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This study aims to compare the daily physical activity and dietary habits of women with PCOS with age-matched healthy controls living in Lahore, Pakistan.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A case\u2013control study design was used to collect data from a private hospital situated in Lahore, Pakistan. Data was collected from 115 participants of reproductive age (18\u201345\u00a0years) using a researcher-administered questionnaire. Demographic variables, reproductive characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and seven days of physical activity levels using the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-Short version) and seven days of dietary intake using the food frequency questionnaire (7\u00a0days-FFQ) were used to measure the dietary habits of the participants. Mosby\u2019s Nutritac v4.0 software was used to estimate the macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals present in dietary intake. The glycaemic index and glycaemic load were calculated to compare the quality and quantity of carbohydrate consumption between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The 49 PCOS cases, newly identified using the Rotterdam criteria, mean age 24.63\u00a0years (SD\u2009\u00b1\u20094.76), and 66 healthy controls, mean age 23.24\u00a0years (SD\u2009\u00b1\u20095.45), were compared. A significant difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.05) was found for reproductive characteristics, daily physical activity, and polyunsaturated fat and vitamin intake between the two groups. A binary logistic regression analysis showed that food with a low glycaemic index (GI\u2009\u2264\u200940) reduced the odds of PCOS occurrence by OR\u2009=\u20091.94. Similarly, food nutrients with a low glycaemic load (GL\u2009\u2264\u200910) can reduce PCOS occurrence by OR\u2009=\u20091.60.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The daily physical activity levels and dietary habits of women of reproductive age can influence their reproductive characteristics and polycystic ovarian morphology. A diet with a low glycaemic load and index can produce beneficial reproductive health effects among women of reproductive age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02866-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T17:01:37Z","timestamp":1704733297000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of physical activity levels and dietary habits between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy controls of reproductive age: a case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Salman","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javeria","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubeena","family":"Zakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sobia","family":"Aiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gul Mehar Javaid","family":"Bukhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2866_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.06.035","volume":"91","author":"R Azziz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. 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