{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:32:51Z","timestamp":1787020371466,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nowadays, Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery is quite prevalent, resulting in a wide range of medical and cultural implications. The majority of women who undergo this operation suffer from anxiety, depression, and other emotional symptoms. The present study was carried out in order to explore women\u2019s perspective on and experience of genital cosmetic surgery given their special context and cultural aspects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The qualitative study applying content analysis examined the experiences of nine women who received genital cosmetic surgery in Erbil, Kurdistan-Iraq, between 2021 and 2022. Each of the semi-in-depth face-to-face interviews lasted between 40 and 60\u00a0min and was conducted at the physician's clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semi-structured interviews led to emergence of two main themes, namely \u201chusband satisfaction\u201d and \u201cself-confidence\u201d. Interpreting the participants\u2019 stories resulted in some relevant subthemes and meaning units like \u201cugly appearance\u201d, \u201canxiety related to husband undesirable intercourse\u201d, and \u201cdyspareunia\u201d. Finally, the related conclusions of each theme were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As suggested by the study findings, female genital cosmetic surgery improves the women\u2019s body image and sexual function and the couples\u2019 sexual satisfaction, especially that of husbands. Because of the people\u2019s sociocultural aspects in Kurdistan region, their awareness of female sexual needs and marital relationship needs to be raised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01921-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T06:05:01Z","timestamp":1660284301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Women\u2019s experience and perspectives toward genital cosmetic surgery in Erbil city\/Iraq: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Tiran Jamil","family":"Piro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awaz Aziz","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warda Hassan","family":"Abdulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolsoom","family":"Safari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1921_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830701759793","volume":"27","author":"R Bramwell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bramwell R, Morland CM. 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It was approved by the Ethics Committee of Howler Medical University (No. 8960054 dated 15th September 2021). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were assured of the confidential nature of the information gathered. All data collected were anonymized using unique study identifiers.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}},{"value":"None of authors declare competing interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"340"}}