{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T10:58:20Z","timestamp":1740135500574,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The basic principle of vaginal laser therapy is the rejuvenation of the affected tissue. Zinc and copper are essential nutritional trace elements and have a key role in connective tissue homeostasis. We aimed to investigate the effect of vaginal, fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser treatment on cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) zinc and copper levels.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-nine postmenopausal women with symptoms of vaginal dryness were enrolled in our prospective cohort study. Three treatments with MonaLisa Touch CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser system were performed four weeks apart. At each treatment CVL was collected, Vaginal Health Index (VHI) was obtained, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for vaginal dryness was assigned by patients. Zinc and copper concentrations were measured with optical emission spectrometry before each treatment and six weeks after the 3rd treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The VHI scores significantly improved after each laser treatment (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD VHI score, 13.03\u2009\u00b1\u20094.49 before vs. 15.55\u2009\u00b1\u20094.35 after the 1st, 17.79\u2009\u00b1\u20094.57 after the 2nd and 19.38\u2009\u00b1\u20094.39 after the 3rd treatment, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Similarly, VAS scores reflected improvement (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD VAS score 6.59\u2009\u00b1\u20092.86 before vs. 4.17\u2009\u00b1\u20092.86 after the 1st, 2.45\u2009\u00b1\u20092.43 after the 2nd and 1.41\u2009\u00b1\u20091.94 after the 3rd treatment, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). CVL zinc levels were significantly higher compared to copper levels (0.06\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 vs. 0.006\u2009\u00b1\u20090.006\u00a0mg\/L, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) at baseline. While copper levels remained the same through treatments, the CVL zinc level was significantly higher after the second laser treatment compared to the baseline.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser treatment of the vagina impacts CVL zinc and copper levels differently. While CVL copper levels were not different after each laser treatment, zinc levels were significantly higher after the second treatment before returning to baseline values.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]],"date-time":"2021-06-06T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1622970176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fractional CO2 laser treatment effect on cervicovaginal lavage zinc and copper levels: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Attila G.","family":"Sipos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krisztina","family":"P\u00e1kozdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Szilvia","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kindra","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Takacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bence","family":"Kozma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1379_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.07.045","volume":"215","author":"J Gandhi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gandhi J, Chen A, Dagur G, Suh Y, Smith N, Cali B, et al. 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Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(1):758\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T15:06:03Z","timestamp":1675436763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcwomenshealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01379-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6874"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-6874"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study obtained legal permission from the University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Hungarian National Institutional Review Medical Research Council (IRB Approval: 7239\u20133\/2017\/E\u00dcIG) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The following authors have no conflict of interest to declare: Sipos, Kozma, and Larson. Takacs is a paid consultant for Fempharma LLC. Jager is employed by Fempharma LLC.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"235"}}