{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T14:48:05Z","timestamp":1775141285728,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T07:35:19Z","timestamp":1772436919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Awareness and intended behavioral responses to oral potentially malignant disorders: an image-based assessment among dental clinic attendees in Jordan"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Issam","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sura","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaman","family":"Al-Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rima A.","family":"Safadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"15","key":"7976_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13153696","volume":"13","author":"L Lorini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lorini L, Besc\u00f3s At\u00edn C, Thavaraj S, M\u00fcller-Richter U, Alberola Ferranti M, Pamias Romero J, et al. Overview of oral potentially malignant disorders: from risk factors to specific therapies. Cancers. 2021;13(15):3696.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj7010015","volume":"7","author":"H Mortazavi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mortazavi H, Safi Y, Baharvand M, Jafari S, Anbari F, Rahmani S. Oral white lesions: an updated clinical diagnostic decision tree. Dent J. 2019;7(1):15.","journal-title":"Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7976_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2014.01.001","volume":"26","author":"N Vigneswaran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vigneswaran N, Williams MD. Epidemiologic trends in head and neck cancer and aids in diagnosis. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin. 2014;26(2):123\u201341.","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"7976_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2004.01031.x","volume":"10","author":"MC Haya-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Haya-Fern\u00e1ndez MC, Bag\u00e1n J, Murillo-Cort\u00e9s J, Poveda-Roda R, Calabuig C. The prevalence of oral leukoplakia in 138 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis. 2004;10(6):346\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2004.01031.x.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"7976_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12339","volume":"45","author":"S Warnakulasuriya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45(3):155\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jop.12339.","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"7976_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00582.x","volume":"36","author":"S Warnakulasuriya","year":"2007","unstructured":"Warnakulasuriya S, Johnson NW, Van Der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(10):575\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00582.x.","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"7976_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2011.01337.x","volume":"56","author":"A Villa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Villa A, Villa C, Abati S. Oral cancer and oral erythroplakia: an update and implication for clinicians. Aust Dent J. 2011;56(3):253\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2011.01337.x.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"7976_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840201)53:3<563::AID-CNCR2820530332>3.0.CO;2-F","volume":"53","author":"SS Gorsky Jr","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gorsky SS Jr, Ms M. Dds. Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 257 patients. Cancer. 1984;53(3):563\u20138.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"7976_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104157","volume":"122","author":"S Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su S, Lipsky MS, Licari FW, Hung M. Comparing oral health behaviours of men and women in the United States. J Dent. 2022;122:104157.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"7976_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.11149\/jkaoh.2020.44.2.78","volume":"44","author":"\uc815\ud654\uc774 \uc724\uc8fc\uae40","year":"2020","unstructured":"\uc724\uc8fc\uae40 \uc815\ud654\uc774. Effects of health-related behaviors and oral health behaviors on oral disease symptoms in adolescents. J Korean Acad Oral Health. 2020;44(2):78\u201384.","journal-title":"J Korean Acad Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"7976_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0325513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325513","volume":"20","author":"IB Rasheed","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rasheed IB, Ababneh BF, Al-Habsheh YI. First insight into oral health misinformation in Jordan; an analysis of web content and information-seeking behaviors. PLoS One. 2025;20(6):e0325513.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12140","volume":"65","author":"Y Hassona","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hassona Y, Scully C, Ghosh MA, Khoury Z, Jarrar S, Sawair F. Mouth cancer awareness and beliefs among dental patients. Int Dent J. 2015;65(1):15\u201321.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"10","key":"7976_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2013.77.10.tb05610.x","volume":"77","author":"AY Alami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alami AY, El Sabbagh RF, Hamdan A. Knowledge of oral cancer among recently graduated medical and dental professionals in Amman, Jordan. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(10):1356\u201364.","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"key":"7976_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-015-0958-1","volume":"32","author":"Y Hassona","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hassona Y, Scully C, Abu Tarboush N, Baqain Z, Ismail F, Hawamdeh S, et al. Oral cancer knowledge and diagnostic ability among dental students. J Cancer Educ. 2017;32:566\u201370.","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"key":"7976_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0070","volume":"36","author":"A Cunha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cunha A, Bastos LF, Iser BPM, Malta DC, Goes P, Hugo FN. Toothache and tooth extraction as reasons for dental visits: an analysis of the 2019 National Health Survey. Braz Oral Res. 2022;36:e070.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"7976_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.12.007","volume":"89","author":"P-S Ho","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ho P-S, Wang W-C, Huang Y-T, Yang Y-H. Finding an oral potentially malignant disorder in screening program is related to early diagnosis of oral cavity cancer\u2013experience from real world evidence. Oral Oncol. 2019;89:107\u201314.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"7976_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyassat D, Al-Doseri S, Hashem J, Bani-Mustafa R, El-Khateeb M, Dalila B et al. Prevalence, gender differences and associated factors of depression among adults with type 2 diabetes, Jordan. J Depress Anxiety S. 2017;12.","DOI":"10.4172\/2167-1044.S12-003"},{"issue":"3","key":"7976_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2018.05.003","volume":"30","author":"AA-H Hamasha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamasha AA-H, Alshehri A, Alshubaiki A, Alssafi F, Alamam H, Alshunaiber R. Gender-specific oral health beliefs and behaviors among adult patients attending King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh. Saudi Dent J. 2018;30(3):226\u201331.","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J"},{"issue":"23","key":"7976_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10427","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.23.10427","volume":"15","author":"Y Hassona","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hassona Y, Scully C, Almangush A, Baqain Z, Sawair F. Oral potentially malignant disorders among dental patients: a pilot study in Jordan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(23):10427\u201331.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010082","volume":"20","author":"O Alkouri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alkouri O, Khader Y, Al-Bashaireh AM. Prevalence of cigarettes and waterpipe smoking among Jordanians, refugees, and migrants in Jordan and its associated factors: a secondary data analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;20(1):82.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"7976_CR21","unstructured":"Organization WH. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2017: country profile Japan. 2019."},{"issue":"12","key":"7976_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510379601","volume":"89","author":"W Vann Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vann W Jr, Lee JY, Baker D, Divaris K. Oral health literacy among female caregivers: impact on oral health outcomes in early childhood. J Dent Res. 2010;89(12):1395\u2013400.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"7976_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2018.03.011","volume":"125","author":"S Warnakulasuriya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Warnakulasuriya S. Clinical features and presentation of oral potentially malignant disorders. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018;125(6):582\u201390.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7976_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03219.x","volume":"34","author":"M Mu\u00f1oz-Corcuera","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Corcuera M, Esparza\u2010G\u00f3mez G, Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Moles M, Bascones\u2010Mart\u00ednez A. Oral ulcers: clinical aspects. A tool for dermatologists. Part II. Chronic ulcers. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34(4):456\u201361.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7976_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2017.12.011","volume":"125","author":"PM Speight","year":"2018","unstructured":"Speight PM, Khurram SA, Kujan O. Oral potentially malignant disorders: risk of progression to malignancy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2018;125(6):612\u201327.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR26","first-page":"48","volume":"12","author":"MA Hailat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hailat MA, Magableh S. Foreign aid and per-capita GDP: an empirical study of Jordan. J Economic Manage Perspect. 2018;12(1):48\u201360.","journal-title":"J Economic Manage Perspect"},{"issue":"4","key":"7976_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00680","volume":"40","author":"RG Watt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Watt RG, Sheiham A. Integrating the common risk factor approach into a social determinants framework. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2012;40(4):289\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2012.00680. Epub 2012\/03\/21.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7976_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.976","volume":"15","author":"S Scott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scott S, Grunfeld E, Main J, McGurk M. Patient delay in oral cancer: a qualitative study of patients\u2019 experiences. Psycho-Oncology: J Psychol Social Behav Dimensions Cancer. 2006;15(6):474\u201385.","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology: J Psychol Social Behav Dimensions Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"7976_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041959","volume":"18","author":"C-L Tsai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsai C-L, Lin Y-W, Hsu H-C, Lou M-L, Lane H-Y, Tu C-H, et al. Effects of the health-awareness-strengthening lifestyle program in a randomized trial of young adults with an at-risk mental state. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1959.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"7976_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2015.01.002","volume":"73","author":"PD Loprinzi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Loprinzi PD. Factors influencing the disconnect between self-perceived health status and actual health profile: implications for improving self-awareness of health status. Prev Med. 2015;73:37\u20139.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"7976_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.08.002","volume":"118","author":"SH Al-Amad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Amad SH, Awad MA, Nimri O. Oral cancer in young Jordanians: potential association with frequency of narghile smoking. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014;118(5):560\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.08.002.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"7976_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.758583","volume":"12","author":"AO Aremu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aremu AO, Pendota SC. Medicinal plants for mitigating pain and inflammatory-related conditions: an appraisal of ethnobotanical uses and patterns in South Africa. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:758583.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR33","volume":"2018","author":"MT Napagoda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Napagoda MT, Sundarapperuma T, Fonseka D, Amarasiri S, Gunaratna P. An ethnobotanical study of the medicinal plants used as anti-inflammatory remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka. Scientifica. 2018;2018(1):9395052.","journal-title":"Scientifica"},{"issue":"23","key":"7976_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262311253","volume":"26","author":"I Rasheed","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rasheed I, Gruber R. Crude plant extracts and their anti-inflammatory potential in oral inflammatory cell models: a systematic review of in vitro studies. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(23):11253.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01428-z","volume":"21","author":"A Sofi-Mahmudi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sofi-Mahmudi A, Shamsoddin E, Ghasemi P, Mehrabi Bahar A, Shaban Azad M, Sadeghi G. Association of COVID-19-imposed lockdown and online searches for toothache in Iran. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):69.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7976_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04359-7","volume":"24","author":"M Samami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Samami M, Farrahi H, Alinia M. The relationship between dental anxiety and oral health literacy with oral health-related quality of life. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-04359-7.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"7976_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0234124","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234124","volume":"15","author":"S Lebel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lebel S, Mutsaers B, Tomei C, Leclair CS, Jones G, Petricone-Westwood D, et al. Health anxiety and illness-related fears across diverse chronic illnesses: a systematic review on conceptualization, measurement, prevalence, course, and correlates. PLoS One. 2020;15(7):e0234124.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"7976_CR38","unstructured":"Paul CC, Scott C B, editors. Methods in behavioral research2015: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data."},{"issue":"12","key":"7976_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15123077","volume":"15","author":"R Patini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patini R, Cordaro M, Marchesini D, Scilla F, Gioco G, Rupe C, et al. Is systemic immunosuppression a risk factor for oral cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancers. 2023;15(12):3077.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"9","key":"7976_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2023.101710","volume":"31","author":"A Al-Azayzih","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Azayzih A, Jarab AS, Bani-Ahmad E, Smadi S, Kharaba Z, Al-Kubaisi KA. Anticholinergic burden risk and prevalence of medications carrying anticholinergic properties in elderly cancer patients in Jordan. Saudi Pharm J. 2023;31(9):101710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2023.101710.","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"7976_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Azayzih A, Alamoori R, Altawalbeh SM. Potentially inappropriate medications prescribing according to Beers criteriaamong elderly outpatients in Jordan: a cross sectional study. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2019;17(2).","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2019.2.1439"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T13:49:08Z","timestamp":1775137748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-07976-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The study was submitted to and approved by the institutional review board of the Jordan University of Science and Technology. The final approval was granted by Prof. Shaher Samrah, chairman of the institutional review board (number 44\/165\/2023, date: 06.12.2023). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"584"}}