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At the same visit, women reported their BFD for each birth, and we derived total lifetime BFD. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate associations of lifetime BFD in months with midlife handgrip strength in kilograms, adjusted for race\/ethnicity, education, marital status, household income, age at first pregnancy and age at handgrip strength assessment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mean (standard deviation) age was 50.7 (5.1) years, lifetime BFD was 21.6 (19.5) months, and handgrip strength was 28.0\u00a0kg (6.0) in the dominant and 26.0\u00a0kg (5.6) in the non-dominant hand. In fully adjusted models, each 3-month increment in lifetime BFD was associated with 0.10\u00a0kg (95% CI 0.02, 0.18) higher handgrip strength for the dominant hand and 0.10\u00a0kg (95% CI 0.03, 0.18) for the nondominant hand. Results were similar in models examining mean BFD per pregnancy rather than total BFD. There was no evidence of effect modification by race\/ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our study suggests that there is a small beneficial effect of lifetime BFD on handgrip strength. Future studies can explore mechanisms by which BFD affects body composition and associations with other outcomes related to lean mass such as sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01880-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]],"date-time":"2022-07-23T16:02:28Z","timestamp":1658592148000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association of total lifetime breastfeeding duration with midlife handgrip strength: findings\u00a0from Project Viva"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Irasema C.","family":"Paster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pi-i D.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheryl L.","family":"Rifas-Shiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Perng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Chavarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Oken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1880_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e827","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3552","volume":"129","author":"M Johnston","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johnston M, Landers S, Noble L, Szucs K, Viehmann L. 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The study was performed under the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Boards at Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute.<sup>36<\/sup> We provided careful explanation of the study aims and protocol during study recruitment. All participants who agreed to join the study provided written informed consent. Confidentiality was ensured.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"306"}}