{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T19:58:47Z","timestamp":1793735927844,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with fibroadenomas in axillary accessory breasts (AABs) have a palpable mass, cyclic axillary pain, and aesthetic concerns that must be addressed. We compared the baseline patient characteristics, AAB characteristics, and surgical outcomes of patients with AABs with and without fibroadenomas undergoing surgical excision. We also monitored the patients for recurrence of axillary fibroadenomas.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study involved 2310 women who underwent AAB excision from 2014 to 2019. Patients with and without a palpable fibroadenoma were divided into a fibroadenoma group and non-fibroadenoma group, respectively. All patients underwent complete excision of accessory mammary gland (AMG) tissue, including fibroadenomas in the AABs. We removed the fibroadenoma and the AMG tissue with a minimal axillary incision.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty-nine patients had a palpable fibroadenoma in the AAB, and all patients in the fibroadenoma group had cyclic axillary pain and a palpable axillary mass. There were no significant differences in the patients\u2019 age, weight of the AMG tissue, liposuction volume, or fibroadenoma laterality between the two groups. The body mass index in the fibroadenoma group was lower than that in the non-fibroadenoma group (19.9 vs. 22.3\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.000). Concurrent fibroadenoma excision in a normal breast on the chest was performed more often in the fibroadenoma group than in the non-fibroadenoma group (35.9% (14\/39) vs. 4.1% (92\/2271), respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.000). The mean fibroadenoma size was 2.1\u00a0cm (range, 1.1\u20139.1\u00a0cm). All patients were satisfied with the degree of postoperative pain relief, disappearance of palpable lesions, and cosmetic improvement. No patients developed fibroadenoma recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Complete excision of the AMG tissue and fibroadenoma is appropriate in patients with an AAB with a fibroadenoma. Surgeons should also consider the high incidence of concurrent fibroadenomas in the normal breasts on the chest.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T11:03:08Z","timestamp":1617793388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Surgery for fibroadenoma arising from axillary accessory breast"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0201-0627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Ryul","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1278_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182173f95","volume":"128","author":"SA Bartsich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bartsich SA, Ofodile FA. Accessory breast tissue in the axilla: classification and treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128:35e\u20136e.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1075-122X.2005.21623.x","volume":"11","author":"H Alghamdi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alghamdi H, Abdelhadi M. Accessory breasts: when to excise? Breast J. 2005;11:155\u20137.","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"1278_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4225","volume":"90","author":"S Down","year":"2003","unstructured":"Down S, Barr L, Baildam AD, Bundred N. Management of accessory breast tissue in the axilla. Br J Surg. 2003;90:1213\u20134.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-010-9505-y","volume":"34","author":"P Gentile","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gentile P, Izzo V, Cervelli V. Fibroadenoma in the bilateral accessory axillary breast. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2010;34:657\u20139.","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-018-1128-8","volume":"42","author":"SR Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee SR, Lee SG, Byun GY, Kim MJ, Koo BH. Axillary accessory breast: optimal time for operation. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2018;42:1231\u201343.","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01649-7","author":"SR Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee SR. Efficacy of two-step surgery on severely protruding axillary accessory breast: first-step mammary gland excision followed by second-look redundant skin excision. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-020-01649-7.","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.13498","volume":"26","author":"MA Mlees","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mlees MA, El-Sherpiny WY, Moussa HR. Transaxillary endoscopic excision of benign breast tumors, early institution experience. Breast J. 2019;26:672\u20138.","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"1278_CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"140","author":"R Likert","year":"1932","unstructured":"Likert R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psychol. 1932;140:1\u201355.","journal-title":"Arch Psychol"},{"key":"1278_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-018-0468-0","volume":"39","author":"HH Kreipe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kreipe HH, Christgen M. Ectopia of mammary tissue. Pathologe. 2018;39:398\u2013401.","journal-title":"Pathologe"},{"key":"1278_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407073310103","volume":"331","author":"WD Dupont","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dupont WD, Page DL, Parl FF, et al. Long-term risk of breast cancer in women with fibroadenoma. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:10\u20135.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1278_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2016.03.004","volume":"16","author":"F Fam\u00e1","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fam\u00e1 F, Cicci\u00fa M, Sindoni A, et al. Prevalence of ectopic breast tissue and tumor: a 20-year single center experience. Clin Breast Cancer. 2016;16:e107\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"1278_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asj.2004.08.004","volume":"24","author":"YS Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim YS. Correction of accessory axillary breast tissue without visible scar. Aesthet Surg J. 2004;24:531\u20135.","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"1278_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007600305","volume":"76","author":"F Aydogan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aydogan F, Baghaki S, Celik V, et al. Surgical treatment of axillary accessory breasts. Am Surg. 2010;76:270\u20132.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"1278_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199510000-00004","volume":"35","author":"MA Lesavoy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lesavoy MA, Gomez-Garcia A, Nejdl R, Yospur G, Syiau TJ, Chang P. Axillary breast tissue: clinical presentation and surgical treatment. 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Breast J. 2008;14:275\u20138.","journal-title":"Breast J"}],"container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T11:04:26Z","timestamp":1617793466000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcwomenshealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01278-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6874"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6874","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of our institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was provided by all patients included in this study. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Damsoyu Hospital (DSY-2020\u2013001). Informed consent was obtained from all individual patients or their parents\/guardians.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The author declares that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"139"}}