{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:59:10Z","timestamp":1783069150611,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Padjadjaran"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The augmented reality (AR) application Dents AR was developed to align with technological and informational advancements in a field that requires a valid framework to evaluate usability aspects effectively. This study aimed to analyse the perspectives of children in rural areas on the Dents AR augmented reality application based on gender, age, and grade using the Modified System Usability Scale (mSUS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross sectional design was implemented, involving 380 children from three elementary schools. A purposive sampling procedure was applied, and the sample size was determined using the population proportion formula for a known population size with 5% precision, resulting in a final sample of 195 children. Data collection utilized the Dents AR application from the Augmented Reality Activity Book: Dental Caries Progress And How To Prevent It and the application was launched by scanning the barcode provided in the book. Data was administered through online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the T test and One way Anova tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mSUS score range and grade distribution for the Dents AR application from grade F (poor) to grade A+ (excellent). Approximately 46.6% of responses fell within the \u201cF&amp;D\u201d grade category or poor adjective category and approximately 53.3% of responses fell within the \u201cC until A+\u201d grade category or the OK to excellent adjective rating. The comparison of mSUS scores based on participant characteristics revealed that the p-values for gender (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.245), age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.591) and grade level (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.720) were all greater than 0.05, indicating no statistically significant differences in mSUS scores by gender, age or grade level.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The perspectives of a broader user population on the dents ar augmented reality application for children\u2019s oral health promotion based on gender, age, and grade in rural areas: a cross sectional study using the modified system usability scale shows that the Dents AR application had values from grade F (poor) to grade A+ (excellent). Approximately more responses fell within the \u201cF&amp;D\u201d grade category or poor adjective category compared to responses that fell within the \u201cC until A+\u201d grade category or the OK to excellent adjective rating and perspectives across gender, age, and grade revealed no usability differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T14:03:07Z","timestamp":1772632987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The perspectives of a broader user population on the dents AR Augmented Reality application for children\u2019s oral health promotion based on gender, age, and grade in rural areas: a cross sectional study using the modified system usability scale"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Anne Agustina","family":"Suwargiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ardena Maulidia","family":"Hamdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidya Meditia","family":"Putri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Yolanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sri","family":"Susilawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Netty","family":"Suryanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira","family":"Suryani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niekla Survia","family":"Andiesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dudi","family":"Aripin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"7971_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aripin D, Suwargiani AA, Susilawati S, Putri FM, Hamdani AM, Yolanda Y et al. Detection of Caries Coronal Condition Prevalence of Permanent Teeth in Children using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System for Measuring Dental Caries: A Cross-sectional Study. Open Dent J. 2024;18(1).","DOI":"10.2174\/0118742106275531240219044930"},{"issue":"4","key":"7971_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.47391\/JPMA.8664","volume":"74","author":"L Kanwal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kanwal L, Gulzar M, Idrees W, Ikram F, Sukhia RH, Fida M. The application of virtual reality and augmented reality in dentistry \u2013 a literature review. J Pak Med Assoc. 2024;74(4):S126\u201331.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"7971_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fahim S, Maqsood A, Das G, Ahmed N, Saquib S, Lal A, et al. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Dentistry: Highlights from the Current Research. Applied Sciences. Volume 12. Switzerland). MDPI; 2022.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12083719"},{"issue":"1","key":"7971_CR4","first-page":"25","volume":"5","author":"I Al-Khaled","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Khaled I, Al-Khaled A, Abutayyem H. Augmented reality in dentistry: Uses and applications in the digital era. Edelweiss Appl Sci Technol. 2021;5(1):25\u201332.","journal-title":"Edelweiss Appl Sci Technol"},{"key":"7971_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monterubbianesi R, Tosco V, Vitiello F, Orilisi G, Fraccastoro F, Putignano A, et al. Augmented, Virtual and Mixed Reality in Dentistry: A Narrative Review on the Existing Platforms and Future Challenges. Applied Sciences. Volume 12. Switzerland). MDPI; 2022.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12020877"},{"key":"7971_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2024.105324","volume":"150","author":"AF Luai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Luai AF, Malek AA, Hassan EH, Sabri BAM, Radzi NAM. Effectiveness of immersive technologies in oral health promotion and education: A systematic review. J Dent. 2024;150:105324.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"7971_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang TK, Yang CH, Hsieh YH, Wang JC, Hung CC. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applied in dentistry. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 34. Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd; 2018. pp. 243\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2018.01.009"},{"key":"7971_CR8","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Augmented reality activity book perjalanan gigi berlubang dan pencegahannya","author":"AAS Dudi Aripin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dudi Aripin AAS, Sri SMS. Augmented reality activity book perjalanan gigi berlubang dan pencegahannya. Volume 1, 1st ed. Bandung: Unpad Pers; 2023. pp. 1\u201337.","edition":"1"},{"key":"7971_CR9","unstructured":"Technical Committee: ISO\/TC 159\/SC 4 ICS : 13.180 35.180. Part 11: Usability: Definitions and concepts. In: Ergonomics of human-system interaction. 2nd ed. 2018. pp. 1\u201329."},{"key":"7971_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karimah H, Suryani M, Hidayat A. Implementation of Design Thinking in Part 30 of The Qur\u2019an Augmented Reality Based Learning Application to Improve User Experience and Cognitive Ability. AIP Conf Proc [Internet]. 2022 Oct 26 [cited 2024 Sep 22];2433(1). Available from: aip\/acp\/article\/2433\/1\/020019\/2822928\/Implementation-of-design-thinking-in-part-30-of\"","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0100383"},{"key":"7971_CR11","unstructured":"Jakob Nielsen. Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design. https:\/\/www.nngroup.com\/articles\/ten-usability-heuristics\/. 2024. pp. 1\u20131."},{"key":"7971_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farronato M, Maspero C, Lanteri V, Fama A, Ferrati F, Pettenuzzo A et al. Current state of the art in the use of augmented reality in dentistry: A systematic review of the literature. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0808-3"},{"key":"7971_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dzyuba N, Jandu J, Yates J, Kushnerev E. Virtual and augmented reality in dental education: The good, the bad and the better. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022.","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12871"},{"issue":"3","key":"7971_CR14","first-page":"237","volume":"22","author":"Q Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Q, Zang Y, Zang W, Cai W, Li W, Guo Y, et al. Implementation of virtual reality technology to decrease patients\u2019 pain and nervousness during colonoscopies: a prospective randomised controlled single-blinded trial. Clin Med J Royal Coll Physicians Lond. 2022;22(3):237\u201340.","journal-title":"Clin Med J Royal Coll Physicians Lond"},{"key":"7971_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pranoto H, Tho C, Warnars HLHS, Abdurachman E, Gaol FL, Soewito B. Usability testing method in augmented reality application. In: Proceedings of 2017 International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2017. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.; 2017. pp. 181\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMTech.2017.8273534"},{"issue":"12","key":"7971_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10121346","volume":"10","author":"Z Deng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deng Z, Xiang N, Pan J. State of the Art in Immersive Interactive Technologies for Surgery Simulation: A Review and Prospective. Bioengineering. 2023;10(12):1346.","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"7971_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kapp K, Siv\u00e9n M, Laur\u00e9n P, Virtanen S, Katajavuori N, S\u00f6dervik I. Design and Usability Testing of an Augmented Reality (AR) Environment in Pharmacy Education\u2014Presenting a Pilot Study on Comparison between AR Smart Glasses and a Mobile Device in a Laboratory Course. Educ Sci (Basel). 2022;12(12).","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci12120854"},{"issue":"393","key":"7971_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.56415\/csjm.v31.19","volume":"31","author":"I Titchiev","year":"2023","unstructured":"Titchiev I, Caftanatov O, Talambuta D. Challenges associated with using AR technology in education. Comput Sci J Moldova. 2023;31(393):367\u201380.","journal-title":"Comput Sci J Moldova"},{"issue":"2","key":"7971_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.51519\/journalisi.v6i2.750","volume":"6","author":"O Suria","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suria O. A Statistical Analysis of System Usability Scale (SUS) Evaluations in Online Learning Platform. J Inform Syst Inf. 2024;6(2):992\u20131007.","journal-title":"J Inform Syst Inf"},{"key":"7971_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aprilia I, Santoso PI, Ferdiana R, Elektro T, Informatika T, Gadjah U et al. Pengujian Usability Website Menggunakan System Usability Scale Website Usability Testing using System Usability Scale [Internet]. Vol. 17. 2015. Available from: http:\/\/www.tegal","DOI":"10.33164\/iptekkom.17.1.2015.31-38"},{"key":"7971_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Putnam C, Puthenmadom M, Cuerdo MA, Wang W, Paul N. Adaptation of the System Usability Scale for User Testing with Children. In: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM; 2020. pp. 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3382840"},{"key":"7971_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43842","DOI":"10.2196\/43842","volume":"12","author":"C Emezue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Emezue C, Karnik NS, Reeder B, Schoeny M, Layfield R, Zarling A, et al. A Technology-Enhanced Intervention for Violence and Substance Use Prevention Among Young Black Men: Protocol for Adaptation and Pilot Testing. JMIR Res Protoc. 2023;12:e43842.","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"key":"7971_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ibrahim A, Alexander O, Tania KD, Putra P. Allsela Meiriza. Assessing User Experience and Usability in the OVO Application: Utilizing the User Experience Questionnaire and System Usability Scale for Evaluation. Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi). 2023;7(4):953\u201363.","DOI":"10.29207\/resti.v7i4.5137"},{"key":"7971_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2022.102775","volume":"161","author":"O Cohavi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cohavi O, Levy-Tzedek S. Young and old users prefer immersive virtual reality over a social robot for short-term cognitive training. Int J Hum Comput Stud. 2022;161:102775.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Comput Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"7971_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18286","DOI":"10.2196\/18286","volume":"23","author":"D Lupton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lupton D. Young People\u2019s Use of Digital Health Technologies in the Global North: Narrative Review. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(1):e18286.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"7971_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aggarwal R, Ranganathan P. Study designs: Part 2 - Descriptive studies. Perspectives in Clinical Research. Volume 10. Wolters Kluwer Medknow; 2019. pp. 34\u20136.","DOI":"10.4103\/picr.PICR_154_18"},{"key":"7971_CR27","unstructured":"GitLab G. 2024 [cited 2024 Sep 24]. 1\u20132000 p. Available from: https:\/\/handbook.gitlab.com\/handbook\/product\/ux\/performance-indicators\/system-usability-scale\/"},{"key":"7971_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ihudiebube-Splendor C, Chikeme PA. Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study: Practical and Feasible Design in Investigating Health Care\u2013Seeking Behaviors of Undergraduates [Internet]. 1 Oliver\u2019s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd; 2020 [cited 2026 Feb 2]. Available from: https:\/\/methods.sagepub.com\/case\/descrip-cross-sect-practical-feasible-design-health-care-seeking-behaviors#_","DOI":"10.4135\/9781529742862"},{"key":"7971_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rezha A, Najaf E, Permatasari R, Sakti CS. Evaluating the Usability of a Book Stock and Sales Recording Android App: System Usability Scale (SUS), Heuristic Evaluation, and Maze Tool Insights. Journal of Information Systems and Informatics [Internet]. 2024;6(3). Available from: http:\/\/journal-isi.org\/index.php\/isi","DOI":"10.51519\/journalisi.v6i3.829"},{"key":"7971_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sukma AP, Yusuf R, Dai RH. Analisis pengukuran usability sistem informasi manajemen Baznas (SIMBA) menggunakan metode System Usability Scale (SUS). 2023;3(2).","DOI":"10.33998\/jms.2023.3.2.1437"},{"issue":"6","key":"7971_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1108\/IJIS-12-2024-289","volume":"16","author":"F Almeida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Almeida F, Editorial. Performing a structural equation modeling (SEM) in innovation science studies. Int J Innov Sci. 2024;16(6):1005\u201311.","journal-title":"Int J Innov Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"7971_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.24198\/pjd.vol35no3.51048","volume":"35","author":"AA Suwargiani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suwargiani AA, Aripin D, Susilawati S, Suryanti N, Putri FM, Yolanda Y, et al. The severity of untreated caries in the deciduous and permanent teeth among children aged 6\u201312 years using PUFA and pufa index: a cross-sectional study. Padjadjaran J Dentistry. 2024;35(3):267.","journal-title":"Padjadjaran J Dentistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"7971_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.21831\/reid.v2i1.8270","volume":"2","author":"N Nurrahmah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nurrahmah N, Zamroni Z, Sumarno S. An etnographic study of elementary education in the rural area of Dompu county, the province of West Nusa Tenggara. REID (Research Evaluation Education). 2016;2(1):79\u201391.","journal-title":"REID (Research Evaluation Education)"},{"key":"7971_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hawley LR, Koziol NA, Bovaird JA, Mccormick CM, Welch GW, Arthur AM et al. Author Note Defining and Describing Rural: Implications for Rural Special Education Research and Policy [Internet]. Vol. 35, Rural Special Education Quarterly. 2016. Available from: http:\/\/acres-sped.org","DOI":"10.1177\/875687051603500302"},{"key":"7971_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2021.101671","volume":"66","author":"Z Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang Z, Mou J. Gender differences in user perception of usability and performance of online travel agency websites. Technol Soc. 2021;66:101671.","journal-title":"Technol Soc"},{"key":"7971_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2024.101230","volume":"86","author":"JC Ruiz-Garcia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruiz-Garcia JC, Tolosana R, Vera-Rodriguez R, Fierrez J, Herreros-Rodriguez J. ChildCI framework: Analysis of motor and cognitive development in children-computer interaction for age detection. Cogn Syst Res. 2024;86:101230.","journal-title":"Cogn Syst Res"},{"key":"7971_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herv\u00e1s-G\u00f3mez. In: S\u00e1nchez Vera F, editor. CD\u00edaz Noguera MS\u00e1nchez Vera F. The Education Revolution through Artificial Intelligence. Enhancing Skills, Safeguarding Rights, and Facilitating Human-Machine Collaboration. Herv\u00e1s-G\u00f3mez C, D\u00edaz Noguera MD. Editorial Octaedro; 2024.","DOI":"10.36006\/09651-1"},{"key":"7971_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2025.100927","volume":"53","author":"K Boussaha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Boussaha K, Drissi S, Rahab A, Khelifi Touhami K. Eddine Abdelaziz Tayeb Boudraa C. Towards a new generation of digital games designed with the basics of psychological theories to improve primary school pupils\u2019 psychological and technical skills in learning arithmetic. Entertain Comput. 2025;53:100927.","journal-title":"Entertain Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"7971_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3390\/digital4010010","volume":"4","author":"E Korosidou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Korosidou E. The Effects of Augmented Reality on Very Young Learners\u2019 Motivation and Learning of the Alphabet and Vocabulary. Digital. 2024;4(1):195\u2013214.","journal-title":"Digital"},{"issue":"16","key":"7971_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3991\/ijim.v16i16.31741","volume":"16","author":"E Roumba","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roumba E, Nicolaidou I. Augmented Reality Books: Motivation, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Young Readers. Int J Interact Mob Technol (iJIM). 2022;16(16):59\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Interact Mob Technol (iJIM)"},{"issue":"3","key":"7971_CR41","first-page":"234","volume":"6","author":"B Mune","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mune B, Hegde R, Shigli A, Gawali P, Jadhav G, Mohite V. Exploring the Potential of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for Dental Education: A Scoping Review. Int J Dent Med Sci Res [Internet]. 2024;6(3):234\u20137. Available from: www.ijdmsrjournal.com.","journal-title":"Int J Dent Med Sci Res [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"7971_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-023-00969-0","volume":"23","author":"C Creed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Creed C, Al-Kalbani M, Theil A, Sarcar S, Williams I. Inclusive AR\/VR: accessibility barriers for immersive technologies. Univers Access Inf Soc. 2024;23(1):59\u201373.","journal-title":"Univers Access Inf Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"7971_CR43","first-page":"1320","volume":"20","author":"AE Oke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oke AE, Arowoiya VA. Critical barriers to augmented reality technology adoption in developing countries: a case study of Nigeria. J Eng Des Technol. 2022;20(5):1320\u201333.","journal-title":"J Eng Des Technol"},{"key":"7971_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shiddiq Sugiono. Challenges and Opportunities for Using Augmented Reality on Mobile Devices in Marketing Communications Shiddiq Sugiono. Jurnal Komunika [Internet]. 2021;10(1). Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31504\/komunika.v9i1.3715","DOI":"10.31504\/komunika.v9i1.3715"},{"issue":"2","key":"7971_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.33795\/jip.v9i2.1135","volume":"9","author":"H Dwi Nurazizah","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dwi Nurazizah H, Aditya Nugraha D, Endy Budianto A. Perancangan Aplikasi Augmented reality sebagai informasi dan navigasi di Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang berbasis Android. Jurnal Informatika Polinema. 2023;9(2):133\u201342.","journal-title":"Jurnal Informatika Polinema"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T19:21:32Z","timestamp":1781637692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07971-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Universitas Padjadjaran (Protocol No. 1174\/UN.6.KEP\/EC\/2022). All participants gave provided informed consent and signed informed consent forms by the parents. Clinical trial number: not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"440"}}