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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BM-MSC-Exo) and nanocurcumin (NCUR) possess anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties; however, their combined effects on odontoblasts remain insufficiently explored. The research target was to assess the histological, histochemical, and anti-inflammatory effects of BM-MSC-Exo and NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo on odontoblasts of LPS-induced periodontitis in rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-eight male albino rats were assigned at random into four groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097 each): control, periodontitis, periodontitis treated with BM-MSC-Exo, and periodontitis treated with NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo. Periodontitis was induced via intra-periodontal LPS injections. Histological evaluation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and collagen synthesis was analyzed using Masson\u2019s trichrome stain. Morphometric analysis of newly formed collagen and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Untreated periodontitis caused marked odontoblastic degeneration, reduced predentin thickness, and decreased collagen formation. Treatment with BM-MSC-Exo significantly improved odontoblastic architecture, enhanced collagen deposition, and increased IL-10 expression. NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo demonstrated superior regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects, characterized by improved odontoblastic organization, increasing the area of newly formed collagen, and significantly elevated IL-10 levels compared with all other groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BM-MSC-Exo exerts regenerative effects on odontoblasts in periodontitis, which are further enhanced by NCUR loading. NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo declares an encouraging cell-free medicinal strategy for regeneration of periodontal and pulpal tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-09697-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:54:28Z","timestamp":1788396868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced odontoblast regeneration and anti-inflammatory effects of nanocurcumin-loaded BM-MSC-derived exosomes in an LPS-induced periodontitis rat model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0576-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nehad M.","family":"Abd-elmonsif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Morsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona El","family":"Deeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9697_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/cga.12169","volume":"56","author":"N -Kawashima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kawashima N, Okiji T. 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