{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T05:05:50Z","timestamp":1740632750592,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10531G_212822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10531G_212822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Palliat Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Four medication types\u2014opioids, benzodiazepines, anticholinergics, and antipsychotics\u2014have been proposed as essential for patients in their final days, regardless of their primary diagnosis. These drugs are typically prescribed for individuals with cancer who are under specialized palliative care (PC+). However, it is not known whether their usage is equally common for patients with other chronic and progressive conditions, such as heart failure (HF), or for those who are not under specialized palliative care (PC-).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To assess the prescription frequency of each of the four medication types during the final hospitalization of patients with HF and compare it with the prescription frequency in patients with cancer (CA), considering both PC\u2009+\u2009and PC- patients in each disease group.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study included all patients dying in a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2022. We created three disease groups \u2013 \u201cHF,\u201d \u201cCA,\u201d and \u201cHF&amp;CA\u201d \u2013 splitting each of them into two groups, depending on whether they received PC. So there were a total of six groups \u2013 \u201cHF PC+\u201d, \u201cHF PC-\u201c, \u201cCA PC+\u201d, \u201cCA PC-\u201d, \u201cHF&amp;CA PC+\u201d, and \u201cHF&amp;CA PC-\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Of the 3,874 patients, 1,921 (59%) had cancer exclusively, 371 (10%) had heart failure exclusively, and 691 (18%) had both. The median length of stay was 9 days (IQR 2\u201316). Within each diagnosis group, PC\u2009+\u2009patients had a higher prescription frequency for each medication type than PC- patients. For example, patients who received PC had 12 times the odds of being prescribed opioids than those who did not receive it (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Among the six groups, the highest prescription frequency of opioids, benzodiazepines, and anticholinergics was seen in the \u201cHF PC+\u201d group and the lowest in the \u201cHF PC-\u201d group. Antipsychotics were prescribed less frequently in the \u201cHF PC-\u201d and the \u201cCA PC-\u201d groups and were mainly prescribed in the \u201cCA PC+\u201d group.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Across the diagnostic groups, a notable difference in the prescription of the four medication types was observed between PC\u2009+\u2009and PC- patients. This difference was more pronounced among patients with HF (without cancer).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-025-01682-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T04:43:43Z","timestamp":1740545023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prescription of essential medication during the final hospitalization of patients with heart failure or cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Jaramillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Hagemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Hunziker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maud","family":"Maessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Eychm\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1682_CR1","unstructured":"Palliative Care - Last days of life: NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. 2022 [updated January 2023. 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All the patients included in this study consented to the use of their clinical data. The cantonal ethics committee of Bern approved this study (ID: 2021\u2009\u2212\u200900253) on March 27, 2023.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"51"}}