{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:36:00Z","timestamp":1789706160237,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Auckland Medical Research Foundation, New Zealand"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Palliat Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global trend of legalising assisted dying (AD) has reshaped end-of-life care practices, and Aotearoa New Zealand\u2019s adoption of the End of Life Choice Act (the Act) in 2019 represents a significant shift. Limited empirical research on AD in New Zealand after the enactment of the Act underscores the need for investigation. Conducting research in the early stages of AD implementation is crucial to building a strong knowledge base and laying the foundation for future research. This would ensure equitable and suitable service provision for the service users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research captured the experiences of health practitioners directly involved in providing AD under New Zealand\u2019s End of Life Choice Act 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the \u201cmemorable case\u201d approach, 22 participants reflected on the process of assessing, treating, and delivering AD services in the first 12 months of implementing the new AD law.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thematic analysis identified four major themes underlying the experiences of assisted dying practitioners\/providers (ADPs). The themes focused on three aspects of ADPs\u2019 experience: KNOWING: prior personal experience (personal beliefs, clinical background, and AD training) and reflective experiences of DOING assessments, service delivery, and patient\/family experiences and BEING an ADP (personal, professional, emotional, and social impacts). Additionally, the themes highlighted the overarching influence of health system infrastructure, challenges, and resources that shaped ADPs\u2019 overall experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings contribute to new knowledge by uncovering gaps in understanding, competency, service implementation, and the emotional impact on ADPs. The findings could inform the development of an educational, supportive, and culturally safe program, including resources for workforce development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:39:00Z","timestamp":1748047140000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early experiences of the End of Life Choice Act 2019 amongst assisted dying practitioners in Aotearoa New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Aida","family":"Dehkhoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqualine","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Sundram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Hoeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1747_CR1","unstructured":"New Zealand Legislation. End of Life Choice Act 2019. 2021; Available at: https:\/\/www.legislation.govt.nz\/act\/public\/2019\/0067\/latest\/whole.html. Accessed November, 2023."},{"key":"1747_CR2","unstructured":"Te Whatu Ora. Assisted dying eligibility and access. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.tewhatuora.govt.nz\/for-the-health-sector\/assisted-dying-service\/assisted-dying-information-for-the-public\/assisted-dying-eligibility-and-access\/#eligibility-criteria. Accessed July, 2023."},{"key":"1747_CR3","unstructured":"Te Whatu Ora. Delivering assisted dying services. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.tewhatuora.govt.nz\/for-the-health-sector\/assisted-dying-service\/information-for-health-professionals\/delivering-assisted-dying-services\/. Accessed August, 2023."},{"issue":"1582","key":"1747_CR4","first-page":"52","volume":"136","author":"A Dehkhoda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dehkhoda A, Frey R, Carey M, Jing X, Robinson J, Sundram F, et al. Exploring the impact of e-learning modules and webinars on health professionals\u2019 Understanding of the end of life choice act 2019: a secondary analysis of Manat\u016b Hauora-Ministry of health workforce survey. N Z Med J. 2023;136(1582):52\u201363.","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2019-002018","volume":"11","author":"T Patel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patel T, Christy K, Grierson L, Shadd J, Farag A, O\u2019Toole D, et al. Clinician responses to legal requests for hastened death: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research. BMJ Supportive Palliat Care. 2021;11(1):59\u201367.","journal-title":"BMJ Supportive Palliat Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"1747_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.02.011","volume":"55","author":"JK Fujioka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fujioka JK, Mirza RM, McDonald PL, Klinger CA. Implementation of medical assistance in dying: a scoping review of health care providers\u2019 perspectives. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018;55(6):1564\u201376. e9.","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"9","key":"1747_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216319861921","volume":"33","author":"M Bouthillier","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bouthillier M, Opatrny L. A qualitative study of physicians\u2019 conscientious objections to medical aid in dying. Palliat Med. 2019;33(9):1212\u201320.","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"1747_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114568","volume":"292","author":"M Sellars","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sellars M, White BP, Yates P, Willmott L. Medical practitioners\u2019 views and experiences of being involved in assisted dying in Victoria, Australia: a qualitative interview study among participating Doctors. Soc Sci Med. 2022;292:114568.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/20508549.2006.11877782","volume":"73","author":"KR Stevens Jr","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stevens KR Jr. Emotional and psychological effects of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia on participating physicians. Linacre Q. 2006;73(3):203\u201316.","journal-title":"Linacre Q"},{"key":"1747_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"30","author":"J Snelling","year":"2022","unstructured":"Snelling J. Critiquing the end of life choice act 2019. New Z Universities Law Rev. 2022;30:1\u201330.","journal-title":"New Z Universities Law Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-023-01222-4","volume":"22","author":"J Snelling","year":"2023","unstructured":"Snelling J, Young J, Beaumont S, Diesfeld K, White B, Willmott L, et al. Health care providers\u2019 early experiences of assisted dying in Aotearoa new Zealand: an evolving clinical service. BMC Palliat Care. 2023;22(1):101.","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"key":"1747_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205031212091345","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312120913452","volume":"8","author":"R Beuthin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beuthin R, Bruce A, Hopwood M, Robertson WD, Bertoni K. Rediscovering the Art of medicine, rewards, and risks: physicians\u2019 experience of providing medical assistance in dying in Canada. SAGE Open Med. 2020;8:2050312120913452.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1747_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0509","volume":"23","author":"J Brown","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown J, Goodridge D, Harrison A, Kemp J, Thorpe L, Weiler R. Medical assistance in dying: patients\u2019, families\u2019, and health care providers\u2019 perspectives on access and care delivery. J Palliat Med. 2020;23(11):1468\u201377.","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1747_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14238","volume":"49","author":"C Peisah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peisah C, Sheahan L, White BP. Biggest decision of them all\u2013death and assisted dying: capacity assessments and undue influence screening. Intern Med J. 2019;49(6):792\u20136.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1747_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951522000116","volume":"21","author":"E Smolej","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smolej E, Malozewski M, McKendry S, Diab K, Daubert C, Farnum A, et al. A qualitative study exploring family caregivers\u2019 support needs in the context of medical assistance in dying. Palliat Support Care. 2023;21(2):254\u201360.","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"key":"1747_CR16","unstructured":"Thangarasa T, Hales S, Tong E, An E, Selby D, Isenberg-Grzeda E et al. A race to the end: family caregivers\u2019 experience of medical assistance in dying (MAiD)\u2014a qualitative study. J Gen Intern Med 2022:1\u20137."},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51123","volume":"215","author":"L Willmott","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willmott L, White BP, Sellars M, Yates PM. Participating Doctors\u2019 perspectives on the regulation of voluntary assisted dying in Victoria: a qualitative study. Med J Aust. 2021;215(3):125\u20139.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"1747_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263235242211038","DOI":"10.1177\/26323524221103889","volume":"16","author":"JP Winters","year":"2022","unstructured":"Winters JP, Pickering N, Jaye C. Winging it: a qualitative study of knowledge-acquisition experiences for early adopting providers of medical assistance in dying. Palliat Care Social Pract. 2022;16:26323524221103889.","journal-title":"Palliat Care Social Pract"},{"key":"1747_CR19","unstructured":"Archives New Zealand. The Treaty of Waitangi. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.archives.govt.nz\/discover-our-stories\/the-treaty-of-waitangi. Accessed November, 2023."},{"key":"1747_CR20","unstructured":"NZ Ministry of Health. Assisted Dying Secretariat. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/our-work\/regulation-health-and-disability-system\/assisted-dying-service\/about-assisted-dying-service\/assisted-dying-secretariat#:~:text=The%20Assisted%20Dying%20secretariat%2C%20within,the%20people%20and%20practitioners%20involved. Accessed September, 2023."},{"key":"1747_CR21","unstructured":"Larkin M, Flowers P, Smith JA. Interpretative phenomenological analysis: theory, method and research. Interpretative Phenomenological Anal 2021:1\u2013100."},{"issue":"12","key":"1747_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2954","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13031","volume":"72","author":"H Kallio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kallio H, Pietil\u00e4 A, Johnson M, Kangasniemi M. Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi-structured interview guide. J Adv Nurs. 2016;72(12):2954\u201365.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"1747_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-196807000-00014","volume":"17","author":"BG Glaser","year":"1968","unstructured":"Glaser BG, Strauss AL, Strutzel E. The discovery of grounded theory; strategies for qualitative research. Nurs Res. 1968;17(4):364.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1080\/14780887.2020.1769238","volume":"18","author":"V Braun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative Res Psychol. 2021;18(3):328\u201352.","journal-title":"Qualitative Res Psychol"},{"key":"1747_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Toward good practice in thematic analysis: avoiding common problems and be (com) Ing a knowing researcher. Int J Transgender Health 2022:1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2129597"},{"issue":"4","key":"1747_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/maq.12468","volume":"32","author":"M Buchbinder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buchbinder M. Choreographing death: a social phenomenology of medical aid-in\u2010dying in the united States. Med Anthropol Q. 2018;32(4):481\u201397.","journal-title":"Med Anthropol Q"},{"key":"1747_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grant C, Osanloo A. Understanding, Selecting, and Integrating a Theoretical Framework in Dissertation Research: Creating the Blueprint for Your House. AIJ. 2014;4(2).","DOI":"10.5929\/2014.4.2.9"},{"key":"1747_CR28","unstructured":"Heidegger M. Being and time. Suny; 2010."},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/03626784.1977.11075533","volume":"6","author":"M Van Manen","year":"1977","unstructured":"Van Manen M. Linking ways of knowing with ways of being practical. Curriculum Inq. 1977;6(3):205\u201328.","journal-title":"Curriculum Inq"},{"issue":"11","key":"1747_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2021.09.012","volume":"125","author":"JP Winters","year":"2021","unstructured":"Winters JP, Pickering N, Jaye C. Because it was new: unexpected experiences of physician providers during Canada\u2019s early years of legal medical assistance in dying. Health Policy. 2021;125(11):1489\u201397.","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"1747_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15324","volume":"78","author":"M Sandham","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sandham M, Carey M, Hedgecock E, Jarden R. Nurses\u2019 experiences of supporting patients requesting voluntary assisted dying: A qualitative meta-synthesis. J Adv Nurs. 2022;78(10):3101\u201315.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"1747_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4811-1","volume":"34","author":"M Buchbinder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buchbinder M, Brassfield ER, Mishra M. Health care providers\u2019 experiences with implementing medical aid-in-dying in Vermont: a qualitative study. J Gen Intern Med. 2019;34:636\u201341.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1747_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmx041","volume":"34","author":"K Ten Cate","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ten Cate K, van Tol DG, van de Vathorst S. Considerations on requests for euthanasia or assisted suicide; a qualitative study with Dutch general practitioners. Fam Pract. 2017;34(6):723\u20139.","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2007.020909","volume":"34","author":"JJ Georges","year":"2008","unstructured":"Georges JJ, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, van der Wal G. Dealing with requests for euthanasia: a qualitative study investigating the experience of general practitioners. J Med Ethics. 2008;34(3):150\u20135.","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"key":"1747_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11019-016-9744-z","volume":"20","author":"IC Otte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Otte IC, Jung C, Elger B, Bally K. We need to talk! Barriers to GPs\u2019 communication about the option of physician-assisted suicide and their ethical implications: results from a qualitative study. Med Health Care Philos. 2017;20:249\u201356.","journal-title":"Med Health Care Philos"},{"key":"1747_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrnes E, Ross AI, Murphy M. A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to implementing assisted dying: A qualitative evidence synthesis of professionals\u2019 perspectives. OMEGA-Journal Death Dying 2022:00302228221116697.","DOI":"10.1177\/00302228221116697"},{"issue":"1576","key":"1747_CR37","first-page":"11","volume":"136","author":"A Dehkhoda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dehkhoda A, Frey R, Carey M, Jing X, Bull S, Sundram F, et al. Health professionals\u2019 Understanding and attitude towards the end of life choice act 2019: a secondary analysis of Manat\u016b Hauora-Ministry of health workforce surveys. New Z Med J (Online). 2023;136(1576):11\u201331.","journal-title":"New Z Med J (Online)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2016-001291","volume":"9","author":"C Gamondi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gamondi C, Borasio GD, Oliver P, Preston N, Payne S. Responses to assisted suicide requests: an interview study with Swiss palliative care physicians. BMJ Supportive Palliat Care. 2019;9(1):e7.","journal-title":"BMJ Supportive Palliat Care"},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"1747_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3870","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15427","volume":"29","author":"B Pesut","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pesut B, Thorne S, Storch J, Chambaere K, Greig M, Burgess M. Riding an elephant: A qualitative study of nurses\u2019 moral journeys in the context of medical assistance in dying (MAiD). J Clin Nurs. 2020;29(19\u201320):3870\u201381.","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"1747_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263235242211288","DOI":"10.1177\/26323524221128839","volume":"16","author":"C Variath","year":"2022","unstructured":"Variath C, Peter E, Cranley L, Godkin D. Experiences of healthcare providers with eligible patients\u2019 loss of decision-making capacity while awaiting medical assistance in dying. Palliat Care Social Pract. 2022;16:26323524221128839.","journal-title":"Palliat Care Social Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-023-00902-3","volume":"24","author":"BP White","year":"2023","unstructured":"White BP, Jeanneret R, Close E, Willmott L. The impact on patients of objections by institutions to assisted dying: a qualitative study of family caregivers\u2019 perceptions. BMC Med Ethics. 2023;24(1):1\u201312.","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"1747_CR42","unstructured":"White BP, Willmott L, Close E, Downie J. Legislative options to address institutional objections to voluntary assisted dying in Australia. University of New South Wales Law Journal Forum; University of New South Wales, Faculty of Law Sydney, NSW; 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-021-00753-y","volume":"20","author":"DD Morgan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morgan DD, Litster C, Winsall M, Devery K, Rawlings D. It\u2019s given me confidence: a pragmatic qualitative evaluation exploring the perceived benefits of online end-of\u2010life education on clinical care. BMC Palliat Care. 2021;20(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"issue":"14","key":"1747_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732318796477","volume":"28","author":"M Sercu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sercu M, Beyens I, Cosyns M, Mertens F, Deveugele M, Pype P. Rethinking end-of-life care and palliative care: learning from the illness trajectories and lived experiences of terminally ill patients and their family carers. Qual Health Res. 2018;28(14):2220\u201338.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1747_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/1355819619834962","volume":"24","author":"JK Fujioka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fujioka JK, Mirza RM, Klinger CA, McDonald LP. Medical assistance in dying: implications for health systems from a scoping review of the literature. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2019;24(3):207\u201316.","journal-title":"J Health Serv Res Policy"},{"issue":"8","key":"1747_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0161407","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161407","volume":"11","author":"N White","year":"2016","unstructured":"White N, Reid F, Harris A, Harries P, Stone P. A systematic review of predictions of survival in palliative care: how accurate are clinicians and who are the experts? PLoS ONE. 2016;11(8):e0161407.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1747_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.8499","volume":"316","author":"EJ Emanuel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Emanuel EJ, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Urwin JW, Cohen J. Attitudes and practices of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the united States, Canada, and Europe. JAMA. 2016;316(1):79\u201390.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"1747_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200002243420805","volume":"342","author":"JH Groenewoud","year":"2000","unstructured":"Groenewoud JH, van der Heide A, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Willems DL, van der Maas PJ, van der Wal G. Clinical problems with the performance of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the Netherlands. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(8):551\u20136.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1747_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colleran M, Doherty AM. Examining assisted suicide and euthanasia through the lens of healthcare quality. Ir J Med Sci (1971-) 2023:1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-023-03418-2"},{"key":"1747_CR50","unstructured":"NZ Ministry of Health. Assisted Dying Service reporting. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/our-work\/regulation-health-and-disability-system\/assisted-dying-service\/assisted-dying-service-reporting#:~:text=On%206%20March%202023%2C%20some,New%20health%20and%20disability%20system. Accessed November, 2023."},{"issue":"2","key":"1747_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.05.006","volume":"56","author":"N Khoshnood","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khoshnood N, Hopwood M, Lokuge B, Kurahashi A, Tobin A, Isenberg S, et al. Exploring Canadian physicians\u2019 experiences providing medical assistance in dying: a qualitative study. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018;56(2):222\u20139. e1.","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"1747_CR52","unstructured":"NZ Ministry of Health. Post Implementation Review\u2013 Assisted Dying Service. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/our-work\/regulation-health-and-disability-system\/assisted-dying-service\/assisted-dying-service-reporting\/post-implementation-review-assisted-dying-service. Accessed September, 2023."},{"key":"1747_CR53","unstructured":"Te Whatu Ora. Assisted Dying Service Data and Reporting. 2023; Available at: https:\/\/www.tewhatuora.govt.nz\/for-the-health-sector\/assisted-dying-service\/assisted-dying-service-data-and-reporting\/. Accessed September, 2023."},{"issue":"6","key":"1747_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216316669921","volume":"31","author":"PJ Malpas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Malpas PJ, Anderson A, Jacobs P, Jacobs T, Luinstra D, Paul D, et al. It\u2019s not all just about the dying\u2019. Kaum\u0101tua M\u0101ori attitudes towards physician aid-in dying: A narrative enquiry. Palliat Med. 2017;31(6):544\u201352.","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1747_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1071\/PY17082","volume":"24","author":"W Jennings","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jennings W, Bond C, Hill PS. The power of talk and power in talk: a systematic review of Indigenous narratives of culturally safe healthcare communication. Aust J Prim Health. 2018;24(2):109\u201315.","journal-title":"Aust J Prim Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Palliative Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T13:03:56Z","timestamp":1748091836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01747-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study received ethics approval from the University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee (UAHPEC) (Ref. UAHPEC24335). All interviews were performed in accordance with the UAHPEC guidelines and regulations. Written informed consent for participation and use of data was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable as no identifying information is published in the current study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"A.D., R.F., M.C., F.S., N.H., S.B., and G.C. declare no competing interests. J.R. is a Support and Consultation for End-of-Life New Zealand (SCENZ) group member.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"149"}}