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All the sample specimens of metal bars were scanned and superimposed with the reference STL reference design by using the Geomagic Control X software program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant statistical difference in manufacture accuracy and geometric discrepancy in the bars fabricated by DMLS compared to indirectly 3D-printed conventional Co-Cr bars in mandibular implant retained overdenture. The Casted group has a mean of 0.1128\u2009\u00b1\u20090.006, while the DMLS group has a mean of 0.1206\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01. There was no significant difference between the groups, Regarding Internal Discrepancy, the Casted group shows a mean of 0.1659\u2009\u00b1\u20090.118, and the DMLS group has a mean of 0.1678\u2009\u00b1\u20090.035. The research indicates no significant difference between the groups for this variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No significant difference in Manufacture accuracy and geometric discrepancy of direct laser sintering versus cast 3D printed resin pattern of Co-Cr bars in mandibular implant retained complete overdenture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T23:55:06Z","timestamp":1784850906000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Manufacture accuracy and geometric discrepancy of direct laser sintering versus cast cobalt chromium bars in mandibular implant retained overdenture: an in-vitro comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8142-3176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehab A.","family":"Farrag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed E.","family":"El-Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Moselhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kawkb M.","family":"El-Tamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"9358_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beresescu FG, Mucenic SG, Bors A. 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J Prosthet Dent. 2024;132(1):51\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.10.012.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"}],"container-title":["BMC Oral Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:12:13Z","timestamp":1784851933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-026-09358-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6831","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT to improve the linguistic quality and grammatical structure of the text.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was viewed by the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University. Since it was conducted on an educational complete edentulous model, ethical considerations regarding patients or experimental animals were therefore not applied.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable for this study, patient consent is not applicable for this study because it is in vitro study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1335"}}