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The current study aimed to identify\n the phytochemical components of O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n essential oil (EO) and determine its antiproliferative and antimicrobial effects.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were employed to detect the phytochemical constituents of\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO. Broth microdilution assay was utilized to determine the antimicrobial effects against various microbial species, including those causing diabetic foot infections.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n This study revealed that\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO contains 44 phytochemical compounds, of which 41 compounds were detectable and amounted to 99.78% of the total oil. The main chemical components of the oil were carvacrol (57.4%), p-cymene (6.66%), carvone (5.35%), pinene (4.9%), and terpinene (2.96%). The antiproliferative activity of different concentrations of\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO was noted in all of the investigated cell lines, with the best activity at the concentration of 500\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. The greatest antibacterial activity was against\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Proteus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n , with MIC values of 1.56 \u00b5L\/mL. In addition, and the\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO showed strong antifungal activity against\n Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n with a MIC value of 0.8 \u00b5L\/mL. In addition, the\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO showed potent antibacterial activity against all MRSA samples obtained from the diabetic foot with a MIC value of 3.13 \u00b5L\/mL. The\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO demonstrated potent activity against Carbapenem-resistant\n Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n Citrobacter freundii<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n , with MICs value of 6.25 \u00b5L\/mL.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n The potent antiproliferative and broad antimicrobial activity of\n O. punonense<\/jats:italic>\n EO makes it an effective strategy for treating infections, especially in immunocompromised patients with chronic comorbidities such as cancer and diabetes mellitus.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04395-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T09:02:09Z","timestamp":1709110929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Exploring the phytoconstituents, antimicrobial potency, and cytotoxic effects of essential oil from Origanum punonense from Palestine"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Kamal","family":"Issa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amjad","family":"Bakhatan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majde Abu","family":"Khaled","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidal","family":"Jaradat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Hawash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawaf","family":"Al-Maharik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ghanim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Qadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"4395_CR1","first-page":"354","volume":"8","author":"S Sam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sam S. 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