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Genus <jats:italic>Datura<\/jats:italic> encompasses numerous species with reported medicinal uses. However, its potential as a source of natural anticancer agents is yet to be determined. <jats:italic>Datura stramonium<\/jats:italic> (DS) and <jats:italic>Datura inoxia<\/jats:italic> (DI) are the two species chosen for this study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) as well as antioxidant activity were assessed through colorimetric method. Polyphenolic quantification was done by RP-HPLC. Following extract standardization ethyl acetate leaf extracts of both species (DSL-EA and DIL-EA) were chosen for anticancer studies. In vitro cytotoxicity using various models including cancer cell lines was monitored. Following toxicity studies, benzene (0.2\u2009ml) was used to induce leukemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. Extracts were orally administered to preventive (100 and 200\u2009mg\/kg) and treatment (200\u2009mg\/kg only) groups. The antileukemic potential of extracts was assessed through haematological, biochemical, endogenous antioxidants and histological parameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant TPC and TFC were estimated in DSL-EA and DIL-EA. RP-HPLC quantified (\u03bcg\/mg extract) rutin (0.89\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03), gallic acid (0.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07), catechin (0.24\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02) and apigenin (0.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09) in DSL-EA while rutin (0.036\u2009\u00b1\u20090.004) and caffeic acid (0.27\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03) in DIL-EA. Both extracts exhibited significant brine shrimp cytotoxicity (LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u200912.5\u2009\u03bcg\/ml). DIL-EA exhibited greater cytotoxicity against PC-3, MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 cell lines (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u20093\u2009\u03bcg\/ml in each case) as well as higher protein kinase inhibitory action (MIC: 25\u2009\u03bcg\/disc) compared to DSL-EA. Leukemia induced in rats was affirmed by elevated serum levels of WBCs (7.78\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012 (\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) \/\u03bcl), bilirubin (7.56\u2009\u00b1\u20090.97\u2009mg\/dl), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) (133.75\u2009\u00b1\u20092.61\u2009nM\/min\/mg protein), decreased RBCs (4.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.065 (\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>)\/\u03bcl), platelets (344\u2009\u00b1\u20093.19 (\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>)\/\u03bcl), total proteins (2.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11\u2009g\/dl), Glutathione S-transferases (GST) (81.01\u2009\u00b1\u20090.44\u2009nM\/min\/ml), endogenous antioxidant enzymes levels and abnormal liver and kidney functionality in disease control rats. Both species revealed almost identical and significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) alleviative effects in benzene induced leukemia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Comprehensive screening divulged the tremendous potential of selected species as potent source of natural anticancer agents in a variety of cancers particularly leukemia. Present study might provide useful finger prints in cancer research and mechanistic studies are prerequisite in logical hunt of this goal.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-020-02975-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T13:03:53Z","timestamp":1592399033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Preclinical anticancer studies on the ethyl acetate leaf extracts of Datura stramonium and Datura inoxia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Bakht","family":"Nasir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Waleed","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Majid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syeda Masooma","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zafar Irshad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syeda Tayyaba Batool","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6413-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ihsan-ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2975_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.5520120108","volume":"12","author":"M Abdulla","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abdulla M, Gruber P. 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A written informed consent was obtained from the participant in this regard.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"188"}}