{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:08:42Z","timestamp":1784005722184,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":62,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:26:14Z","timestamp":1778653574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evidence-based summary and clinical practice suggestions of health education for diabetes mellitus with periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mingjie","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinmei","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"8527_CR1","unstructured":"DJ M. EJ B. IDF DIABETES ATLAS. vol Chap. 3, Global picture. IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition scientific committee; 2021."},{"key":"8527_CR2","unstructured":"Liu J, Zhang Y. Analysis of the effect of health education in patients with chronic periodontitis complicated with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes World2024. p. 2."},{"key":"8527_CR3","unstructured":"Lai Q, Xie M. Analysis of the Effect of Health Education on Treatment Adherence and Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Combined with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes New World Journal2023. p. 4."},{"issue":"4","key":"8527_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"16","author":"Y Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu Y. Effect of oral health education on elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Diabetes New World. 2019;16(4):1.","journal-title":"Diabetes New World"},{"issue":"9","key":"8527_CR5","first-page":"3","volume":"16","author":"C Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang C. Application of health education based on health belief model in basic oral treatment of diabetic patients complicated with periodontitis. Chin Gen Pract Nurs. 2018;16(9):3.","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract Nurs"},{"key":"8527_CR6","unstructured":"Qi F. Effect of oral health education on elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Qilu J Nurs2018. p. 3."},{"key":"8527_CR7","first-page":"95","volume":"20","author":"D Gong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gong D. Evaluation of oral health education in patients with diabetic periodontitis. Healthc Sci Educ. 2018;20:95.","journal-title":"Healthc Sci Educ"},{"key":"8527_CR8","unstructured":"Organization WH. Oral health. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/oral-health"},{"issue":"17","key":"8527_CR9","first-page":"2","volume":"2","author":"X Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang X, Chen S, Jian Y, Juan Z. Effect of Personalized Health Education on Compliance of Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Nursing\u2019s Practicality. 2017;2(17):2.","journal-title":"J Clin Nursing\u2019s Practicality"},{"issue":"7","key":"8527_CR10","first-page":"2","volume":"19","author":"L Sun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sun L. Effect of oral health education on periodontal disease in patients with type \u2161 diabetes mellitus. Med J Chin People Health. 2007;19(7):2.","journal-title":"Med J Chin People Health"},{"key":"8527_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l1870","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1870","volume":"24","author":"E Mahase","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahase E. Dentists could help detect diabetes and cardiovascular disease during oral health checks. BMJ Apr. 2019;24:365:l1870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l1870.","journal-title":"BMJ Apr"},{"key":"8527_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saengtipbovorn S, Surasak, Taneepanichskul. Effectiveness of lifestyle change plus dental care (LCDC) program on improving glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(10).","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-72"},{"issue":"01","key":"8527_CR13","first-page":"50","volume":"33","author":"W Liang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liang W, Zhao H. Progress in clinical research on mutual causality between diabetes and oral diseases. Nurs Res. 2019;33(01):50\u20133.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"8527_CR14","first-page":"92","volume":"27","author":"L Xiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiao L, Chen P, Hong Y, Luo W. Effects of health education based on behavior change theory on oral health of elderly diabetic patients. Qilu J Nurs. 2021;27(21):92\u20135.","journal-title":"Qilu J Nurs"},{"issue":"01","key":"8527_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.16269\/j.cnki.cn11-9337\/r.2019.01.076","volume":"6","author":"K Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li K, Huang C. Analysis of nursing points in oral treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis. E-J Gen Stomatology. 2019;6(01):104\u2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16269\/j.cnki.cn11-9337\/r.2019.01.076.","journal-title":"E-J Gen Stomatology"},{"issue":"02","key":"8527_CR16","first-page":"217","volume":"41","author":"Y Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding Y, Wang F, Sen J, et al. Epidemiological survey of periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of different ages. J Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ (medical edition). 2021;41(02):217\u201322.","journal-title":"J Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ (medical edition)"},{"key":"8527_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db23-32-lb","author":"Z Yuqing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuqing Z, Suzanne L, Kimberly B, Sarah MC, Ling SHI. 32-LB: Oral Care Behaviors among the U.S. Population with Diabetes. Diabetes. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db23-32-lb. \/06\/20 2023;.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"01","key":"8527_CR18","first-page":"65","volume":"26","author":"L Hao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hao L, Xu H. Investigation on oral health quality of life in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the effect of KMB health education intervention. Qilu J Nurs. 2020;26(01):65\u20137.","journal-title":"Qilu J Nurs"},{"key":"8527_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-72","author":"S Saengtipbovorn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saengtipbovorn S, Taneepanichskul S. Effectiveness of lifestyle change plus dental care (LCDC) program on improving glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. BMC Oral Health. 2014https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6831-14-72.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"8527_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen C, Feng X, Li Y-T, Zhang Q, Jin Y-S. Development and validation of a self-management ability questionnaire for patients with chronic periodontitis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2019\/07\/10\/ 2019;6(3):259\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnss.2019.06.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnss.2019.06.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2021.03.002","volume":"72","author":"N Paurobally","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paurobally N, Kruger E, Tennant M. Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients With Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius. Int Dent J Feb. 2022;72(1):106\u201315.","journal-title":"Int Dent J Feb"},{"key":"8527_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-4-3-40","author":"K Almas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Almas K, Al-Lazzam S, Al-Quadairi A. The Effect of Oral Hygiene Instructions On Diabetic Type 2 Male Patients With Periodontal Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2019https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jcdp-4-3-40.","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"22","key":"8527_CR23","first-page":"4910","volume":"40","author":"W Xue","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xue W, Cheng Y, Li L, Tang C. Comprehensive management of oral health care in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Chin J Gerontol. 2020;40(22):4910\u20133.","journal-title":"Chin J Gerontol"},{"key":"8527_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim E-K, Lee SG, Choi Y-H et al. Association between diabetes-related factors and clinical periodontal parameters in type-2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Oral Health. 2013; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6831-13-64.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-13-64"},{"key":"8527_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paquette DW, Bell KP, Phillips C, Offenbacher S, Wilder RS. Dentists\u2019 Knowledge and Opinions of Oral-Systemic Disease Relationships: Relevance to Patient Care and Education. J Dent Educ. 2015;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2015.79.6.tb05934.x","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2015.79.6.tb05934.x"},{"key":"8527_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moore J, Csikar J, Kang J, Tugnait A, Campbell F, Clerehugh V. Awareness, practices, training, and confidence of Paediatric Diabetes Care Teams in relation to periodontitis. Pediatric Diabetes. 2020;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pedi.12966x.","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12966x"},{"key":"8527_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06460.x","author":"DA Albert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Albert DA, Ward A, Allweiss P, et al. Diabetes and oral disease: implications for health professionals. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06460.x.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"09","key":"8527_CR28","first-page":"158","volume":"39","author":"H Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang H, He G, Lin Z, Chen W. Application effect of nursing intervention based on WeChat platform in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated with periodontitis. Health Vocat Educ. 2021;39(09):158\u20139.","journal-title":"Health Vocat Educ"},{"key":"8527_CR29","unstructured":"Pan Y, Yan J. Introduction to the new classification of periodontitis. Chin J Practical Stomatology2021. p. 3."},{"issue":"5","key":"8527_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05112-9","volume":"63","author":"Y Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang Y, Lee JS, Lee KJ, Woo HG, Song TJ. Improved oral hygiene is associated with decreased risk of new-onset diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Diabetologia May. 2020;63(5):924\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-020-05112-9.","journal-title":"Diabetologia May"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12808","volume":"45","author":"M Sanz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanz M, Ceriello A, Buysschaert M, et al. Scientific evidence on the links between periodontal diseases and diabetes: Consensus report and guidelines of the joint workshop on periodontal diseases and diabetes by the International Diabetes Federation and the European Federation of Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol Feb. 2017;45(2):138\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12808.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol Feb"},{"key":"8527_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ternois M. The oral cavity: A mirror of diabetes. Journal Article Review. Presse medicale (Paris, France: 1983). 2017 Sep (Epub 2017 May 10) 2017;46(9):822\u2013830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.04.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.04.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.02.002","volume":"9","author":"Society of Periodontology CSA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Society of Periodontology CSA. Consensus of Chinese experts on diagnosis of severe periodontitis and treatment principles of periodontitis in special population. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Feb. 2017;9(2):67\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.02.002.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Feb"},{"key":"8527_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20190248","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2019-0248","volume":"28","author":"M Baeza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baeza M, Morales A, Cisterna C, et al. Effect of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis and diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Oral Sci. 2020;28:e20190248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-7757-2019-0248.","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"8527_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petropoulou P, Kalemikerakis I, Dokoutsidou E, Evangelou E, Konstantinidis T, Govina O. Oral Health Education in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Journal Article Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland). 2024 Apr 26 2024;12(9)https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare12090898","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12090898"},{"key":"8527_CR36","unstructured":"Zahn- DGfIi. Zahn- M-uKDGf, Kieferheilkunde M-u. *S3-Leitlinie: Zahnimplantate bei Diabetes mellitus*(AWMF-Registernummer: 083\u2009\u2013\u2009025, Version 2.0). 2022."},{"key":"8527_CR37","unstructured":"Programme SDCE. Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in primary care: Dental clinical guidance (2nd ed.). NHS Education for Scotland. 2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12058","volume":"64","author":"A Basak Cinar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Basak Cinar A, Schou L. Health promotion for patients with diabetes: health coaching or formal health education? Journal article. Int Dent J. 2014;64(1):20\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/idj.12058.","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"4","key":"8527_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140563","volume":"86","author":"S Saengtipbovorn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saengtipbovorn S, Taneepanichskul S. Effectiveness of lifestyle change plus dental care program in improving glycemic and periodontal status in aging patients with diabetes: a cluster, randomized, controlled trial. Journal article. J Periodontology (1930). 2015;86(4):507\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2015.140563.","journal-title":"J Periodontology (1930)"},{"issue":"01","key":"8527_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.13558\/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2017.01.037","volume":"15","author":"Y Dong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dong Y, Jin M, Bai P, Gu J, Chen Q, Yang H. Effect of health education based on health belief model on type 2 diabetes periodontitis and quality of life. Clin Educ Gen Pract. 2017;15(01):108\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13558\/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2017.01.037.","journal-title":"Clin Educ Gen Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"8527_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.58","volume":"2017 10","author":"U Nishihara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishihara U, Tanabe N, Nakamura T, Okada Y, Nishida T, Akihara S. A periodontal disease care program for patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Journal Article. J Gen family Med. 2017;2017 10(5):249\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jgf2.58.","journal-title":"J Gen family Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"8527_CR42","first-page":"1069","volume":"16","author":"C Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang C. Application of health education based on health belief model in oral basic treatment of diabetic patients with periodontitis. Chin Gen Pract Nurs. 2018;16(9):1069\u201371.","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract Nurs"},{"issue":"15","key":"8527_CR43","first-page":"86","volume":"24","author":"FW Qi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qi FW. Effect of oral health education on elderly diabetic patients with periodontitis. J Qilu Nurs. 2018;24(15):86\u20138.","journal-title":"J Qilu Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"8527_CR44","first-page":"161","volume":"16","author":"Y Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu Y. Effect of oral health education on elderly diabetic patients with periodontitis. Diabetes World. 2019;16(4):161.","journal-title":"Diabetes World"},{"issue":"31","key":"8527_CR45","first-page":"138","volume":"57","author":"Q Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang Q, Lou Q. Effect of WeChat health education combined with dietary and exercise intervention on periodontal status and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease. China Mod Doctor. 2019;57(31):138\u201342.","journal-title":"China Mod Doctor"},{"issue":"09","key":"8527_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.16658\/j.cnki.1672-4062.2020.09.135","volume":"23","author":"F Niu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Niu F. Observation and evaluation of the effect of oral health education in patients with diabetic periodontitis. Diabetes New World. 2020;23(09):135\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16658\/j.cnki.1672-4062.2020.09.135.","journal-title":"Diabetes New World"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR47","first-page":"249","volume":"18","author":"W Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu W, Hao S, Zhou Y, Mei Y, Liu Z. Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on serum biochemical indexes and inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis. Chin J Gen Pract. 2020;18(2):249\u201351.","journal-title":"Chin J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"06","key":"8527_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.16269\/j.cnki.cn11-9337\/r.2020.06.052","volume":"7","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z. Application of health education based on teach-back method in periodontal health care and blood glucose management of diabetic patients with periodontitis. Electron J Gen Stomatology. 2020;7(06):74\u2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16269\/j.cnki.cn11-9337\/r.2020.06.052.","journal-title":"Electron J Gen Stomatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1009-6469.2020.10.025","volume":"34","author":"F Lei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lei F, Ni J, Bai D, Zhou Y, Fan J. Effects of periodontal intervention on periodontal inflammation and blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anhui Med Pharm J. 2020;34(2):202\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1009-6469.2020.10.025.","journal-title":"Anhui Med Pharm J"},{"key":"8527_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hsu YJ, Chen YH, Lin KD, et al. Clinical Outcomes and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life after Periodontal Treatment with Community Health Worker Strategy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a Randomized Controlled Study. Journal article. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18168371.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18168371"},{"issue":"4","key":"8527_CR51","first-page":"177","volume":"30","author":"JF Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu JF, Zhang Y. Analysis of the application effect of health education in patients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. J Qilu Nurs. 2024;30(4):177\u20138.","journal-title":"J Qilu Nurs"},{"issue":"10","key":"8527_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.16658\/j.cnki.1672-4062.2023.19.122","volume":"26","author":"QZ Lai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lai QZ, Xie M, Huang M. Analysis of the effect of health education on treatment adherence and blood glucose levels in patients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes New World. 2023;26(10):122\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16658\/j.cnki.1672-4062.2023.19.122.","journal-title":"Diabetes New World"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR53","first-page":"202","volume":"34","author":"Y Shang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shang Y, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Fu H, Li F. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic periodontitis. Shanghai J Stomatology. 2025;34(2):202\u20137.","journal-title":"Shanghai J Stomatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24395","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-09034-7","volume":"8","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang C, Xu H, Zhou N, Hong X. Community interventions improve diabetes management and oral health in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic periodontitis. Sci Rep Jul. 2025;8(1):24395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-09034-7.","journal-title":"Sci Rep Jul"},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28014","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13434-0","volume":"31","author":"C Xiao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiao C, Zhang L, Li Z, et al. Periodontal health intervention for oral health-related outcomes in older type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized controlled trial in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Sci Rep Jul. 2025;31(1):28014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-13434-0.","journal-title":"Sci Rep Jul"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR56","first-page":"231","volume":"32","author":"Q Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang Q, Ma J, Yu Z, Yuan J. Effect of regular periodontal maintenance on community diabetic patients with periodontal disease. Heilongjiang Med J. 2019;32(2):231\u20132.","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Med J"},{"issue":"10","key":"8527_CR57","first-page":"1","volume":"52","author":"W Liu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Liu W, Gao P, Qi W, Zhao Y. Analysis of the application effect of teach-back health education in patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Qinghai Med J. 2026;52(10):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Qinghai Med J"},{"key":"8527_CR58","unstructured":"Programme SDCE. sdcep-prevention-and-treatment-of-periodontal-diseases-in-primary-care-2nd-edition. NHS Education for Scotland. 2024;2nd ed."},{"key":"8527_CR59","unstructured":"England PH. DBOH Guideline Development Manual. Public Health Engl. 2020;GW\u2013965."},{"key":"8527_CR60","unstructured":"Care DoHaS, Government W, Ireland DHN, England PH, Improvement NEN. Chapter 2: Summary guidance tables for dental teams. In Delivering better oral health: An evidence-based toolkit for prevention. 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y","volume":"55","author":"PM Preshaw","year":"2012","unstructured":"Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, et al. Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship. Diabetologia Jan. 2012;55(1):21\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y.","journal-title":"Diabetologia Jan"},{"issue":"9","key":"8527_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v10.i9.485","volume":"10","author":"B Rohani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rohani B. Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes. 2019;10(9):485\u20139.","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"8527_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arbildo-Vega HI, Cruzado-Oliva FH, Infantes-Ruiz ED, et al. An Umbrella Review of the Association Between Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Healthcare (Basel) Nov. 2024;19(22). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare12222311.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12222311"},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075576","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2022.2075576","volume":"31","author":"Y Harada","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harada Y, Prajapati D, Poudel P, Karmacharya B, Sugishita T, Rawal L. Effectiveness of oral health promotion interventions for people with type 2 diabetes delivered by non-dental health care professionals: a systematic review. Glob Health Action Dec. 2022;31(1):2075576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16549716.2022.2075576.","journal-title":"Glob Health Action Dec"},{"issue":"24","key":"8527_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-2443","volume":"10","author":"B Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao B, Wu J, Lv K, Shen C, Yao H. Visualized analysis of hotspots and frontiers in diabetes-associated periodontal disease research: a bibliometric study. Ann Transl Med Dec. 2022;10(24):1305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm-22-2443.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med Dec"},{"key":"8527_CR66","unstructured":"Qingyue M. People\u2019s Republic of China Health System Review. Health Syst Transition 2015;5(7)."},{"key":"8527_CR67","unstructured":"Effectiveness of lifestyle change. plus dental care (LCDC) program on improving glycemic and periodontal status in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. BMC Oral Health 14(72):10."},{"issue":"3","key":"8527_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2023.10.018","volume":"74","author":"AM Glenny","year":"2024","unstructured":"Glenny AM, Walsh T, Iwasaki M, et al. Development of Tooth Brushing Recommendations Through Professional Consensus. Int Dent J Jun. 2024;74(3):526\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.identj.2023.10.018.","journal-title":"Int Dent J Jun"},{"key":"8527_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8592336","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/8592336","volume":"2024","author":"A Abbinante","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abbinante A, Antonacci A, Antonioni M, et al. Concordance and Clinical Outcomes Improvement Following Oral Hygiene Motivation: A Systematic Review and Report of the Workshop of the Italian Societies of Dental Hygiene. Int J Dent. 2024;2024:8592336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/8592336.","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"8527_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012018","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012018.pub2","volume":"10","author":"HV Worthington","year":"2019","unstructured":"Worthington HV, MacDonald L, Poklepovic Pericic T, et al. Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal diseases and dental caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Apr. 2019;10(4):CD012018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD012018.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev Apr"},{"issue":"2","key":"8527_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.57.67","volume":"57","author":"H Oh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oh H, Hirano J, Takai H, Ogata Y. Effects of initial periodontal therapy on interleukin-1beta level in gingival crevicular fluid and clinical periodontal parameters. J Oral Sci Jun. 2015;57(2):67\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2334\/josnusd.57.67.","journal-title":"J Oral Sci Jun"},{"key":"8527_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ternois M. Sep. The oral cavity: A mirror of diabetes. Presse Med. 2017;46(9):822\u2013830. La bouche: un miroir du diabete. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.04.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2017.04.001"},{"key":"8527_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ominyi J, Clifton A, Cushen-Brewster N. Long-term effectiveness of physical activity interventions for adults across income contexts: a systematic review of strategies and outcome. Bull Fac Phys Therapy. 2024;29(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43161-024-00257-9.","DOI":"10.1186\/s43161-024-00257-9"},{"key":"8527_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.101943","volume":"29","author":"S Linder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Linder S, Ferschl S, Abu-Omar K, Ziemainz H, Reimers AK. Evaluating physical activity interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged adults through the RE-AIM framework: A systematic review of experimental and non-\/quasi-experimental trials. Prev Med Rep Oct. 2022;29:101943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.101943.","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep Oct"},{"issue":"3","key":"8527_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-019-0463-4","volume":"74","author":"A Yau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yau A, Adams J, White M, Nicolaou M. Differences in diet quality and socioeconomic patterning of diet quality across ethnic groups: cross-sectional data from the HELIUS Dietary Patterns study. Eur J Clin Nutr Mar. 2020;74(3):387\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41430-019-0463-4.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr Mar"},{"issue":"12","key":"8527_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-9990","volume":"33","author":"SR Colberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, et al. Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care Dec. 2010;33(12):e147\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc10-9990.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care Dec"},{"key":"8527_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice C. Summary of Revisions: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. Diabetes Care. Jan 1 2025;48(1 Suppl 1):S6-S13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc25-SREV","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-SREV"},{"key":"8527_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petropoulou P, Kalemikerakis I, Dokoutsidou E, Evangelou E, Konstantinidis T, Govina O. Oral Health Education in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) Apr. 2024;26(9). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare12090898.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12090898"},{"key":"8527_CR79","unstructured":"Liu F. Observation and Evaluation of Oral Health Education in Patients with Diabetic Periodontitis. Diabetes New World2020. p. 2."},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-025-12496-0","volume":"6","author":"S Ravi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ravi S, Meyerowitz-Katz G, Yung C, et al. Effect of virtual care in type 2 diabetes management - a systematic umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. BMC Health Serv Res Mar. 2025;6(1):348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-025-12496-0.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res Mar"},{"key":"8527_CR81","unstructured":"Organization WH. Global strategy and action plan on oral health. doi:https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/26-05-2024-who-releases-global-strategy-and-action-plan-on-oral-health"},{"key":"8527_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chapple ILC, Genco R. Diabetes and periodontal diseases: consensus report of the Joint EFP\/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases. 2013;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2013.1340011","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.1340011"},{"issue":"11","key":"8527_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05993-9","volume":"23","author":"S Rieger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rieger S, Walker H, Mittelhamm F, et al. Tooth loss during long-term periodontal therapy in specialized practices - a retrospective cohort study from a periodontal practice-based research network (Perio-PBRN). Clin Oral Investig Oct. 2024;23(11):607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-024-05993-9.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig Oct"},{"issue":"1","key":"8527_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-023-00809-8","volume":"28","author":"TJ Tao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tao TJ, Lim TK, Yeung ETF, et al. Internet-based and mobile-based cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ Digit Med Apr. 2023;28(1):80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-023-00809-8.","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med Apr"},{"key":"8527_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maisto M, Diana B, Di Tella S, et al. Digital Interventions for Psychological Comorbidities in Chronic Diseases-A Systematic Review. J Pers Med Jan. 2021;6(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm11010030.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11010030"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T04:43:00Z","timestamp":1784004180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-08527-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1260"}}