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The single point growth inhibitory potential of the compounds was determined using a 96-well plate based assay.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The CH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> crude extracts exhibited potent antibacterial activity against <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> ATCC 8739 and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> ATCC 6538 with percentage growth of 94.90\u2009\u00b1\u20094.24 and 29.47\u2009\u00b1\u20094.89 respectively<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> Hence, the CH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> crude extract was further subjected to column chromatography which resulted in the isolation of methyl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>), <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-octyl benzoate (<jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>), friedelanol (<jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>), and germanicol (<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>) and identification of compounds 12\u201324 for the first time in the species based on the LC-MS\/MS spectroscopic data. The purified compounds (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>), and previously reported compounds (<jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>11<\/jats:bold>) were evaluated for antibacterial activities against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. coli,<\/jats:italic> as well as the cytotoxicity effects against HeLa cells. Of the purified compounds, methyl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>), was the most active against <jats:italic>E.coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> with a percentage growth of 19.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.65 and 23.32\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23 respectively. <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-amyrin (<jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>), and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-sitosterol (<jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>), were active against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> with percentage growth of 27.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07, and 47.79\u2009\u00b1\u20092.99 respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results obtained from this study indicate that <jats:italic>E. grandicornis,<\/jats:italic> is a rich source of chemical constituents that may provide new lead compounds for the development of antibacterial agents.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-022-03571-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T16:07:04Z","timestamp":1648224424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of Euphorbia grandicornis Blanc chemical constituents"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kemboi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moses K.","family":"Langat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Siwe-Noundou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui W. 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The permission to collect the <i>Euphorbia grandicornis<\/i> Blanc was granted by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"90"}}