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Splenocyte, thymus, peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from the Balb\/c mice treated with Korean red ginseng or PLM once a day for 5\u2009weeks. Moreover, all mice except normal mice were stimulated with 10% proteose peptone (PP) treated 3\u2009days before the sacrifice and 2% starch treated 2\u2009days before the sacrifice. Subsequently, the cytotropic substance was evaluated by using flow cytometry analysis and ELISA assay.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PLM200 treatment significantly suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1\u03b2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 dose-dependently in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. PLM200 supplementation showed a significant increase in IL-2, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 production and upregulated the ratio of IFN-\u03b3 (T-helper type 1, Th1) to IL-4 (T-helper type 2, Th2) in splenocytes. After PLM200 treatment, the significant elevation of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>&amp;CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD69<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> treatment were detected in thymus. Moreover, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD69<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> in PBMC and CD69<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> in PEC were also shown in a significant increase.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Taken together, these results showed an immunomodulatory effect of PLM about an elevated INF-\u03b3\/IL4 ratio, as an index of Th1\/Th2, as well as the anti-inflammatory effect in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that PLM possesses immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03441-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T08:02:56Z","timestamp":1635235376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of Phellinus linteus mycelium"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mi-Rae","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hye","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin A","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Ju","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae-Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeong Wook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Bo","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4162-6849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong-Soo","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"3441_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146538","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1467538","volume":"2018","author":"DA Cronkite","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cronkite DA, Strutt TM. 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