{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T12:14:35Z","timestamp":1772021675507,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T23:44:08Z","timestamp":1769816648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Individuals diagnosed with epilepsy: a fractal analysis and radiomorphometric evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3294-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumeyye Celik","family":"Ozsoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3077-0968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma","family":"Altiparmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8136-3690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammet Emin","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8622-1343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taha","family":"Zirek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3730-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Bahrilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6465-401X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim Burak","family":"Yuksel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900008476","volume":"9","author":"P Kwan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Drug treatment of epilepsy: when does it fail and how to optimize its use? CNS Spectr. 2004;9(2):110\u20139.","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"7788_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee R, et al. The association of newer anticonvulsant medications and bone mineral density. Endocr Pract. 2012;18:1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/EP12119.OR.","DOI":"10.4158\/EP12119.OR"},{"key":"7788_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.01.008","volume":"86","author":"DR Baddoo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baddoo DR, et al. Metabolic bone disease in patients with epilepsy and the use of antiepileptic drugs - Insight from a Danish cross-sectional study. Seizure. 2021;86:29\u201334.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"7788_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2021.106619","volume":"173","author":"DW Griepp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Griepp DW, et al. The effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone health: A systematic review. Epilepsy Res. 2021;173:106619.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4863.192338","volume":"5","author":"E Arora","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arora E, Singh H, Gupta YK. Impact of antiepileptic drugs on bone health: need for monitoring, treatment, and prevention strategies. J Family Med Prim Care. 2016;5(2):248\u201353.","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"7788_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.07.003","volume":"116","author":"LA Fraser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fraser LA, Burneo JG, Fraser JA. Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs and fractures in people with epilepsy: A systematic review. Epilepsy Res. 2015;116:59\u201366.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.20396\/bjos.v15i2.8648764","volume":"15","author":"AJ Camargo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Camargo AJ, et al. Diagnostic performance of fractal dimension and radiomorphometric indices from digital panoramic radiographs for screening low bone mineral density. Braz J Oral Sci. 2016;15(2):131\u20136.","journal-title":"Braz J Oral Sci"},{"key":"7788_CR8","first-page":"854287","volume":"2011","author":"MB Alonso","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alonso MB, et al. Assessment of panoramic radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in a Brazilian population. ISRN Rheumatol. 2011;2011:854287.","journal-title":"ISRN Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7788_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20200514","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20200514","volume":"50","author":"L Munhoz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Munhoz L, et al. Mandibular cortical index in the screening of postmenopausal at low mineral density risk: a systematic review. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021;50(4):20200514.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7788_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2010.02.003","volume":"8","author":"RH Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee RH, Lyles KW, Col\u00f3n-Emeric C. A review of the effect of anticonvulsant medications on bone mineral density and fracture risk. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2010;8(1):34\u201346.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Pharmacother"},{"issue":"9","key":"7788_CR11","first-page":"786","volume":"43","author":"KP Vinayan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vinayan KP. Epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs and educational problems. Indian Pediatr. 2006;43(9):786\u201394.","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"7788_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan HC, et al. The impact of Anti-Epileptic drugs on growth and bone metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(8):1242.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081242"},{"issue":"5","key":"7788_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-025-00805-y","volume":"14","author":"PV Gaete","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gaete PV, Cuellar-Rodr\u00edguez V, Mendivil CO. Antiseizure medications and bone health. Neurol Therapy. 2025;14(5):1827\u201344.","journal-title":"Neurol Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0185-z","volume":"18","author":"SJ Petty","year":"2007","unstructured":"Petty SJ, O\u2019Brien TJ, Wark JD. Anti-epileptic medication and bone health. Osteoporos Int. 2007;18(2):129\u201342.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2023.04.014","volume":"136","author":"KT Temur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Temur K.T., Magat G, Ozcan S. A retrospective comparative fractal and radiomorphometric analysis of the effect of 3 generations of anti-epileptic drugs on the mandible. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2023;136(2):255\u201362.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"1091","key":"7788_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20180442","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20180442","volume":"91","author":"D G\u00f6ller Bulut","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00f6ller Bulut D, et al. Mandibular indexes and fractal properties on the panoramic radiographs of the patients using aromatase inhibitors. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1091):20180442.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"7788_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sevimay MA, et al. Fractal dimension analysis of mandibular trabecular bone in patients receiving antiresorptive therapy for osteoporosis and oncologic conditions. Diagn (Basel). 2025;15(6):748.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15060748"},{"issue":"3","key":"7788_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-023-00671-0","volume":"39","author":"B Tumani \u00dcstdal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tumani \u00dcstdal B, et al. Evaluation of the effect of antiepileptic drugs on mandibular bone quality by fractal analysis. Oral Radiol. 2023;39(3):563\u20139.","journal-title":"Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7788_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaomr.jiaomr_57_20","volume":"32","author":"A Redhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Redhu A, Suman B. Relationship of bone mineral density with panoramic radiomorphometric indices in tobacco users in India. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol. 2020;32(2):119\u201326.","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7788_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06235-4","volume":"25","author":"A Kuran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kuran A, et al. Evaluation of mandibular bone quality with respect to enzyme inducement potential of antiepileptic drugs via fractal analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):848.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"10 Suppl 4","key":"7788_CR21","first-page":"S24","volume":"63","author":"RD Sheth","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sheth RD. Metabolic concerns associated with antiepileptic medications. Neurology. 2004;63(10 Suppl 4):S24\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T11:31:24Z","timestamp":1772019084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7788"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07788-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Non-Drug and Non-Medical Device Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University (Approval No: 2024\/460). Prior to panoramic radiograph acquisition, all patients routinely provided written informed consent as part of the standard clinical workflow.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"386"}}