{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:38:35Z","timestamp":1792787915570,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["R34HL174885"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R34HL174885"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/012pb6c26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Palliat Care"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T01:13:48Z","timestamp":1783732428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Promoting palliative care for people with heart failure: the P3HF study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yutong","family":"Men","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giselle","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hargun","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashar","family":"Kadhim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Beasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Segar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Quang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelli","family":"Feder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e895","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001063","volume":"145","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, et al. 2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022;145:e895\u20131032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001063.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2206_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.3871","volume":"175","author":"RF Khan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khan RF, Feder S, Goldstein NE, Chaudhry SI. Symptom Burden Among Patients Who Were Hospitalized for Heart Failure. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175:1713\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.3871.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2206_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2013.0526","volume":"17","author":"D Kavalieratos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kavalieratos D, Kamal AH, Abernethy AP, Biddle AK, Carey TS, Dev S, et al. Comparing Unmet Needs between Community-Based Palliative Care Patients with Heart Failure and Patients with Cancer. J Palliat Med. 2014;17:475\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jpm.2013.0526.","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"2206_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.027","volume":"61","author":"SI Chaudhry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chaudhry SI, McAvay G, Chen S, Whitson H, Newman AB, Krumholz HM, et al. Risk Factors for Hospitalization Among Older Persons Newly Diagnosed with Heart Failure: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:635\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.027.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2206_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/0825859718777361","volume":"33","author":"D Schulman-Green","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schulman-Green D, Lin JJ, Smith CB, Feder S, Bickell NA. Facilitators and Barriers to Oncologists\u2019 Conduct of Goals of Care Conversations. J Palliat Care. 2018;33:143\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0825859718777361.","journal-title":"J Palliat Care"},{"key":"2206_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2018.07.389","volume":"24","author":"ZP Hoydich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoydich ZP, Harinstein M, Rose B, Rollman B, Berlacher K, Kavalieratos D. Teach a Man to Fish: Clinician Perspectives on Primary Palliative Care in Heart Failure. J Card Fail. 2018;24:S103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2018.07.389.","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2206_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.1687","volume":"1","author":"A Mandawat","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mandawat A, Heidenreich PA, Mandawat A, Bhatt DL. Trends in Palliative Care Use in Veterans With Severe Heart Failure Using a Large National Cohort. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;1:617\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.1687.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2206_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4517","volume":"2","author":"MR Robinson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robinson MR, Al-Kindi SG, Oliveira GH. Trends in Palliative Care Use in Elderly Men and Women With Severe Heart Failure in the United States. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4517.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2206_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.04.057","volume":"80","author":"YK Chang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chang YK, Allen LA, McClung JA, Philip J, Mori M, Perez -Cruz, Pedro, et al. Criteria for Referral of Patients With Advanced Heart Failure for Specialized Palliative Care. JACC. 2022;80:332\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.04.057.","journal-title":"JACC"},{"key":"2206_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006881","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.006881","volume":"13","author":"YK Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang YK, Kaplan H, Geng Y, Mo L, Philip J, Collins A, et al. Referral Criteria to Palliative Care for Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. Circ Heart Fail. 2020;13:e006881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.006881.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2206_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2021.03.006","volume":"9","author":"T Ahmad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmad T, Yamamoto Y, Biswas A, Ghazi L, Martin M, Simonov M, et al. REVeAL-HF: Design and Rationale of a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial Embedded Within Routine Clinical Practice. JACC Heart Fail. 2021;9:409\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2021.03.006.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"2206_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.2496","volume":"7","author":"T Ahmad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad T, Desai NR, Yamamoto Y, Biswas A, Ghazi L, Martin M, et al. Alerting Clinicians to 1-Year Mortality Risk in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: The REVEAL-HF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2022;7:905\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.2496.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2206_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1712984","volume":"378","author":"MS Patel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patel MS, Volpp KG, APatel MS, Volpp KG, Asch DA. Nudge Units to Improve the Delivery of Health Care. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(3):214\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMp1712984.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2206_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e048801","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-048801","volume":"11","author":"BS Last","year":"2021","unstructured":"Last BS, Buttenheim AM, Timon CE, Mitra N, Beidas RS. Systematic review of clinician-directed nudges in healthcare contexts. BMJ Open. 2021;11(7):e048801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-048801.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2206_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73189","DOI":"10.2196\/73189","volume":"27","author":"K Trinkley","year":"2025","unstructured":"Trinkley K, Maestas Duran D, Zhang S, Bean M, Allen L, Glasgow R, Huebschmann A, Lin C, Mansoori J, Maw A, Mitchell J, Scherer L, Matlock D. Application of Nudges to Design Clinical Decision Support Tools: Systematic Approach Guided by Implementation Science. J Med Internet Res. 2025;27:e73189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/73189.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2206_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51952","DOI":"10.2196\/51952","volume":"26","author":"J Ray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ray J, Finn EB, Tyrrell H, Aloe CF, Perrin EM, Wood CT, et al. User-Centered Framework for Implementation of Technology (UFIT): Development of an Integrated Framework for Designing Clinical Decision Support Tools Packaged With Tailored Implementation Strategies. J Med Internet Res. 2024;26:e51952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/51952.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2206_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocz098","volume":"26","author":"JM Ray","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ray JM, Ratwani RM, Sinsky CA, Frankel RM, Friedberg MW, Powsner SM, et al. Six habits of highly successful health information technology: powerful strategies for design and implementation. J Am Med Inf Assoc. 2019;26:1109\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocz098.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inf Assoc"},{"key":"2206_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23627","volume":"31","author":"SL Samuels","year":"2023","unstructured":"Samuels SL, Hu P, Maciejewski KR, Li F, Dziura J, Savoye M, et al. Real-world effectiveness of the Bright Bodies healthy lifestyle intervention for childhood obesity. Obes (Silver Spring). 2023;31:203\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.23627.","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2206_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","volume":"4","author":"LJ Damschroder","year":"2009","unstructured":"Damschroder LJ, Aron DC, Keith RE, Kirsh SR, Alexander JA, Lowery JC. Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implement Sci. 2009;4:50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"2206_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01181-5","volume":"17","author":"LJ Damschroder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Damschroder LJ, Reardon CM, Opra Widerquist MA, Lowery J. Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR Outcomes Addendum. Implement Sci. 2022;17:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-021-01181-5.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"2206_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732320921835","volume":"30","author":"C Vindrola-Padros","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vindrola-Padros C, Johnson GA. Rapid Techniques in Qualitative Research: A Critical Review of the Literature. Qual Health Res. 2020;30:1596\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732320921835.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"2206_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323231167348","volume":"33","author":"J Schexnayder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schexnayder J, Perry KR, Sheahan K, Majette Elliott N, Subramaniam S, Strawbridge E, et al. Team-Based Qualitative Rapid Analysis: Approach and Considerations for Conducting Developmental Formative Evaluation for Intervention Design. Qual Health Res. 2023;33:778\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10497323231167348.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"2206_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01111-5","volume":"16","author":"AL Nevedal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nevedal AL, Reardon CM, Opra Widerquist MA, Jackson GL, Cutrona SL, White BS, et al. Rapid versus traditional qualitative analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Implement Sci. 2021;16:67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-021-01111-5.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2206_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joep.2011.10.009","volume":"33","author":"P Dolan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dolan P, Hallsworth M, Halpern D, King D, Metcalfe R, Vlaev I. Influencing behaviour: The mindspace way. J Econ Psychol. 2012;33(1):264\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joep.2011.10.009.","journal-title":"J Econ Psychol"},{"key":"2206_CR25","unstructured":"Halpern D, Paul D, Hallsworth M, King D, Vlaev I. MINDSPACE: influencing behaviour through public policy. Institute for Government; 2016. https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/6semkmpe. Accessed 2025-09-27."},{"key":"2206_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.01.20.26344491","author":"Y Men","year":"2026","unstructured":"Men Y, Wright N, O\u2019Connor G, et al. Designing a Clinical Decision Support Tool to Promote Timely Palliative Care in Heart Failure. Preprint medRxiv. 2026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.01.20.26344491. 2026.01.20.26344491. Published 2026 Jan 22.","journal-title":"Preprint medRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"2206_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-017-0430-8","volume":"17","author":"JS Ancker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ancker JS, Edwards A, Nosal S, et al. Effects of workload, work complexity, and repeated alerts on alert fatigue in a clinical decision support system. BMC Med Inf Decis Mak. 2017;17(1):36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-017-0430-8.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Mak"},{"issue":"5","key":"2206_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1700869","volume":"10","author":"P Elias","year":"2019","unstructured":"Elias P, Peterson E, Wachter B, Ward C, Poon E, Navar AM. Evaluating the impact of interruptive alerts within a health system: use, response time, and cumulative time burden. Appl Clin Inf. 2019;10(5):909\u201317.","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inf"},{"issue":"6","key":"2206_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocw005","volume":"23","author":"A Wright","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wright A, Hickman TT, McEvoy D, et al. Analysis of clinical decision support system malfunctions: a case series and survey. J Am Med Inf Assoc. 2016;23(6):1068\u201376.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inf Assoc"},{"key":"2206_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-019-0892-4","volume":"14","author":"TJ Waltz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waltz TJ, Powell BJ, Fern\u00e1ndez ME, et al. Choosing implementation strategies to address contextual barriers: diversity in recommendations and future directions. Implement Sci. 2019;14:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-019-0892-4.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"2206_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42","volume":"6","author":"S Michie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Michie S, van Stralen MM, West R. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci. 2011;6:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42 . PMID: 21513547; PMCID: PMC3096582.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2206_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9486-6","volume":"46","author":"S Michie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Michie S, Richardson M, Johnston M, et al. The behavior change technique taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions. Ann Behav Med. 2013;46(1):81\u201395.","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"2206_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e081660","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081660","volume":"389","author":"A Hr\u00f3bjartsson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Boutron I, Hopewell S, et al. SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials. BMJ. 2025;389:e081660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-081660. Published 2025 Apr 28.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"2206_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","volume":"15","author":"HF Hsieh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005;15(9):1277\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732305276687.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"2206_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-017-0635-3","volume":"12","author":"BJ Weiner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, Powell BJ, Dorsey CN, Clary AS, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci. 2017;12:108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13012-017-0635-3.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"2206_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310802205776","volume":"24","author":"A Bangor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bangor A, Kortum,Philip T, Miller JT. An Empirical Evaluation of the System Usability Scale. Int J Human\u2013Computer Interact. 2008;24:574\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447310802205776.","journal-title":"Int J Human\u2013Computer Interact"},{"issue":"5","key":"2206_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2007.07184","volume":"13","author":"JG Zapka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zapka JG, Moran WP, Goodlin SJ, Knott K. Advanced heart failure: prognosis, uncertainty, and decision making. Congest Heart Fail. 2007;13(5):268\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2007.07184.","journal-title":"Congest Heart Fail"},{"key":"2206_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000544","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000544","volume":"3","author":"D Kavalieratos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kavalieratos D, Mitchell EM, Carey TS, Dev S, Biddle AK, Reeve BB, et al. Not the \u2018Grim Reaper Service\u2019: An Assessment of Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding Palliative Care Referral Barriers in Heart Failure. JAHA. 2014;3:e000544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.113.000544.","journal-title":"JAHA"},{"key":"2206_CR39","volume-title":"Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness","author":"RH Thaler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thaler RH, Sunstein CR, Nudge. Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2008."},{"issue":"6","key":"2206_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.1691","volume":"176","author":"MS Patel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Patel MS, Day SC, Halpern SD, et al. Generic Medication Prescription Rates After Health System-Wide Redesign of Default Options Within the Electronic Health Record. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(6):847\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.1691.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2206_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa094","volume":"27","author":"M DeCamp","year":"2020","unstructured":"DeCamp M, Lindvall C. Latent bias and the implementation of artificial intelligence in medicine. J Am Med Inf Assoc. 2020;27(12):2020\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa094.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inf Assoc"}],"container-title":["BMC Palliative Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:30:52Z","timestamp":1791243052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12904-026-02206-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by Yale University\u2019s Institutional Review Board (IRB# 2000038269).\u202f Written informed consent will be obtained from all clinician participants prior to study enrollment. As this study presents minimal risk to patients, we will be requesting a waiver of informed consent at the patient level.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable, as this manuscript does not include any individual-level data, images, or case details.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"292"}}