{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T14:13:20Z","timestamp":1774966400701,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of the University of Health Sciences","award":["2019\/055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/055"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T14:33:30Z","timestamp":1771943610000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ameliorative effects of melatonin on radiotherapy-induced apoptotic and inflammatory responses in rat parotid gland"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1429-0526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Hac\u0131mustafao\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4825-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serhat","family":"Aras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6835-4436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yal\u00e7\u0131n","family":"Erzurumlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7063-2140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burcu","family":"\u00c7aykara Peran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"7966_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.7150\/IJMS.3635","volume":"9","author":"R Baskar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baskar R, Lee KA, Yeo R, Yeoh KW. Cancer and radiation therapy: current advances and future directions. Int J Med Sci. 2012;9:193\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/IJMS.3635.","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"7966_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS17010102","volume":"17","author":"P Maier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maier P, Hartmann L, Wenz F, Herskind C. Cellular pathways in response to ionizing radiation and their targetability for tumor radiosensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2016. 2016;17:17:102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/IJMS17010102.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci 2016"},{"key":"7966_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1080\/10420150.2021.1898392","volume":"176","author":"S Aras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aras S, Tanzer IO, Karacavus S, Sayir N, Erdem E, Hacimustafaoglu F, et al. Radioprotective effect of melatonin against flattening filter-free irradiation-induced rat parotid gland damage. Radiat Eff Defects Solids. 2021;176:621\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10420150.2021.1898392.","journal-title":"Radiat Eff Defects Solids"},{"key":"7966_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.06.008","volume":"93","author":"G Kragl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kragl G, af Wetterstedt S, Kn\u00e4usl B, Lind M, McCavana P, Kn\u00f6\u00f6s T, et al. Dosimetric characteristics of 6 and 10 MV unflattened photon beams. Radiother Oncol. 2009;93:141\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.06.008.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"7966_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/7\/019","volume":"51","author":"ON Vassiliev","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vassiliev ON, Titt U, P\u00f6nisch F, Kry SF, Mohan R, Gillin MT. Dosimetric properties of photon beams from a flattening filter free clinical accelerator. Phys Med Biol. 2006;51:1907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/7\/019.","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"7966_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6203.181636","volume":"41","author":"Y Yan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yan Y, Yadav P, Bassetti M, Du K, Saenz D, Harari P, et al. Dosimetric differences in flattened and flattening filter-free beam treatment plans. J Med Phys. 2016;41:92\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0971-6203.181636.","journal-title":"J Med Phys"},{"key":"7966_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ZEMEDI.2010.07.003","volume":"21","author":"G Kragl","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kragl G, Baier F, Lutz S, Albrich D, Dalaryd M, Kroupa B, et al. Flattening filter free beams in SBRT and IMRT: Dosimetric assessment of peripheral doses. Z Med Phys. 2011;21:91\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ZEMEDI.2010.07.003.","journal-title":"Z Med Phys"},{"key":"7966_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ARCHORALBIO.2015.03.004","volume":"60","author":"C Dawes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dawes C, Pedersen AML, Villa A, Ekstr\u00f6m J, Proctor GB, Vissink A, et al. The functions of human saliva: a review sponsored by the world workshop on oral medicine VI. Arch Oral Biol. 2015;60:863\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ARCHORALBIO.2015.03.004.","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"7966_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00247-3","volume":"45","author":"A Eisbruch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Eisbruch A, Ten Haken RK, Kim HM, Marsh LH, Ship JA. Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity-modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;45:577\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00247-3.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"7966_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deasy JO, Moiseenko V, Marks L, Chao KSC, Nam J, Eisbruch A. radiotherapy dose-volume effects on salivary gland function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.06.090. 3 SUPPL.:S58\u201363.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.06.090"},{"key":"7966_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70494","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70494","volume":"13","author":"J Le Guevelou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Le Guevelou J, Palard-Novello X, Kammerer E, Baty M, Perazzi M, Larnaudie A, et al. Assessment and prediction of salivary gland function after head and neck radiotherapy: a systematic review. Cancer Med. 2024;13:e70494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.70494.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"7966_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-024-09113-x","volume":"33","author":"V Mercadante","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mercadante V, Smith DK, Abdalla-Aslan R, Andabak-Rogulj A, Brennan MT, Jaguar GC, et al. a systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and\/or xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies: prevention strategies. Support Care Cancer. 2025;33:87. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09113-x.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"7966_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2017.0081","volume":"23","author":"K Onseng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Onseng K, Johns NP, Khuayjarernpanishk T, Subongkot S, Priprem A, Hurst C, et al. Beneficial effects of adjuvant melatonin in minimizing oral mucositis complications in head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation. J Altern Complement Med. 2017;23:957\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/acm.2017.0081.","journal-title":"J Altern Complement Med"},{"key":"7966_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12921","volume":"234","author":"M Isola","year":"2019","unstructured":"Isola M, Ekstr\u00f6m J, Isola R, Loy F. Melatonin release by exocytosis in the rat parotid gland. J Anat. 2019;234:338\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joa.12921.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"7966_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1600-079X.2008.00609.X","volume":"45","author":"H\u00c7 Aras","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aras H\u00c7, Ekstr\u00f6m J. Melatonin-evoked in vivo secretion of protein and amylase from the parotid gland of the anaesthetised rat. J Pineal Res. 2008;45:413\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1600-079X.2008.00609.X.","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"7966_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-022-00720-z","volume":"17","author":"Y Erzurumlu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erzurumlu Y, Dogan HK, Catakli D, Aydogdu E, Muhammed MT. Estrogens drive the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and promote proto-oncogene c-Myc expression in prostate cancer cells by androgen receptor\/estrogen receptor signaling. J Cell Commun Signal. 2023;17:793\u2013811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12079-022-00720-z.","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"7966_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557511313030006","volume":"13","author":"RJ Reiter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reiter RJ, Tan D-X, Rosales-Corral S, Manchester LC. The universal nature, unequal distribution and antioxidant functions of melatonin and Its derivatives. Mini-Reviews Med Chem. 2013;13:373\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1389557511313030006.","journal-title":"Mini-Reviews Med Chem"},{"key":"7966_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-022-00964-8","volume":"61","author":"G Safak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Safak G, Celiker M, T\u00fcmkaya L, Mercantepe T, Rakici S, Cinar S, et al. Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine and amifostine against X-ray radiation-induced parotid damage. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2022;61:241\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00411-022-00964-8.","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"key":"7966_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0144.5654","volume":"53","author":"M Ko\u00e7","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ko\u00e7 M, Deniz CD, Eryilmaz MA, Tezcan Y, G\u00fcrbilek M. Radioprotective effects of melatonin and thymoquinone on liver, parotid gland, brain, and testis of rats exposed to total body irradiation. Turk J Med Sci. 2023;53:902\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55730\/1300-0144.5654.","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"7966_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814528103","volume":"151","author":"R Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang R, Zhang T, Xu Z, Hu K, Shi Y, Long S, et al. Injury in minipig parotid glands following fractionated exposure to 30 Gy of ionizing radiation. Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg. 2014;151:100\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599814528103.","journal-title":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"7966_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.09.036","volume":"73","author":"JL Avila","year":"2009","unstructured":"Avila JL, Grundmann O, Burd R, Limesand KH. Radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction results from p53-dependent apoptosis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;73:523\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.09.036.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"7966_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5315","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201712_13914","volume":"21","author":"JH Zuo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zuo JH, Sun C-H, Gao H, Wang L-F, Zhu Y-H. Role of Bcl-2 and Bax in parotid gland atrophy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2017;21:5315\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_201712_13914.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"7966_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2024.2381492","volume":"101","author":"Z \u00d6zer Simsek","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u00d6zer Simsek Z, Aras S, Cikrikcioglu M, Baydili KN, Cortuk M. Melatonin as a radioprotective agent against flattening filter and flattening filter-free beam in radiotherapy-induced lung tissue damage. Int J Radiat Biol. 2025;101:28\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09553002.2024.2381492.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"7966_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/JOP.12409","volume":"45","author":"M Isola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isola M, Lilliu MA. Melatonin localization in human salivary glands. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45:510\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/JOP.12409.","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"7966_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-011-0800-8","volume":"135","author":"M Shimozuma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shimozuma M, Tokuyama R, Tatehara S, Umeki H, Ide S, Mishima K, et al. Expression and cellular localizaion of melatonin-synthesizing enzymes in rat and human salivary glands. Histochem Cell Biol. 2011;135:389\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-011-0800-8.","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"7966_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21758","DOI":"10.18632\/AGING.103984","volume":"12","author":"M Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao M, Wang Y, Zhao Y, He S, Zhao R, Song Y, et al. Caspase-3 knockout attenuates radiation-induced tumor repopulation via impairing the ATM\/p53\/Cox-2\/PGE2 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Aging. 2020;12:21758\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/AGING.103984.","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"7966_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.54005\/GENELTIP.1088311","volume":"33","author":"G Erkilin\u00e7","year":"2023","unstructured":"Erkilin\u00e7 G, Bedir M, Elif \u00d6zg\u00fc Ay\u00f6zger L, K\u00fcbra Do\u011fan H, Fatih Karakuyu N, Devlet Hastanesi U, et al. Nephroprotective effect of astaxanthin against radiotherapy via TAS, TOS (Biochemical), TNF-\u03b1, CASPASE-3 (Immunohistochemical), SIRT1-P53 (Molecular) Pathway in Rats. Genel T\u0131p Dergisi. 2023;33:14\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54005\/GENELTIP.1088311.","journal-title":"Genel T\u0131p Dergisi"},{"key":"7966_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G556","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00094.2003","volume":"285","author":"C Linard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Linard C, Ropenga A, Vozenin-Brotons MC, Chapel A, Mathe D. Abdominal irradiation increases inflammatory cytokine expression and activates NF-\u03baB in rat ileal muscularis layer. Am J Physiology-Gastrointestinal Liver Physiol. 2003;285:G556\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00094.2003.","journal-title":"Am J Physiology-Gastrointestinal Liver Physiol"},{"key":"7966_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-5-22","volume":"5","author":"ZY Ong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ong ZY, Gibson RJ, Bowen JM, Stringer AM, Darby JM, Logan RM, et al. Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a key role in the development of radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. Radiat Oncol. 2010;5:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-717X-5-22.","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"7966_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02516-1","volume":"12","author":"C Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yao C, Zhou Y, Wang H, Deng F, Chen Y, Zhu X, et al. Adipose-derived stem cells alleviate radiation-induced dermatitis by suppressing apoptosis and downregulating cathepsin F expression. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;12:447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02516-1.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"7966_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2524-9","volume":"23","author":"K B\u0142ochowiak","year":"2019","unstructured":"B\u0142ochowiak K, Sokalski J, Golusi\u0144ska E, Trzybulska D, Witmanowski H, Bodnar M, et al. Salivary levels and immunohistochemical expression of selected angiogenic factors in benign and malignant parotid gland tumours. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23:995\u20131006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-018-2524-9.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"7966_CR32","first-page":"869","volume":"78","author":"NS Taichman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Taichman NS, Cruchley AT, Fletcher LM, Hagi-Pavli EP, Paleolog EM, Abrams WR, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in normal human salivary glands and saliva: a possible role in the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis. Lab Invest. 1998;78:869\u201375.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"7966_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3390\/BIOMEDICINES8080247","volume":"8","author":"C Alonso-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alonso-Gonz\u00e1lez C, Gonz\u00e1lez A, Men\u00e9ndez-Men\u00e9ndez J, Mart\u00ednez-Campa C, Cos S. Melatonin as a Radio-Sensitizer. Cancer Biomedicines 2020. 2020;8:8:247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/BIOMEDICINES8080247.","journal-title":"Cancer Biomedicines 2020"},{"key":"7966_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2021.1857457","volume":"97","author":"S Aras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aras S, Tanzer \u0130O, Sayir N, Kele\u015f MS, \u00d6zgeri\u015f FB. Radiobiological comparison of flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) beam in rat laryngeal tissue. Int J Radiat Biol. 2021;97:249\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09553002.2021.1857457.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"7966_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-018-1934-0","volume":"21","author":"B Farhood","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhood B, Goradel NH, Mortezaee K, Khanlarkhani N, Salehi E, Nashtaei MS, et al. Melatonin as an adjuvant in radiotherapy for radioprotection and radiosensitization. Clin Transl Oncol. 2019;21:268\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12094-018-1934-0.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Oncol"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T13:25:49Z","timestamp":1774963549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7966"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07966-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Yeditepe University Local Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments (2019\/724). All animal procedures were conducted in accordance with the European Union Directive 2010\/63\/EU.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"560"}}