{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:55:11Z","timestamp":1785887711724,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016149","name":"Seoul National University Dental Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["08-2022-0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["08-2022-0019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T02:14:11Z","timestamp":1767492851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral microbiome-based evaluation of periodontal treatment responses in individuals with special health care needs: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Eun-Jung","family":"Kwak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeunjeong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo Sang","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kee-Yeon","family":"Kum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Man","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"7587_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2016.01.019","volume":"16","author":"EJ Brown","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brown EJ. Dental hygienist providers in long-term care: meeting the need. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2016;16:77\u201383.","journal-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"7587_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-4505.2010.00132.x","volume":"30","author":"BJ Smith","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smith BJ, Ghezzi EM, Manz MC, Markova CP. Oral healthcare access and adequacy in alternative long-term care facilities. Spec Care Dentist. 2010;30(3):85\u201394.","journal-title":"Spec Care Dentist"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2012.00637.x","volume":"30","author":"CD van der Maarel-Wierink","year":"2013","unstructured":"van der Maarel-Wierink CD, Vanobbergen JN, Bronkhorst EM, Schols JM, de Baat C. Oral health care and aspiration pneumonia in frail older people: a systematic literature review. Gerodontology. 2013;30(1):3\u20139.","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.22974\/jkda.2018.57.1.001","volume":"57","author":"H-J Go","year":"2018","unstructured":"Go H-J, Park T-J, Kim E-K, Jo H-J, Choi Y-H, Song K-B. A report on the regional oral health centers for the disabled in Korea. J Korean Dent Assoc. 2018;57(1):8\u201317.","journal-title":"J Korean Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"7587_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.22271\/oral.2021.v7.i3c.1291","volume":"7","author":"N Chand","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chand N, Verma SC, Pant VA, Singh S. Periodontal disease in special needs patients: A review. Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci. 2021;7(3):142\u2013145.","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"7587_CR6","first-page":"78","volume":"9","author":"HB Waldman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Waldman HB, Borg P, Perlman S. Periodontal care for patients with special needs. Dimens Dent Hyg. 2011;9(9):78\u201383.","journal-title":"Dimens Dent Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7587_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0158339","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158339","volume":"11","author":"R Ferreira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferreira R, Michel RC, Greghi SLA, Resende MLRd, Sant\u2019Ana ACP, Damante CA, Zangrando MSR. Prevention and periodontal treatment in down syndrome patients: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0158339.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"7587_CR8","first-page":"1087","volume":"5","author":"B Ghaith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghaith B, El-Halabi M, Kowash MB. Dental implications of down syndrome (DS): review of the oral and dental characteristics. JSM Dentistry. 2017;5(2):1087.","journal-title":"JSM Dentistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3104\/reports.1998","volume":"12","author":"A Loureiro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Loureiro A, Costa F, da Costa J. The impact of periodontal disease on the quality of life of individuals with down syndrome. Down Syndrome Res Pract. 2007;12(1):50\u20134.","journal-title":"Down Syndrome Res Pract"},{"key":"7587_CR10","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Management of dental patients with special health care needs. The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry. Chicago, IL: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. 2025:364\u201371."},{"issue":"3","key":"7587_CR11","first-page":"71","volume":"9","author":"J Huh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huh J, Lee H, Cheong J, Lee B, Jung H. The current status and the future directions of dental services for disabled people. J Korean Acad Adv Gen Dent. 2020;9(3):71\u20136.","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Adv Gen Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"7587_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.12655\/KADH.2016.12.2.50","volume":"12","author":"D-H Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim D-H, Shin T-J, Hyun H-K, Kim Y-J, Kim J-W, Lee S-H, Kim C-C, Jang K-T. Pattern of check up and dental management of special care needs patients according to types of disabilities. J Korea Assosiation Disabil Oral Health. 2016;12(2):50\u20134.","journal-title":"J Korea Assosiation Disabil Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2012.11.006","volume":"69","author":"WG Wade","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wade WG. The oral microbiome in health and disease. Pharmacol Res. 2013;69(1):137\u201343.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"7587_CR14","volume-title":"Periodontology and dental implantology","author":"MF Gomes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gomes MF, De Marco AC, Giannasi LC, Salgado MAC. Periodontal diseases in patients with special health care needs. Periodontology and dental implantology. edn.: IntechOpen; 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"7587_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-023-00837-6","volume":"112","author":"Y Oda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oda Y, Furutani C, Kawano R, Murakami J, Mizota Y, Okada Y, Nikawa H. Comparison of dental plaque flora between intellectually disabled patients and healthy individuals: a cross-sectional study. Odontology. 2024;112(2):588\u2013600.","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"7587_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aambs.2016.08.002","volume":"97","author":"B Sampaio-Maia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sampaio-Maia B, Caldas I, Pereira M, P\u00e9rez-Mongiovi D, Araujo R. The oral microbiome in health and its implication in oral and systemic diseases. Adv Appl Microbiol. 2016;97:171\u2013210.","journal-title":"Adv Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7587_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.06.027","volume":"108","author":"CJ Binkley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Binkley CJ, Haugh GS, Kitchens DH, Wallace DL, Sessler DI. Oral microbial and respiratory status of persons with mental retardation\/intellectual and developmental disability: an observational cohort study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2009;108(5):722\u201331.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060078","volume":"78","author":"K Boutaga","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boutaga K, Savelkoul PH, Winkel EG, van Winkelhoff AJ. Comparison of subgingival bacterial sampling with oral lavage for detection and quantification of periodontal pathogens by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Periodontol. 2007;78(1):79\u201386.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7587_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x","volume":"25","author":"SS Socransky","year":"1998","unstructured":"Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Cugini MA, Smith C, Kent RL Jr. Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol. 1998;25(2):134\u201344.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"7587_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3859","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00653-07","volume":"45","author":"DH Fine","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fine DH, Markowitz K, Furgang D, Fairlie K, Ferrandiz J, Nasri C, McKiernan M, Gunsolley J. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its relationship to initiation of localized aggressive periodontitis: longitudinal cohort study of initially healthy adolescents. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(12):3859\u201369.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"7587_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.12.941","volume":"63","author":"CK Chen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chen CK, Wilson ME. Eikenella corrodens in human oral and non-oral infections: a review. J Periodontol. 1992;63(12):941\u201353.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"7587_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74558-9_79","volume-title":"Cerebral Palsy","author":"N Ganeshkumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganeshkumar N. Dental Hygiene for Children with Cerebral Palsy. In: Miller F, Bachrach S, Lennon N, O\u2019Neil ME, editors. Cerebral Palsy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020:1059\u201365."},{"key":"7587_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norwood KW Jr., Slayton RL, Council on Children, With D. Section on oral H: oral health care for children with developmental disabilities. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):614\u20139.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-3650"},{"key":"7587_CR24","volume-title":"Oral Health Care - An Important Issue of the Modern Society","author":"K Pinar Kiymet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pinar Kiymet K. Oral aspects and dental management of special needs patient. In: Ardelean LC, Rusu LC, editors. Oral Health Care - An Important Issue of the Modern Society. London: IntechOpen; 2022."},{"issue":"5","key":"7587_CR25","first-page":"Cd012628","volume":"5","author":"C Waldron","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waldron C, Nunn J, Mac Giolla Phadraig C, Comiskey C, Guerin S, van Harten MT, Donnelly-Swift E, Clarke MJ. Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;5(5):Cd012628.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"7587_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12135","volume":"72","author":"JL Ebersole","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ebersole JL, Graves CL, Gonzalez OA, Dawson D III, Morford LA, Huja PE, Hartsfield JK Jr, Huja SS, Pandruvada S, Wallet SM. Aging, inflammation, immunity and periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000. 2016;72(1):54\u201375.","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"7587_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.14183","author":"N Bostanci","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bostanci N, Manoil D, Van Holm W, Belibasakis GN, Teughels W. Microbial markers for diagnosis and risk assessment for periodontal diseases: a systematic literature search and narrative synthesis. J Clin Periodontol. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.14183.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7587_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.14082","volume":"52","author":"RJJ Chew","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chew RJJ, Goh CE, Lin XYS, Oh FJB, Sim RP, Preshaw PM, et al. Prognostic impact of microbiome dysbiosis: a prospective study. J Clin Periodontol. 2025;52(2):215\u201324.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7587_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.22-0749","volume":"94","author":"W Johnston","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnston W, Rosier BT, Carda-Di\u00e9guez M, Paterson M, Watson P, Piela K, Goulding M, Ramage G, Baranyia D, Chen T. Longitudinal changes in subgingival biofilm composition following periodontal treatment. J Periodontol. 2023;94(9):1065\u201377.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7587_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211035775","volume":"101","author":"T Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen T, Marsh P, Al-Hebshi N. SMDI: an index for measuring subgingival microbial dysbiosis. J Dent Res. 2022;101(3):331\u20138.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"7587_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2771-9","volume":"23","author":"A Strachan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Strachan A, Harrington Z, McIlwaine C, Jerreat M, Belfield LA, Kilar A, Jackson SK, Foey A, Zaric S. Subgingival lipid A profile and endotoxin activity in periodontal health and disease. Clin Oral Invest. 2019;23(9):3527\u201334.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T11:59:51Z","timestamp":1770119991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-07587-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Dental Hospital (CRI21011), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal representatives, with additional consent procedures implemented for vulnerable individuals and the use of human-derived materials.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"222"}}