{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T15:15:26Z","timestamp":1793718926898,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although menstruation is a normal physiological process that begins in girls during adolescence, it has the potential to negatively impact on the self-esteem and education of girls particularly those from low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with menstruation-related school absenteeism among adolescent girls in the Talensi district of rural northern Ghana.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 705 adolescent girls aged 12\u201319\u00a0years who had attained menarche. The sample size was estimated using Epi Info version 6 at 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit participants. We conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to determine factors associated with menstruation-related school absenteeism which was defined as \u201cbeing absent from school due to menstruation-related issues during the last menstruation.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of menstruation-related school absenteeism was 27.5%. School absenteeism ranged from one to seven days during the menstrual period. Older adolescent girls, (aOR\u2009=\u20092.38, 95% CI 1.29\u20134.40), use of cloth as a sanitary material at the last menstruation, (aOR\u2009=\u20093.21, 95% CI 2.22\u20134.63), and cultural restriction, (aOR\u2009=\u20092.54, 95% CI 1.76\u20133.67) were associated with higher odds of menstruation-related school absenteeism. Meanwhile, girls from moderate income parent(s), [aOR\u2009=\u20090.57 95% CI 0.34\u20130.94] had lower odds of menstruation-related school absenteeism. Mother\u2019s education and privacy in school were only significant at the univariate level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of menstruation-related school absenteeism highlights the need for interventions aimed at improving the availability of sanitary pads for girls, eliminating cultural restrictions associated with menstruation, and also improving parent(s) income level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01418-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T07:03:31Z","timestamp":1627887811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prevalence and factors associated with menstruation-related school absenteeism among adolescent girls in rural northern Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Maxwell Tii","family":"Kumbeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence Assibi","family":"Ziba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Apenkwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Easmon","family":"Otupiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1418_CR1","unstructured":"UNICEF. 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The sexual and reproductive health needs of very young adolescents in developing countries. Guttmarcher Institute. 2017. Available from: https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/fact-sheet\/srh-needs-very-young-adolescents-in-developing-countries"},{"issue":"12","key":"1418_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13159","volume":"23","author":"J Davis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davis J, Macintyre A, Odagiri M, Suriastini W, Cordova A, Huggett C, et al. Menstrual hygiene management and school absenteeism among adolescent students in Indonesia: evidence from a cross-sectional school-based survey. Trop Med Int Heal. 2018;23(12):1350\u201363.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Heal"},{"key":"1418_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hennegan J, Dolan C, Wu M, Scott L, Montgomery P. Measuring the prevalence and impact of poor menstrual hygiene management: A quantitative survey of schoolgirls in rural Uganda. 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All the procedures in the study were performed according to standards of institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. Administrative permission was also sought from Ghana Education Service as well as heads of the various schools. Written informed consent form was obtained from participants 18\u00a0years or older, while same was obtained from parents of participants below 18\u00a0years, and those participants assented to the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have declared that they have no competing interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"279"}}