{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:59:14Z","timestamp":1781647154205,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fayoum University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the marginal adaptation and internal gap of implant-supported crowns fabricated from polyetheretherketone (PEEK) using CAD-CAM milling, heat pressing, and 3D printing, employing non-destructive micro-computed tomography (\u00b5CT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This in-vitro study used thirty PEEK crowns (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910 per group) that were fabricated using CAD-CAM milling (MP), heat pressing (PP), and 3D printing (3DP) and seated on standardized zirconia abutments. Marginal and internal gaps were quantitatively assessed using high-resolution \u00b5CT scanning (voxel size: 9.2\u00a0\u03bcm) at 12 predetermined locations per crown in sagittal and coronal planes. Measurements included marginal gaps (mesial and distal), finish line gaps, and internal gaps at axial walls, occlusal surfaces, and internal line angles. Non-parametric statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn\u2019s post hoc with FDR correction) were applied, with significance set at\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All measurement sites showed statistically significant differences between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with large effect sizes. Milled crowns exhibited the smallest occlusal gaps and superior adaptation at the occlusal surface (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while 3D-printed crowns demonstrated the best adaptation along axial walls and internal angles. Pressed crowns consistently showed the largest marginal and internal gaps across most regions. All fabrication techniques demonstrated marginal gap values within the clinically acceptable threshold (&lt;\u2009120\u00a0\u03bcm); however, statistically significant differences were observed in both marginal and internal adaptation among the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fabrication technique significantly affects the marginal adaptation and internal gap of implant-supported PEEK crowns. While milled crowns showed optimal occlusal adaptation, 3D-printed crowns provided the best internal conformity along axial surfaces. Pressed PEEK restorations exhibited the poorest adaptation. These findings underscore the importance of technique selection in optimizing clinical outcomes of PEEK-based implant prostheses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Marginal adaptation and internal fit affect the biological and mechanical success of implant crowns. Milling and 3D printing showed better adaptation than heat pressing, supporting techniques that improve longevity and reduce complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T11:36:15Z","timestamp":1775734575000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of marginal and internal adaptation of implant-supported PEEK crowns fabricated by 3D printing, milling, and pressing: a micro-CT analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7910-9759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliaa Ibrahim","family":"Mahrous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8088-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa","family":"El-Shazly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1261-2795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahitab","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6105-4999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alshaimaa Ahmed","family":"Shabaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3108-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4871-5369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0324-5305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Mostafa","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"8150_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2012.02547.x","volume":"23","author":"RE Jung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jung RE, Zembic A, Pjetursson BE, Zwahlen M, Thoma DS. Systematic review of the survival rate and the incidence of biological, technical, and aesthetic complications of single crowns on implants reported in longitudinal studies with a mean follow-up of 5 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(Suppl 6):2\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2012.02547.x.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8150_CR2","first-page":"466","volume":"22","author":"JG Wittneben","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wittneben JG, Wright RF, Weber HP, Gallucci GO. A systematic review of the clinical performance of CAD\/CAM single-tooth restorations. Int J Prosthodont. 2009;22(5):466\u201371.","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR3","first-page":"102","volume":"27","author":"P Papaspyridakos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Papaspyridakos P, Chen CJ, Chuang SK, Weber HP, Gallucci GO. A systematic review of biologic and technical complications with fixed implant rehabilitations for edentulous patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(1):102\u201310.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4802708","volume":"131","author":"JW McLean","year":"1971","unstructured":"McLean JW, von Fraunhofer JA. The estimation of cement film thickness by an in vivo technique. Br Dent J. 1971;131(3):107\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bdj.4802708.","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"8150_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.02.002","volume":"114","author":"MA Pimenta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pimenta MA, Frasca LC, Lopes R, Rivaldo E. Evaluation of marginal and internal fit of ceramic and metallic crown copings using x-ray microtomography (micro-CT) technology. J Prosthet Dent. 2015;114(2):223\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.02.002.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"8150_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12006","volume":"22","author":"NA Nawafleh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nawafleh NA, Mack F, Evans J, Mackay J, Hatamleh MM. Accuracy and reliability of methods to measure marginal adaptation of crowns and FDPs: a literature review. J Prosthodont. 2013;22(5):419\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopr.12006.","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-05474-9","volume":"25","author":"MAMB Elagwany","year":"2025","unstructured":"Elagwany MAMB, Hamdy AM, Zohdy MM, Mahrous A, Tawfik A, Nabih SO. Micro-CT evaluation of marginal discrepancies of endocrown restored molars with different intrapulpal depths and materials of fabrication: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-025-05474-9.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.07.011","volume":"27","author":"JM Toth","year":"2006","unstructured":"Toth JM, Wang M, Estes BT, Scifert JL, Seim HB III, Turner AS. Polyetheretherketone as a biomaterial for spinal applications. Biomaterials. 2006;27(3):324\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.07.011.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2024.10.010","volume":"41","author":"Q Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li Q, Liu Y, Zhao D, Yang Y, Liu Q, Zhang Y, et al. Digital light printing of zirconia\/resin composite material with biomimetic graded design for dental application. Dent Mater. 2025;41(1):16\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2024.10.010.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"6","key":"8150_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-11-00002","volume":"39","author":"A Schwitalla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schwitalla A, M\u00fcller WD. PEEK dental implants: a review of the literature. J Oral Implantol. 2013;39(6):743\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-11-00002.","journal-title":"J Oral Implantol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.02.024","volume":"123","author":"CC Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng CC, Chung KH, Yau HT, Ramos V Jr. Assessment of the internal fit and marginal integrity of interim crowns made by different manufacturing methods. J Prosthet Dent. 2020;123(3):514\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.02.024.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"8150_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2023.106438","volume":"36","author":"KUK Reddy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Reddy KUK, Verma PC, Rathi A, Saravanan P. A comprehensive mechanical characterization of as-printed and saliva-soaked 3D-printed PEEK specimens for low-cost dental implant applications. Mater Today Commun. 2023;36:106438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2023.106438.","journal-title":"Mater Today Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"8150_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2014.05.014","volume":"112","author":"B Stawarczyk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stawarczyk B, Jordan P, Schmidlin PR, et al. PEEK surface treatment effects on tensile bond strength to veneering resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112(5):1278\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2014.05.014.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"8150_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2015-249","volume":"35","author":"V Stock","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stock V, Wagner C, Merk S, et al. Retention force of differently fabricated telescopic PEEK crowns with different tapers. Dent Mater J. 2016;35(4):594\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4012\/dmj.2015-249.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"8150_CR15","first-page":"165","volume":"5","author":"RG Luthardt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Luthardt RG, Weber A, Rudolph H, Sch\u00f6ne C, Quaas S, Walter M. Design and production of dental prosthetic restorations: basic research on dental CAD\/CAM technology. Int J Comput Dent. 2002;5(2\u20133):165\u201376.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"8150_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e595","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12968","volume":"28","author":"IE Harb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harb IE, Abdel-Khalek EA, Hegazy SA. CAD\/CAM-constructed polyetheretherketone framework of Kennedy Class I removable partial denture: a clinical report. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(2):e595\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopr.12968.","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01202-7","volume":"20","author":"I Papathanasiou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Ferrari M. The use of PEEK in digital prosthodontics: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20(1):217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-020-01202-7.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"8150_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.08.001","volume":"31","author":"AD Schwitalla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwitalla AD, Spintig T, Kallage I, M\u00fcller WD. Flexural behavior of PEEK materials for dental application. Dent Mater. 2015;31(11):1377\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2015.08.001.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"21","key":"8150_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6924","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216924","volume":"12","author":"Biomaterials","year":"2023","unstructured":"Biomaterials. clinical application of dental implants in relation to bone density: a narrative review. J Clin Med. 2023;12(21):6924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12216924.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8150_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18502\/fid.v18i2.5432","volume":"18","author":"Z Khamverdi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khamverdi Z, Najafrad E, Farhadian M. In vitro comparison of marginal and internal fit of zirconia copings fabricated by one CAD\/CAM system with two different scanners. Front Dent. 2021;18(2):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/fid.v18i2.5432.","journal-title":"Front Dent"},{"issue":"11","key":"8150_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12454","volume":"26","author":"S Hahnel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hahnel S, Wieser A, Lang R, Rosentritt M. Biofilm formation on the surface of modern implant abutment materials. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26(11):1297\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/clr.12454.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"8150_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2008.01.008","volume":"24","author":"NR Silva","year":"2008","unstructured":"Silva NR, Coelho PG, Thompson VP, Rekow ED. Micro-CT analysis of marginal and internal fit of ceramic crown copings. Dent Mater. 2008;24(9):1187\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2008.01.008.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2013-345","volume":"34","author":"B Stawarczyk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stawarczyk B, Eichberger M, Uhrenbacher J, et al. Three-unit reinforced polyetheretherketone composite FDPs: influence of fabrication method on load-bearing capacity and failure types. Dent Mater J. 2015;34(1):7\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4012\/dmj.2013-345.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"6","key":"8150_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.03.018","volume":"129","author":"MA Attia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Attia MA, Blunt L, Bills P, Tawfik A, Radwan M. Micro-CT analysis of marginal and internal fit of milled and pressed polyetheretherketone single crowns. J Prosthet Dent. 2023;129(6):e9061\u201390610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.03.018.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06236-1","volume":"29","author":"M Waldecker","year":"2025","unstructured":"Waldecker M, Katherina S, Wolfgang B, Peter R, Stefan R. In vitro validation of a new method to assess the clinical accuracy of complete arch impressions. Clin Oral Investig. 2025;29(3):156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-025-06236-1.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"8150_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e494","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.61422","volume":"16","author":"M Radwan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Radwan M, Abdou A, Tawfik A, Bills P, Blunt L, Kusumasari C, Mahrous A. Trueness of vat-photopolymerization printing technology of interim fixed partial denture with different building orientation: a micro-computed tomography study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2024;16(4):e494\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/jced.61422.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"8150_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.12.017","volume":"116","author":"KM Chochlidakis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chochlidakis KM, Papaspyridakos P, Geminiani A, Chen CJ, Feng IJ, Ercoli C. Digital versus conventional impressions for fixed prosthodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;116(2):184\u2013e19512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.12.017.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"8150_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2014.08.010","volume":"57","author":"Y Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang Y, Feng HY. Modeling outlier formation in scanning reflective surfaces using a laser stripe scanner. Measurement. 2014;57:108\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.measurement.2014.08.010.","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2004.06.023","volume":"92","author":"AF Quintas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Quintas AF, Oliveira F, Bottino MA. Vertical marginal discrepancy of ceramic copings with different ceramic materials, finish lines, and luting agents: an in vitro evaluation. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92(3):250\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2004.06.023.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"8150_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2020.10.028","volume":"37","author":"V Luft","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luft V, Pospiech P, Schurig A, Schmitter M. In vitro investigations on retention force behavior of conventional and modern double crown systems. Dent Mater. 2021;37(1):191\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dental.2020.10.028.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-83242011000300012","volume":"25","author":"E Y\u00fcksel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Y\u00fcksel E, Zaimo\u011flu A. Influence of marginal fit and cement types on microleakage of all-ceramic crown systems. Braz Oral Res. 2011;25(3):261\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1806-83242011000300012.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"8150_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e265","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.5569","volume":"41","author":"MM Radwan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radwan MM, Shabban AA, Elshafey D, Mahrous AI. Performance of abutment material and finish line configuration on stress distribution and fracture resistance of implant-supported zirconia fixed partial dentures in a bio-faithful model. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent. 2021;41(6):e265\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11607\/prd.5569.","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restor Dent"},{"issue":"3","key":"8150_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-008-0224-6","volume":"13","author":"F Beuer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beuer F, Naumann M, Gernet W, Sorensen JA. Precision of fit: zirconia three-unit fixed dental prostheses. Clin Oral Investig. 2009;13(3):343\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"8150_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17050610","volume":"17","author":"L Ling","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ling L, Lai T, Chung PT, et al. A novel 3D-printing model resin with low volumetric shrinkage and high accuracy. Polym (Basel). 2025;17(5):610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym17050610.","journal-title":"Polym (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"8150_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-3748","volume":"25","author":"M Qasem","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qasem M, El Shehy O, Nabil O. One-year clinical evaluation, patient satisfaction, and adaptation of milled PEEK single anterior crowns veneered with two different techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2024;25(8):778\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-3748.","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"8150_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3509","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_986_24","volume":"16","author":"MVS Kumar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumar MVS, Kumar R, Saini RS, et al. Assessment of marginal fit and accuracy of crowns fabricated using CAD\/CAM milling and 3D printing technology. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2024;16(Suppl 4):S3509\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_986_24.","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"8150_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12902","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12902","volume":"130","author":"K Sarafidou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarafidou K, Chatziparaskeva M, Chatzikamagiannis D, et al. Evaluation of marginal and internal fit of fixed dental prostheses after digital, conventional, and combination impression techniques: a systematic review. Eur J Oral Sci. 2022;130(6):e12902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eos.12902.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:40:41Z","timestamp":1781646041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08150-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was conducted entirely on models and synthetic dies; therefore, ethics committee approval and registration were not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"730"}}