{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T21:39:52Z","timestamp":1780090792587,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Urinary incontinence (UI) after successful closure of obstetric vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair is a widely recognized public health problem. However, there is insufficient research evaluating the factors associated with UI after successful obstetric VVF repair in Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The main aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of UI following the successful closure of obstetric VVF repair at the Yirgalem Hamlin Fistula Center in the Sidama region of southern Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was performed on patients who underwent obstetric VVF repair at the Yirgalem Hamlin Fistula Center between 2016 and 2020. The data were collected from September to October 2021. EPI Data Version 3.1 and SPSS Version 25.0 were used for data entry and analysis. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used for all variables significant in the bivariate binary logistic analysis to determine the association between the independent variables and outcome variables. The data are presented in tables and figures. Variables with a p-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 were considered to be statistically associated with the study outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 499 study subjects were included. The magnitude of UI after successful closure of obstetric VVF repair was 23.25%. A Goh type 4 fistula (AOR\u2009=\u20094.289; 95% CI 1.431, 12.852), a fistula size\u2009&gt;\u20093\u00a0cm (AOR\u2009=\u20098.855; 95% CI 4.786, 16.382), a partially damaged urethra (AOR\u2009=\u20092.810; 95% CI 1.441, 5.479), and a completely destroyed urethra (AOR\u2009=\u20095.829; 95% CI 2.094, 16.228) were found to be significantly associated factors with the outcome variable.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Nearly one in four patients who had successful closure of obstetric VVF repair at the Yirgalem Hamlin fistula center had UI, which is above the WHO recommendations. The presence of a Goh type 4 fistula, large fistula size, and damaged urethral status significantly affect the presence of UI. Therefore, interventions are necessary to prevent and manage UI among patients who underwent obstetric VVF repair and had a closed fistula.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-02979-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T08:03:00Z","timestamp":1709798580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Urinary incontinence following successful closure of obstetric vesicovaginal fistula repair in Southern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shimelis","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desta","family":"Mekete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shambel","family":"Negese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dereje Zeleke","family":"Belachew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galana Takele","family":"Namara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2979_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09993.x","volume":"108","author":"DE Irwin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Irwin DE, et al. 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Supporting letter was also obtained from Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Midwifery to communicate with the responsible bodies at the study setting. Then, permission was sought from the responsible\/managerial bodies of the Yirgalem Hamlin Fistula Center. Due to the retrospective character of the study, informed consent was not required. However, verbal permission was taken from the responsible bodies to conduct this study. To protect confidentiality, a unique identifier was assigned for each study subject instead of using names and medical registration numbers. All the methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The author declares that there are no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"164"}}