chambrone L. Predictors of tooth loss during long-term periodontal maintenance: an updated systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48(8):1019\u201336.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7534_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00001903","volume":"61","author":"H Kerosuo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kerosuo H, Kerosuo E, Niemi M, Simola H. The need for treatment and satisfaction with dental appearance among young Finnish adults with and without a history of orthodontic treatment. J Orofac Orthop. 2000;61(5):330\u201340.","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"7534_CR57","first-page":"78","volume":"3","author":"S Seeling","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seeling S, Pr\u00fctz F. Inanspruchnahme kieferorthop\u00e4discher behandlung durch kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland \u2013 Querschnittergebnisse Aus KiGGS Welle 2 und trends. J Health Monit. 2018;3(4):78\u201385.","journal-title":"J Health Monit"},{"key":"7534_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Littlewood SJ, Millett DT, Doubleday B, Bearn DR, Worthington HV. Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(1):Cd002283.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002283.pub4.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002283.pub4"},{"key":"7534_CR59","unstructured":"Kassenzahn\u00e4rztliche Bundesvereinigung. Jahrbuch 2022 - Statistische Basisdaten zur vertragszahn\u00e4rztlichen Versorgung. 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/books.google.de\/books?id=QeSbzwEACAAJ. Assessed 18 October 2023."},{"issue":"S24","key":"7534_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13639","volume":"49","author":"D Herrera","year":"2022","unstructured":"Herrera D, Sanz M, Kebschull M, Jepsen S, Sculean A, Berglundh T, et al. Treatment of stage IV periodontitis: the EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49(S24):4\u201371.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T13:02:14Z","timestamp":1769000534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07534-6","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7354418\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board for Human Studies of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg (#S-132\/2014, amendment confirmed: 11th August 2020).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"132"}}